But this is a highly unstable element, and so it is not how it appears in food. This is how phosphorus appears in food:
P hosphorus in food
Image: Phosphorus in food:7(A) adenosine 5 0 -triphosphate; (meat) (B) fructose 1,6-bisphosphate;(dairy products) (C) cytidine triphosphate; ( beer, tomatoes, broccoli, and oats.8 ) (D) riboflavin-5 0 -phosphate; (Vitamin B2, for food sources see chapter 7.6.B.2.)(E) creatine phosphate; (meat and fish9) (F) pyridoxal-5 0 -phosphate. (Vitamin B6 pyridoxine.10 For food sources see Chapter 7.6.B6)
Revici classified Phosphorus as theoretically anabolic.
Image: Phosphorus theoretically anabolic on Revici’s chart11
“Phosphorus” comes from the Greek word phosphorous, which means “bringer of light.” In drug or supplement form, it’s called phosphate12. Phosphorus plays an important role in keeping you healthy, so it’s an important part of your diet13.
This mineral is hard at work in every one of the trillions of cells in your body right now14.
Function and Health Benefits Phosphorus
Phosphorus is an essential mineral that your body uses to build healthy bones, create energy and make new cells15.You have more of this mineral in your body than any other except calcium. Sulfur, calcium 16 and phosphorus are the three most abundant minerals in the human body17.
One of its main tasks is to serve as a building block for healthy teeth and bones18.You may think that’s calcium’s job. But calcium needs phosphorus to make your teeth and bones strong19 and create healthy bones20 create energy and make new cells21.Phosphorus is a building block for healthy teeth and bones22.
Phosphorus also helps your nerves and muscles do their jobs23.
Phosphorus also helps you turn fat, carbs, and protein 24into energy.
Phosphorus aids in weight loss
Phosphorus and Calcium work together maintain a healthy blood PH.25. More Phosphorus means more alkaline blood, More Calcium means more acidic blood. The ideal calcium to phosphorus ratio is 1-2:126Phosphorus is a a buffer that keeps the pH level in your blood balanced27.
According to the American Association for Clinical Chemistry, normal blood pH levels are between 7.35 and 7.45.
A blood pH above 7.45 indicate alkalosis, or too much phosphorus
A blood pH below 7.35 indicates acidosis.28, or too much calcium.
Acidosis reduces, and alkalosis increases the binding of calcium to albumin, causing increased or decreased levels of ionized calcium, respectively29.
So acidosis reduces the binding of calcium to albumin, causing increased levels of ionized calcium,
and alkalosis increases the binding of calcium to albumin, causing decreased levels of ionized calcium.
High pH levels cause low calcium levels.
Deficiency Symptoms Phosphorus : Metabolic acidosis too low blood pH
Low phosphorus status has been positively associated with increased body weight33.
Low phosphorus may cause kidney stones:
Nerve disorders
Osteomalacia , which is a marked softening of your bones.
Rhabdomyolysis is a serious syndrome due to a direct or indirect muscle injury. It results from the death of muscle fibers and release of their contents into the bloodstream. This can lead to serious complications such as renal (kidney) failure. This means the kidneys cannot remove waste and concentrated urine. In rare cases, Rhabdomyolysis can even cause death. However, prompt treatment often brings a good outcome. Here’s what you need to know about Rhabdomyolysis.
The “classic triad” of Rhabdomyolysis symptoms are:
muscle pain in the shoulders, thighs, or lower back;
muscle weakness or trouble moving arms and legs. Half of people with the condition may have no muscle-related symptoms.
dark red or brown urine or decreased urination. Other common signs of Rhabdomyolysis include:
Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to the nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves), often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in the hands and feet. It can also affect other areas and body functions including digestion, urination and circulation35
Some of the common symptoms of metabolic acidosis, when there is too little phosphorus and too much calcium, and the blood pH is too low, include the following:
rapid and shallow breathing
confusion
fatigue
headache
sleepiness
lack of appetite
jaundice
increased heart rate
breath that smells fruity, which is a sign of diabetic acidosis (ketoacidosis)
Without prompt treatment, acidosis may lead to the following health complications:
When blood pH levels become too high, and thus the blood too alkaline it is called Alkalosis. Metabolic Alkalosis. can have central nervous system manifestations ranging from confusion to coma, peripheral neuropathic symptoms of tremor, tingling and numbness, muscle weakness and twitching, and arrhythmia’s, particularly when associated with hypokalemia and hypocalcemia.
Deficiency Causes Phosphorus
Calcium overload causes Phosphorus deficiency
Calcium overload can be caused by oral vitamin D,
Phosphorus deficiency, also called hypophosphatemia, can happen
The recommended daily intake (RDI) for adults is 700 mg, but growing teens and pregnant women need more. The daily value (DV) was estimated to be 1,000 mg, but was recently updated to 1,250 mg to cover the needs of these groups52.
How much phosphorus you need depends on your age. (Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding need the same amount as other adults.)
If you have a health issue that keeps you from getting enough phosphorus from food, your doctor can prescribe a supplement. Phosphate also treats some types of urinary tract infections and prevents calcium stones in the urinary tract54.
The stability of phosphorus depends on the form it is in. As riboflavin Vitamin B2, (dairy products, nuts, seeds, mushrooms) Riboflavin it is heat stable but light sensitive. Thermal decomposition of Vitamin B2 in air atmosphere occurs at 296 °C. 72If Vitamin B2 is exposed to too much light it can be deactivated from its usable form. UV light can destroy a percentage73 of Vitamin B2, Riboflavin74So heat it any way you like, but store it in the dark. And if you heat it, use the fluids you used to cook or fry it in for soups or sauce, since the vitamins and minerals leech into them. As Vitamin B6 (nuts, seeds, vegetables) Thermal decomposition in air atmosphere occurs at 212 °C. 75 As with all B Vitamins, use the fluids you boiled, cooked or fried them in, because the Vitamins leech in them.
Relationships Phosphorus: Seesaw with Calcium to regulate blood pH: Low Phosphorus, low pH Acidosis, High Phosphorus, high pH, Alkalosis
Alkalosis(Too much phosphorus, too little calcium) and Acidosis (too little phosphorus, too much calcium)
1What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride?PubMed,February 2009, Bergman C, Gray-Scott D, Chen JJ, Meacham S. What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Feb;49(2):136-44. doi: 10.1080/10408390701764468. PMID: 18989832.,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989832/
3What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride?PubMed,February 2009, Bergman C, Gray-Scott D, Chen JJ, Meacham S. What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Feb;49(2):136-44. doi: 10.1080/10408390701764468. PMID: 18989832.,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989832/
4SARS-CoV-2: influence of phosphate and magnesium, moderated by vitamin D, on energy (ATP) metabolism and on severity of COVID-19, PubMed,January 1, 2021, van Kempen TATG, Deixler E. SARS-CoV-2: influence of phosphate and magnesium, moderated by vitamin D, on energy (ATP) metabolism and on severity of COVID-19. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan 1;320(1):E2-E6. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00474.2020. Epub 2020 Nov 11. PMID: 33174766; PMCID: PMC7816430.Theo A T G van Kempen 1, Elisabeth Deixler 2,1North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.2München, Germany., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33174766/
7Phosphorus in food,ResearchGate, May 2019, Biomolecule-assisted green synthesis of nanostructured calcium phosphates and their biomedical applications, Chao Qi, Sara Musetti, Lian-Hua Fu[…], Leaf Huanghttps://www.researchgate.net/figure/Chemical-structures-of-typical-phosphorus-containing-biomolecules-A-adenosine-5-0_fig18_333053839
8Potential SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors of cytidine derivatives: NIH, November 28, 2022, M A Kawsar S, Hosen MA, Ahmad S, El Bakri Y, Laaroussi H, Ben Hadda T, Almalki FA, Ozeki Y, Goumri-Said S. Potential SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors of cytidine derivatives: Molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, ADMET, and POM analyses for the identification of pharmacophore sites. PLoS One. 2022 Nov 28;17(11):e0273256. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273256. PMID: 36441684; PMCID: PMC9704642., Molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, ADMET, and POM analyses for the identification of pharmacophore sites, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9704642
17Are we getting enough sulfur in our diet? PubMed, November 6, 2007, Nimni ME, Han B, Cordoba F. Are we getting enough sulfur in our diet? Nutr Metab (Lond). 2007 Nov 6;4:24. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-4-24 PMID: 17986345 PMCID: PMC2198910, Marcel E Nimni, 1 Bo Han,1 and Fabiola Cordoba2 , 1Departments of Surgery and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. 90032, USA2Pediatrics Medical Group, San Juan, 00907, Puerto Rico,corresponding authorCorresponding author.,Marcel E Nimni: moc.loa@700inmin; Bo Han: ude.csu@nahob; Fabiola Cordoba: moc.loa@abodrocaloibaf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2198910/
20What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride?PubMed,February 2009, Bergman C, Gray-Scott D, Chen JJ, Meacham S. What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Feb;49(2):136-44. doi: 10.1080/10408390701764468. PMID: 18989832.,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989832/
21What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride?PubMed,February 2009, Bergman C, Gray-Scott D, Chen JJ, Meacham S. What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Feb;49(2):136-44. doi: 10.1080/10408390701764468. PMID: 18989832.,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989832/
26Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health, PMC, July 13, 2017, Loughrill E, Wray D, Christides T, Zand N. Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health. Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Jul;13(3):e12368. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12368, Epub 2016 Sep 9. PMID: 27612307; PMCID: PMC6865864, Emma Loughrill 1, David Wray 1, Tatiana Christides 1, Nazanin Zand 1 , Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27612307/
29Hypocalcemia, NIH, August 8, 2021. Abhinav Goyal; Catherine Anastasopoulou; Michael Ngu; Shikha Singh. 1 Einstein Medical Center, 2 Einstein Medical Center, 3 University of Heidelberg Medical School Germany, 4 Wyckoff Heights Medical Center https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430912/
32Dangers of very low blood pH,PMC, July, 2011, Rosival V. Dangers of very low blood pH. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2011 Jul;15(3):194. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.84887 ,PMID: 22013317; PMCID: PMC3190476. Viktor Rosival, Department of Laboratory Medicine, SYNLAB, Dérer’s Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia, Correspondence: Dr. Viktor Rosival, Department of Laboratory Medicine, SYNLAB, Dérer’s Hospital, Limbová 5, SK-833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia, Europe. E-mail: moc.liamtoh@vlavisor https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3190476/
33Effect of phosphorus supplementation on weight gain and waist circumference of overweight/obese adults: a randomized clinical trial,PMC, December 21, 2015, Ayoub JJ, Samra MJ, Hlais SA, Bassil MS, Obeid OA. Effect of phosphorus supplementation on weight gain and waist circumference of overweight/obese adults: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Diabetes. 2015 Dec 21;5(12):e189. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2015.38 PMID: 26690287 PMCID: PMC4735052, J J Ayoub,1,4 M J A Samra,1,4 S A Hlais,2 M S Bassil,3 and O A Obeid1,* 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon 2Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon 3Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon *Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon. E-mail: bl.ude.bua@diebo.ramohttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735052/
49Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health, PMC, July 13, 2017, Loughrill E, Wray D, Christides T, Zand N. Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health. Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Jul;13(3):e12368. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12368, Epub 2016 Sep 9. PMID: 27612307; PMCID: PMC6865864, Emma Loughrill 1, David Wray 1, Tatiana Christides 1, Nazanin Zand 1 , Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27612307/
51Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health, PMC, July 13, 2017, Loughrill E, Wray D, Christides T, Zand N. Calcium to phosphorus ratio, essential elements and vitamin D content of infant foods in the UK: Possible implications for bone health. Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Jul;13(3):e12368. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12368, Epub 2016 Sep 9. PMID: 27612307; PMCID: PMC6865864, Emma Loughrill 1, David Wray 1, Tatiana Christides 1, Nazanin Zand 1 , Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27612307/
52Food Labeling: Revision of the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. Final rule,Food and Drug Administration, HHS. Food Labeling: Revision of the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2016 May 27;81(103):33741-999. PMID: 27236870.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27236870/
68Phytate in foods and significance for humans: food sources, intake, processing, bioavailability, protective role and analysis,PubMed, September 2009, Schlemmer U, Frølich W, Prieto RM, Grases F. Phytate in foods and significance for humans: food sources, intake, processing, bioavailability, protective roleand analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Sep;53 Suppl 2:S330-75. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200900099, PMID: 19774556, Ulrich Schlemmer 1, Wenche Frølich, Rafel M Prieto, Felix Grases https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19774556/
69Changes in phytates and HCl extractability of calcium, phosphorus, and iron of soaked, dehulled, cooked, and sprouted pigeon pea cultivar (UPAS-120), PubMed, September 2009, Schlemmer U, Frølich W, Prieto RM, Grases F. Phytate in foods and significance for humans: food sources, intake, processing, bioavailability, protective role and analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Sep;53 Suppl 2:S330-75. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200900099, PMID: 19774556, Ulrich Schlemmer 1, Wenche Frølich, Rafel M Prieto, Felix Grases , Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Instituteof Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany, ulrich.schlemmer@mri.bund.de, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19774556/
Ceci est le résumé que vous pouvez trouver dans Motherhat IV1,, avec tous les nutriments dont vous avez besoin pour combattre le Covid-19 et la plupart des maladies, ainsi que les suppléments que vous devez éviter. Pour les sources, consultez les livres de la série Motherhat2,, ainsi que dans Dandhea Book I part III. 3
Nos corps ne sont pas des plantes capables de fabriquer tous leurs propres nutriments à partir des éléments, mais ils préfèrent fabriquer eux-mêmes leurs nutriments, non pas à partir de rien, comme les menuisiers, mais plutôt à l’instar de la façon dont nous construisons nos meubles à partir de matériaux achetés chez IKEA. C’est en quelque sorte tout fait, mais nous devons encore le terminer, avec suffisamment d’espace de jeu pour pouvoir l’adapter exactement à nos besoins. C’est le genre de nutriments que fournissent les plantes.
Nos corps sont comme des couturiers qui ne tissent pas eux-mêmes et qui ne veulent pas de vêtements du commerce, mais de belles matières avec lesquelles ils peuvent réaliser tout ce qu’ils veulent, et les plantes donnent ces matières, tout comme notre corps les préfère.
La viande ressemble plus à des vêtements disponibles dans le commerce. Notre corps s’en sort, mais il préfère les plantes. Avec le bon timing, en les combinant, en les préparant et en les planifiant, notre corps en profite.
La maladie est souvent causée par des carences ou des surcharges nutritionnelles. Le Covid-19 ressemble non seulement à de nombreuses carences nutritionnelles, mais il est également guéri lorsque celles-ci sont corrigées.
Motherhat (anglais pour “chapeau de mère”) est l’acronyme d’un moyen d’obtenir tous les nutriments, naturellement et délicieusement, prévenant et guérissant de nombreuses maladies, parmi lesquelles le Covid. Bien que les preuves de son efficacité puissent être accablantes et compliquées, la pratique est étonnamment simple et montre la sagesse des recettes traditionnelles.
“M” La gravité de Covid-19 a été liée à l’épuisement des bactéries bénéfiques dans notre microbiome, ce qui est le point de départ idéal, car les aliments sains contiennent des fibres saines qui développent des microbes sains qui vous donnent envie d’aliments sains, ce qui signifie que vous mangez des aliments sains simplement en suivre votre appétit, ce qui signifie aussi que cela vous rend heureux, et les protéines du bonheur sont cruciales pour la guérison.
Notre microbiome, le « M » de Motherhat, est un trésor qui fabrique lui-même de nombreux nutriments dont nous avons besoin. C’est un jardin paradisiaque que nous portons en nous et sur nous où nous cultivons notre propre nourriture. Tout ce que nous devons faire, c’est ne pas le gâcher. Mais même si nous le faisons, nous pouvons le reconstruire avec des pré et probiotiques.
L’astuce préférée d’un voleur est de fermer les yeux sur la beauté de ce que vous possédez, afin que vous ne remarquiez pas ce qu’il vous vole.
Ainsi, la valeur précieuse de notre microbiome est souvent minimisée. Mais si vous approfondissez vos recherches, vous découvrirez que c’est bien plus étonnant que vous n’auriez pu l’imaginer. Elles constituent une liste impressionnante de vitamines, leurs bienfaits pour la santé incluent la guérison du cancer et des maladies cardiovasculaires, et elles influencent même la production d’hormones du bonheur dans notre cerveau ! De plus, sans un microbiome sain, nous ne pouvons pas tolérer des aliments sains et nous entrons dans un cercle vicieux de mauvaise santé à cause de cela. Prévenez cela, guérissez-le en commençant par votre microbiome. Chérissez votre microbiome. Vous pouvez le faire de différentes manières, selon l’endroit où vous vous trouvez.
Donnez à votre microbiome intestinal les prébiotiques et probiotiques dont il a besoin. Pour le microbiome de votre bouche, utilisez un dentifrice et un bain de bouche qui ciblent les agents pathogènes et non les bonnes bactéries (voir Motherhat I d.1.2.b.2.2. et Dandhea Book I Part III). 7.1.2.b.2.2.) et pour votre peau, utilisez des produits de soin qui protègent le microbiome de votre peau. Trouvez des recettes pour prendre soin du microbiome cutané dans Motherhat I d.1.3. Dandhea Livre I Partie III 7.1.3. Pas les recettes habituelles, mais des recettes plus luxueuses que celles des plus grandes marques commerciales. Pourquoi le naturel devrait-il être clair ? Votre peau et vos cheveux seront plus beaux que jamais. Pas de produits chimiques, juste des fleurs, du vinaigre et des huiles essentielles qui correspondent parfaitement aux parfums stimulants des protéines du bonheur, pas par conception, mais c’est ainsi que fonctionne l’intégrité. Les choses se mettent en place. Et bien sûr circulaire. Nous voulons être sur terre comme les bonnes bactéries de notre corps, ne faisant que du bien.
Nos microbes influencent les aliments dont nous avons envie, donc une façon intelligente d’améliorer votre santé consiste à réduire votre appétit en inondant votre système de probiotiques. Le kéfir et le kombucha en sont d’excellentes sources.
Les probiotiques ne peuvent pas être traités ou chauffés. Environ 83 pour cent des cultures pourraient être tuées en 30 minutes ou moins à 145 ° F. (soit 62,8 ° C) Les temps de mort thermique à 136 ° F (soit 57,8 ° C)
Les prébiotiques sont la nourriture des probiotiques. Chaque prébiotique améliore son propre probiotique, il est donc important d’avoir une variété de prébiotiques dans votre menu. La différence entre les probiotiques et les pathogènes ? Les probiotiques vous nourrissent et vous soutiennent, les agents pathogènes vous mangent et vous rendent malade!
Les GOS sont des prébiotiques qui peuvent grandement stimuler les bifidobactéries et les lactobacilles. Les bactéries bifido sont à l’origine de 7 des 8 vitamines B, toutes sauf la vitamine B5. Le microbiome résident Lacto bacillus Bifidus produit 7 des 8 vitamines B, à savoir la vitamine B1, la thiamine, la vitamine B2, la riboflavine, la vitamine B3, la niacine, la vitamine B6, la pyridoxine, la vitamine B7, la biotine, la vitamine B9, le folate et la vitamine B12, la cobalamine. . On le trouve également dans le Kéfir d’eau, le Kéfir de lait. Kombucha, babeurre et choucroute
Des études montrent que le GOS augmente les réponses immunitaires contre le Covid-19 Le GOS se trouve dans les fibres des haricots, des lentilles, des légumes et des légumes-racines. Pour 100 grammes de prébiotiques que nous consommons, 30 grammes de probiotiques sont formés. les prébiotiques sont définis par la stabilité. Mais il faut les laisser dedans. La vitamine B5, acide pantothénique, est fabriquée par Lactaris et R. torques) (Firmicutes) ; Salmonella enterica et Helicobacter pylori (protéobactéries) qui sont également des résidents permanents de notre microbiome.
Lactobacillus lactis, nécessaire à la fabrication de la vitamine K2 à partir de la vitamine K1. est un microbe invité qui doit être réintroduit chaque jour et ne s’installe jamais définitivement dans notre microbiome. C’est dans le vinaigre de cidre de pomme, la choucroute, le kéfir d’eau, le kombucha, le babeurre, le kéfir de lait et le yaourt. Combinez la vitamine K1 et le Lactobacillus lactis pour fabriquer du K2 à partir de K1, La vitamine K1 se trouve dans le persil, la bette à carde, le chou frisé, les feuilles de moutarde, les feuilles de pissenlit, les feuilles de betterave, le chou vert, le brocoli, le chou, les pruneaux, le kiwi, les haricots verts et l’avocat.
La vitamine K1, la phylloquinone, est sensible à la lumière, aux conditions alcalines et à l’air, mais n’est pas détruite par la chaleur de cuisson.
Le yaourt, ou mieux encore, le kéfir de lait (source de Lactobacillus lactis) n’est-il pas beaucoup plus agréable avec quelques fruits (source de vitamine K1) ?
Et là, vous prenez un bon petit-déjeuner.
Et le chou frisé (une source de vitamine K1) n’est-il pas beaucoup plus agréable avec du vinaigre de cidre de pomme (une source de Lactobacillus lactis), du sel (qui aide à l’absorption de la vitamine C-LAA) et de l’huile d’olive (qui aide à mieux absorber les minéraux comme le magnésium et le zinc) ? En règle générale, ce qui est plus sain est aussi plus savoureux ! La vitamine C-LAA est mieux absorbée avec un peu de sel. Le bêta-carotène est mieux absorbé avec un peu d’huile d’olive, tout comme le fer et le magnésium.
Et voilà votre vinaigrette la plus basique ! Qui aurait pensé qu’une salade avec une vinaigrette de qualité était bien plus saine qu’une sans ?
Les fructanes stimulent la croissance des lactobacilles et des bifidobactéries et diminuent les agents pathogènes.
Les sources alimentaires de fructanes sont l’orge, le topinambour, l’ail, les oignons, les échalotes, le seigle, le artichaut, le blé, les oignons espagnols, les poireaux et les racines de betterave. Des études montrent que les fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) sont capables de réduire les effets secondaires des vaccins contre le Covid-19. Comme le GOS, le FOS stimule considérablement la croissance des souches probiotiques de Bifidobacterium
Les sources alimentaires FOS sont la racine de chicorée, le topinambour, le pissenlit, les poireaux, l’ail, la racine de yacon, les oignons, la racine de bardane, les asperges, le blé, la banane et l’orge. L’inuline stimule la croissance et l’activité des bactéries productrices de SCFA. SCFA signifie Acides Gras à Chaîne Courte. Ce sont des acides gras avec une chaîne pouvant contenir jusqu’à 6 atomes de carbone.
Des études montrent que l’inuline réduit la gravité du Covid-19. Les sources alimentaires d’inuline sont : racine de bardane, racine de chicorée, topinambour, feuilles de pissenlit, ail, poireaux, blé, asperges, seigle, banane et orge. La pectine améliore les niveaux de sucre et de graisse dans le sang, tue les cellules cancéreuses, favorise un poids santé et améliore la digestion.
Les pectines améliorent la survie des espèces probiotiques Lactobacillus fermentum PCC, L. reuteri RC-14, L. rhamnosus LGG et L. paracasei F-19. Pour leurs nombreux bienfaits pour la santé, voir Motherhat I, chapitre d.1.3.3.a. Pectine et Dandhea Livre I Partie III Chapitre 7.d.1.3.3.a. Les polysaccharides de pectine provenant des parois cellulaires végétales naturelles modulent l’immunité contre le SRAS-CoV-2 grâce à la libération de cytokines telles que le TNF-α et l’IL-6, à l’activité anti-inflammatoire et à la phagocytose accrue des macrophages. Les sources alimentaires de pectine sont : le zeste de citron, le zeste d’orange, l’églantier, le pamplemousse, la goyave, la pomme, les carottes, les abricots et les cerises. La gravité de la maladie Covid-19 est également liée à une carence en Oméga-6-LA. L’étude de Bristol a pu le cartographier, ainsi que le remède : Omega-6-LA. Le bêta-glucane est bénéfique contre la résistance à l’insuline, la dyslipidémie, l’hypertension et l’obésité.
Le bêta-glucane stimule Lactobacillus brevis, et Lactobacillus plantarum (voir Motherhat III Chapitre d.1.3.3.b et Dandhea Book I Pat III Chapitre 7. 1.3.3.b pour leurs bienfaits) et en général tous les probiotiques en les rendant plus résistants à des circonstances hostiles telles qu’une chaleur accrue, une acidité accrue, des conditions intestinales défavorables et une dégénérescence influencée par le temps. Des études montrent que le bêta-glucane guérit et prévient le Covid-19. Les sources alimentaires de bêta-glucane sont les chanterelles, les shiitakes, les pleurotes des neiges, les pleurotes roses, les pleurotes italiens, les pleurotes jaunes, les pleurotes royaux, les champignons de Paris blancs, les champignons de Paris bruns, l’avoine, l’orge et le blé. Bêta-glucane : les ennemis détruisent les protéines des pois et des lentilles La fermentation résistante de l’amidon favorise la production de butyrate, un métabolite bactérien majeur fondamental pour maintenir l’intestin en bonne santé et fonctionner normalement. Le butyrate est le carburant préféré des cellules qui tapissent l’intestin et assure l’intégrité de la paroi intestinale, contribuant ainsi à la protéger contre le cancer et d’autres maladies digestives graves. Eubacterium rectale fait partie du microbiote intestinal qui produit du butyrate lorsqu’il décompose l’amidon résistant. Les amidons résistants peuvent également nourrir des bactéries (comme Ruminococcus bromii) qui, à leur tour, produisent du carburant pour les bactéries productrices de butyrate (comme Faecalibacterium prausnitzii). Lorsque les bactéries produisent des substances qui nourrissent d’autres bonnes bactéries, on parle d’alimentation croisée.
Les amidons résistants aident à restaurer le microbiome intestinal, qui nous protège du Covid-19. Les sources d’aliments à base d’amidon résistant sont les haricots, les bananes vertes, les flocons d’avoine, les pommes de terre cuites et refroidies, le riz cuit et refroidi et les lentilles. Les flavonoïdes modifient la structure de la communauté microbienne intestinale, notamment des niveaux accrus d’Akkermansia muciniphila, qui semblent conférer des avantages métaboliques. Les flavonoïdes influencent également la production du microbiote intestinal d’acides gras à chaîne courte (SCFA, jusqu’à 6 carbones de longueur)
Les sources alimentaires de flavonoïdes sont le cacao, le thé (blanc, vert, oolong et noir 4), les baies bleues, les citrons, les oranges, les mandarines, les pommes, les bananes et les carottes. La quercétine en association avec le bifidus inhibe le cancer du côlon.
La quercétine améliore la fonction de barrière intestinale et module la composition du microbiote intestinal. La quercétine est fermentée en plusieurs métabolites dans l’intestin par de nombreuses espèces microbiennes intestinales. Ces métabolites sont des substances utiles qui sont diffusées dans la circulation sanguine pour être distribuées aux différents organes où s’exercent leurs activités biologiques. Pour les nombreuses fonctions prébiotiques de Quentin, voir le chapitre d.1.3.4.a.1.1.
La quercétine est utile pour lutter contre le Covid en tant qu’ionophore de zinc mais possède également ses propres propriétés anti-Covid.
Les sources alimentaires de quercétine sont les câpres et les baies de sureau. Dille, Aloe Vera, Coriandre, Oignons, Canneberges, Laitue rouge, Oignons rouges, Asperges, Chou frisé, Poivrons rouges, Laitue romaine, Poivrons verts, Airelles rouges, Cacao. La lutéoline est un puissant bloqueur de l’entrée des cellules du SRAS-CoV-2. La lutéoline possède des propriétés antioxydantes, antitumorales et anti-inflammatoires. La lutéoline est un prébiotique pour Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus.
L. rhamnosus améliore le taux de survie en motivant les réponses immunitaires humorales et cellulaires et en améliorant la résistance contre l’infection par le virus de la grippe.
Les sources alimentaires de lutéoline sont l’origan, le romarin, le thym, le radicchio, le céleri chinois, le persil, la sauge, la menthe poivrée, les poivrons verts crus (piment fort), le piment Serrano cru, le romarin frais, les citrons crus sans peau, les piments jalapeno, le céleri cru, le chou-rave cru. , Épinards crus, poivrons verts, poivrons rouges, betteraves crues, choux de Bruxelles crus et carottes crues.
“O” Avec les Omega, le « O » de Motherhat, nous avons les clés pour que nos fabuleuses cellules puissent recevoir tous les trésors que notre microbiome et notre alimentation ont à offrir en gardant nos membranes cellulaires à la parfaite fluidité et perméabilité, puisqu’elles résident dans tout les membranes cellulaires de tout notre corps. La confusion et les idées fausses à propos des Oméga sont choquantes, surtout parce que tout notre système immunitaire dépend de ces deux nutriments voisins, un terme de relation entre les nutriments expliqué au chapitre d.7.b.1. Le système immunitaire inné sur les Oméga-6-LA , le système immunitaire acquis sur les oméga-3-ALA, et contrairement aux vitamines produites par le microbiome, nous ne pouvons les obtenir que par l’alimentation. Il existe des moyens sains et malsains d’obtenir des oméga-6-LA, et ils doivent être équilibrés avec des oméga-3-ALA. Chapitre d.2. vous montre comment faire cela. L’oméga-6-ALA est présent dans pratiquement toutes les noix et graines, vous l’obtenez sans essayer. Les noix ont un équilibre 1:4 idéal et sain pour le cœur entre les oméga-3-ALA et les oméga-6-LA. Les autres sources d’oméga-6-LA sont les graines de chanvre, les graines de pavot, les graines de tournesol, les graines de sésame, les graines de citrouille, les graines de chia, les graines de fax, les graines de moutarde, l’huile de noix, l’huile d’olive, l’huile d’avocat, les noix, les noix du Brésil, les noix de pécan, les arachides, Pistaches et Noisettes,
Les oméga-3-ALA peuvent être trouvés dans les graines de lin, les graines de chia, les graines de chanvre, les noix et les graines de moutarde noire et blanche. Nous avons besoin d’un microbiome intact pour pouvoir digérer les oméga-3-ALA provenant de sources saines.
Les façons malsaines d’obtenir des oméga-6-LA sont lorsqu’il ne s’agit pas du tout d’oméga-6-LA, mais d’un dérivé d’oméga-6-LA, comme l’oméga-6-ARA, ou lorsqu’il s’agit d’oméga-6-LA frelatés, un gras trans, qui rend la membrane cellulaire imperméable plutôt que perméable. L’oméga-6-LA est également problématique s’il n’est pas équilibré avec l’oméga-3-ALA, ce qui se produit facilement, puisqu’on dit aux gens que cela se trouve dans le poisson, alors que ce n’est pas du tout dans le poisson. Ce qu’il y a dans le poisson, ce sont des Oméga-3-EPA et des Oméga-3-DHA, et après préparation, même cela n’y est pas, car il se détériore à 50 degrés Celsius, ce qui est une chance, car nous en avons besoin de très peu, et le le corps produit tout ce dont il a besoin à partir des Oméga-3-ALA.
Ces nouveaux termes sont nécessaires pour savoir de quoi on parle, puisque les termes officiels sont partout, utilisant les mêmes abréviations pour des huiles complètement différentes, et une bouillie de noms différents pour les mêmes. Ainsi, ALA est également une abréviation utilisée pour l’acide alpha-lipoïque, une graisse saturée que le corps synthétise lui-même, et bien que les termes acide linoléique et acide linolénique soient suffisamment proches pour prêter à confusion, mais pour rendre la confusion complète, Gamma-Linolénique- L’acide est un acide gras oméga-6, tandis que l’acide alpha-linolénique est un oméga-3. Il existe d’autres nouveaux termes, et ils sont répertoriés sous 6.a. dans la liste de référence.
La recherche indique que l’Omega-3-ALA est stable pendant la cuisson et la transformation. Mais Johanna Budwig a traité l’acide alpha-linolénique comme s’il était très réactif, conseillant même de manger du lin moulu.
graines en 20 minutes, car c’est à cette vitesse qu’elle a dit qu’elles se détérioreraient, rien qu’en les broyant ! Pour être sûr, je prends mes dépassements crus. Je n’ai jamais remarqué qu’ils allaient mal. L’oméga-6-LA est également stable pendant le chauffage, bien que certaines sources affirment qu’il est intrinsèquement instable. Peut-être est-ce dû au fait que les dérivées sont instables et qu’elles utilisent les conclusions de l’une pour l’autre ? Pour être sûr, je mange les graines et les noix des oméga-6-LA crues, mais je ne m’inquiète pas de la présence des oméga-6LA dans l’huile d’olive lorsque je l’utilise pour la cuisine, car la recherche indique qu’elle peut les gérer.
Parmi les graisses insaturées, l’huile d’olive biologique pressée à froid forme le moins de gras trans lorsqu’elle est chauffée.
Les acides gras saturés sont stables lorsqu’ils sont chauffés pendant de courtes périodes, mais après de longues périodes (8 heures), ils se dégradent. A utiliser avec parcimonie cependant. Ils étouffent encore les cellules, et aucun d’entre eux n’est un nutriment essentiel puisque nous les synthétisons nous-mêmes.
“T” Désormais, avec le microbiome intact, les membranes cellulaires prêtes et le système immunitaire équipé, si nous ressentons des symptômes de Covid, toute réponse ciblée, le premier « T » de Motherhat, a beaucoup plus de chances de réussir.
Ce virus est si faible que le thé chaud aux feuilles d’olivier et l’huile essentielle d’Eucalyptus Globulus le détruisent déjà. Mais si ces remèdes simples ne sont pas appliqués, cela fait des ravages dans les corps empoisonnés et déficients en nutriments. Et il n’y a pas que le thé chaud aux feuilles d’olivier et l’huile essentielle d’Eucalyptus Globulus comme réponse ciblée. Il y en a beaucoup d’autres, comme indiqué dans le chapitre d.3 de Motherhat II. ou Dandhea Livre I partie II Chapitre 7.3. et Motherhat III chapitre d.7.a. Ou Dandhea Livre I chapitre 7.3.a, utilisant la méthode désormais scientifiquement prouvée de Revici, consistant à utiliser les Oméga pour délivrer des substances curatives aux parties malades de votre corps, combinée avec la méthode désormais scientifiquement prouvée de Treben, d’infusions de plantes, pour la guérison. La benzophénone aide à lutter contre l’essoufflement, c’est ce que mon père a découvert 50 ans avant que cela ne soit prouvé scientifiquement. Beaucoup de gens peuvent être aidés en 50 ans, vous pouvez donc être grandement aidés par des choses qui ne sont pas manifestement antiscientifiques. Pas encore prouvé scientifiquement n’est pas la même chose que non scientifique. Cela n’a peut-être pas encore été prouvé, ou est hors de portée de la science, et quelque chose pour lequel des bases morales devraient s’appliquer afin de les accepter ou de les rejeter. Si quelque chose apporte seulement la guérison et ne compromet pas la morale, il n’y a aucune raison de le rejeter. Et pourtant, ce sont précisément ces choses manifestement non scientifiques et immorales qui sont maintenant qualifiées de scientifiques, alors que la science éprouvée est qualifiée de non scientifique ! Cela doit changer ! Les sources alimentaires de benzophénone sont le plantago, le sureau, la propolis, le thé noir, le fruit de la passion, le cherimoya et le corossol.
“HER” Maria Treben était capable de guérir les gens uniquement avec des infusions de plantes. Plus de 70 herbes, qu’elle a utilisées pour la plupart et qui ont toutes des propriétés anti-Covid prouvées ou qui font encore l’objet de recherches, sont mélangées dans sept délicieux mélanges, un pour chaque jour, afin d’en tirer pleinement parti. sans en abuser, le programme de rotation des herbes, le « Elle » dans Motherhat.
Le programme est Sunday Seed, Monday Root, Tuesday Leaf, Wednesday Herb, Friday Flower, Friday Wood et Saturday Fruit, avec les couleurs de l’arc-en-ciel et du blanc pour samedi comme guide pour une touche agréable.
Les polyphénols sont généralement résistants à la chaleur et encore plus puissants à des températures allant jusqu’à 100 degrés Celsius. Ainsi, contrairement à de nombreuses vitamines, ils ne sont pas perdus au cours du processus de brassage. L’herbe entière est toujours plus puissante que le supplément, même si l’ingrédient bénéfique fait partie du supplément, ce qui n’est généralement pas le cas.
“H” Les protéines du bonheur, qui nous amènent au « H » de Motherhat, jouent un rôle si important dans l’immunité qu’elles peuvent suffire à elles seules, et sans elles, même les meilleures thérapies échouent. C’est pourquoi une attitude et une conviction fondées sur la compassion sont si essentielles, et ne pas être stricts quant au respect de ces règles, et surtout ne pas les imposer aux autres. Un système d’alimentation et de soins pour une santé optimale sans une mentalité détendue à ce sujet va à l’encontre de l’objectif !
Même les protéines du bonheur sont influencées par le microbiome. Un mauvais rince-bouche tue les microbes qui transforment le nitrate en oxyde nitrique, une substance centrale pour la dopamine et la sérotonine. Trouvez une recette de dentifrice et de rince-bouche non toxiques bénéfiques pour les microbes au chapitre d.1.2.b.2.1. et d.1.2.b.2.2. L’oxyde nitrique est si important pour la production de protéines du bonheur que de nombreux aliments favorisant les protéines du bonheur le sont car ils améliorent l’absorption de l’oxyde nitrique d’une manière ou d’une autre. Et le plus cool, c’est que nous l’obtenons par la respiration nasale, ce qui est également important pour de nombreuses autres raisons. Sans un microbiome sain, le nitrate n’est pas transformé en oxyde nitrique et provoque le cancer et le diabète, donc comme l’oméga-3-ALA, il est un de ces aliments pour lesquels nous avons besoin d’un microbiome sain pour pouvoir digérer. Les nutriments pour la dopamine, la protéine de récompense, sont : la vitamine B9, la vitamine B12, la tyrosine, la phénylalanine et la L-dopa.
Nutriments pour la dopamine et Sérotonine : sont la Citrulline. et l’oxyde nitrique. La citrulline se trouve dans la pastèque, les courges amères, la courge, les noix, les pois chiches, la citrouille et le concombre.
L’oxyde nitrique est une molécule instable qui se dégrade rapidement dans le sang, elle doit donc être constamment reconstituée.
Aliments augmentant le niveau d’oxyde nitrique et d’oxyde nitrique : L-argénine,
Les nitrates contenus dans les légumes produisent de l’oxyde nitrique, qui augmente les niveaux de sérotonine et de dopamine. Le nitrate, un composé présent dans certains légumes, est l’une des nombreuses raisons pour lesquelles les légumes sont sains pour la santé. Les légumes riches en nitrate comprennent Céleri Cresson Cerfeuil Laitue Betterave Épinard Roquette
La respiration nasale produit également de l’oxyde nitrique. Augmentez votre consommation d’antioxydants pour augmenter la stabilité et limiter la dégradation de l’oxyde nitrique La vitamine C-LAA est un puissant antioxydant. Vous le trouvez dans les fruits et légumes, pas dans les suppléments. Les suppléments contiennent de la vitamine C-DAA, qui ne fait rien.
Les nutriments pour la sérotonine, le stabilisateur de l’humeur, sont : la vitamine B9, le folate et la vitamine B12, la cobalamine, à ne pas confondre avec leurs jumeaux synthétiques maléfiques, la fausse vitamine B9, l’acide folique et la fausse vitamine B12, la cyanocobalamine. qui non seulement ne remplissent pas les fonctions des vitamines, mais sont également toxiques.
En fait, évitez toutes les fausses vitamines synthétiques, divisées ici selon leurs niveaux de toxicité : (voir Motherhat IV d.7.b.5.1. Échelle de toxicité et d.7.b.6. facteurs de confusion. et Dandhea Book I Part III Chapitres 7.7.b.5.1. Échelle de toxicité et 7.7.b.6. Facteurs de confusion) Parfois, il s’agit de dérivés alors que nous avons besoin de la forme mère. Parfois, il s’agit de formes synthétiques, qui sont déjà mauvaises car elles ne font pas ce que fait le véritable nutriment. Et parfois, ces formes synthétiques sont toxiques en elles-mêmes. Les dérivés peuvent également être toxiques, même si le corps les fabrique lui-même, soit parce qu’ils sont très instables, soit parce que le corps en a besoin à un moment et en quantité précis, ce qu’il ne peut gérer que s’il peut les fabriquer lui-même quand il en a besoin. Et parce qu’il est conçu pour produire autant qu’il en a besoin quand il en a besoin, il n’a aucun moyen de stocker l’excès de manière bénéfique, donc l’excès provoque une inflammation, ce qui est exactement ce qui se produit si vous prenez des dérivés au lieu des formes parentales. Formes inertes Vitamine C-DAA, qui est synthétique et ne guérit même pas le scorbut, contrairement à la vraie Vitamine C-LAA,
Les principales sources alimentaires de vitamine C-LAA, par ordre décroissant, sont : les prunes kakadu, les cynorrhodons, les cerises acérola, les goyaves, les poivrons jaunes, les piments, les cassis, le persil, les épinards moutarde, les poivrons rouges, le chou frisé, les choux de Bruxelles, le brocoli, le vert. poivrons et kiwis.
1.tsd 1 dérivés perturbants Vitamine A, Vitamine D orale, Oméga-3-EPA et Oméga-3-DHA Ne prenez pas de vitamine A, de rétinol. Prenez du bêta-carotène provenant de sources alimentaires naturelles et non de suppléments. Le bêta-carotène provenant des suppléments n’est pas le bêta-carotène Cis naturel et bénéfique que l’on trouve dans les fruits et légumes, mais le trans-bêta-carotène nocif, qui est synthétique.
La vitamine D provenant des suppléments n’est pas la même que la vitamine D provenant du soleil. La vitamine D provenant des suppléments est nocive, la vitamine D du soleil est bénéfique. Pour savoir combien de temps vous devez rester au soleil pour obtenir le RDA, consultez la carte solaire UV pour D dans Motherhat III au chapitre d.6.D.1. ou Dandhea Livre I partie II chapitre 7.6.D.1. C’est étonnamment court, et nous pouvons stocker l’excédent assez longtemps, même pour que les personnes proches des pôles Nord et Sud puissent passer les mois d’hiver sans épuiser leurs niveaux de vitamine D, à condition qu’elles aient suffisamment de soleil en été, ce qui est très facile à faire. . Nous avons besoin de la plupart de nos oméga-3 sous la forme mère d’Omega-3-ALA. À partir de là, le corps peut produire autant d’Omega-3-DHA et d’Omega-EPA qu’il en a besoin, ce qui ne représente que quelques pour cent. Cependant, il ne peut pas ramener les oméga-3-DHA ou oméga-3-EPA à leur forme mère. Pour les bénéfiques Omega-3-ALA et Omega-6-LA. Pour les sources alimentaires d’oméga-3-ALA et comment les manger en équilibre avec les oméga-6-LA, voir Dandhea Book III, partie I, chapitre 1, Dandhea Book I, partie II, chapitre 7.6.2.2. ou Motherhat I chapitre d.2.2. 2. tsd2 sources toxiques d’oméga, si l’huile est OGM ou pleine de gras trans, à quoi sert-elle s’il y a des oméga-6-LA dans une huile, ou si une huile a l’équilibre parfait d’oméga-3-ALA et d’oméga- 6-LA ? Pour voir quelles graisses sont saines, voir Dandhea Book I Part I chapitre I et Book I part III Chapter 7.2 ou Motherhat I chapitre d.2.
3.tsd3. formes dommageables confondues avec les formes vraies: Trans bêta-carotène au lieu du cis bêta-carotène naturel, niacinamide synthétique au lieu de la vraie Niacine ou Acide nicotinique, Vitamine B3.
Fausse vitamine B9, acide folique, qui est toxique et arrête la vraie vitamine B9, le folate. Fausse vitamine B12, cyanocobalamine synthétique, avec méthylcobalamine, vitamine B12, fausse vitamine E mono au lieu de la vraie vitamine E octo Informations trompeuses sur la façon de les obtenir.
Cela ne nous dit pas que toutes les vitamines B sont fabriquées par le microbiome. Nous dire que la vitamine B est omniprésente dans les aliments, mais ne pas nous dire qu’elle s’infiltre dans tout ce dans quoi nous la chauffons, de sorte que vous devez également la consommer pour en tirer pleinement parti. Voir Dandhea Livre I Partie III
Chapitre 7.6.B et Motherhat III chapitre d.6.B.
Prétendre que les probiotiques synthétiques sont aussi bons que les probiotiques naturels. Ils ne sont pas. Les probiotiques synthétiques sont nocifs, les probiotiques naturels sont incroyablement bénéfiques. Trouvez-les dans Motherhat I Chapitre d. I et dans Dandhea Livre III chapitre 7.1. Un nutriment pour l’ocytocine, la Love Protein, est. Magnésium. Le magnésium améliore la fonction des récepteurs de l’ocytocine et entretient une relation de bascule avec le cortisol. Le magnésium est l’âme sœur du potassium. Le magnésium est amélioré par le bore. Ennemis : inhibés par le calcium et l’acide phytique Les sources alimentaires de magnésium sont : les graines de citrouille, le cacao cru, le cacao torréfié, les amandes, Graines de lin, graines de sésame, noix de cajou, graines de chia, Sarrasin, Pignons De Pin, Boulgour, Noisettes, Noix, noix de pécan, graines de tournesol et épinards crus Les nutriments pour l’endorphine, The Pain Killer, sont : Chocolat noir, Graisses, glucides, Vitamine C-LAA, Aliments épicés, Rhodiola (utilisez la Rhodiola avec parcimonie, elle est très forte) Le Panax ginseng et la gousse de vanille sont des antidépresseurs naturels. Les comportements qui stimulent la dopamine sont : l’atteinte d’objectifs, la gratitude, le temps passé dans la nature, la prière, la nouveauté, la beauté, la respiration nasale. Les comportements qui stimulent la production de sérotonine sont : l’exercice régulier, la gratitude, le fait de s’attarder sur des souvenirs heureux, la prière positive, les interactions sociales agréables et la respiration nasale. Les comportements qui stimulent la production d’ocytocine sont : la gentillesse, un câlin consensuel, la danse, le massage, les liens avec les proches de quelque manière que ce soit, peuvent également se faire via les réseaux sociaux. Les comportements qui stimulent la production d’endorphines sont : faire de l’exercice, rire, écouter de la musique, danser et toucher. Les parfums qui stimulent la production de dopamine sont la bergamote, la lavande et le citron. Les parfums qui stimulent la production de sérotonine sont la bergamote, la lavande et le citron. Les parfums qui stimulent la production d’ocytocine sont la lavande, le néroli et l’absolu de jasmin. Camomille romaine, sauge sclarée et bois de santal indien. Les parfums qui stimulent la production d’endorphines sont la vanille, la rose, le jasmin et la lavande.
Les protéines du bonheur sont discutées dans Motherhat II d.5 et Dandhea Book I partie III chapitre 7.5. Pourquoi les appeler protéines et non neurotransmetteurs ? Car certains ne sont pas des neurotransmetteurs mais des hormones, mais ce sont toutes des protéines.
“A” La carence de la plupart des nutriments a été associée à une gravité accrue du Covid-19. Alors, les vitamines sont-elles un remède contre le Covid, ou le Covid est-il une conséquence de carences nutritionnelles ? Quelle que soit la réponse, la solution est la même : prévenir et guérir le Covid-19 avec des nutriments sains issus de sources biologiques. Il est difficile de trouver un nutriment sain qui n’agisse pas contre le Covid-19, ce qui nous amène au « A » de Motherhat, les nutriments supplémentaires.
En même temps, il est tout aussi difficile de déterminer quels sont les nutriments sains. Deux noms différents pour les vitamines signifient souvent que l’un d’eux est une tentative synthétique et infructueuse de copie d’une vitamine qui n’a pas les propriétés ou les avantages de la vitamine qu’elle tente d’imiter. C’est pourquoi je parle de vitamine C-LAA, car c’est la vraie vitamine C. La vitamine C-DAA que l’on trouve souvent dans les suppléments ne guérit même pas le scorbut ! La vitamine C-LAA se trouve dans les cynorhodons, les cerises acérola, les goyaves, les poivrons jaunes, les piments, les cassis, le persil, les épinards moutarde, les poivrons rouges, le chou frisé, les choux de Bruxelles, le brocoli, les poivrons verts et les kiwis.
La destruction la plus élevée de l’acide ascorbique ou vitamine C-LAA se produit à des températures comprises entre 85 et 95°C, surtout après 10 minutes de cuisson.
Les conseils officiels sur la façon de prendre des vitamines sont souvent incompatibles avec les recherches scientifiques évaluées par des pairs. Je pensais que les recherches contredisant les informations officielles concernaient uniquement Omega. Mais certaines recherches contredisent les informations officielles sur chaque vitamine. Heureusement, il est possible d’accéder à des recherches fiables, et c’est ce que j’ai partagé ici d’une manière facilement applicable. Non seulement tous les nutriments répertoriés dans Motherhat guérissent le Covid-19, mais beaucoup d’entre eux présentent également des symptômes de carence qui correspondent au Covid-19. Citons-en quelques-uns.
Le Covid ressemble beaucoup à une carence en zinc, qui est causée par une surcharge en calcium, provoquée par une supplémentation en vitamine D, qui est conseillée comme prévention contre le Covid, tandis que la supplémentation orale en vitamine D est toujours une mauvaise idée. Vous devriez obtenir de la vitamine D grâce au soleil. Et vous n’avez même pas besoin d’y rester très longtemps, comme on peut le voir dans la carte solaire UV pour D du chapitre d.6.D de Motherhat III. 1 et Dandhea Livre I partie III chapitre 7.6.D.1. Vous n’êtes pas non plus obligé d’être presque nu. Même les yeux peuvent suffire, sans regarder le soleil bien sûr.
Pour obtenir de la vitamine D grâce au soleil, qui est le seul moyen sain, vous avez besoin de cholestérol. Les statines bloquent le cholestérol, une substance précieuse qui aide là où d’autres éléments ne font pas leur travail, et qui est blâmée pour les dégâts, alors qu’elle ne fait qu’essayer de réparer ce que d’autres font de mal. C’est pourquoi on l’appelle ici un nutriment d’urgence, qui intervient partout où il y a une urgence, tout en ayant ses propres tâches extrêmement importantes. Les tâches importantes que le cholestérol a normalement sont celles de fabriquer de la vitamine D ainsi que
h l’aide de la lumière du soleil et fabricant de toutes les hormones ainsi que de la gaine de myéline autour des cellules nerveuses.
Le cholestérol est fabriqué par la coenzyme a, qui est produite par la vitamine B5, ou l’acide pantothénique, qui est produit dans l’intestin, mais se trouve également dans les aliments suivants : champignons shiitake, graines de tournesol, lactosérum, champignons de Paris crus, avocats, arachides, germe de blé, camembert, noix, endives crues, brie, goyave, lait entier, yaourt entier, graines de sésame et kéfir.
On nous dit que les victimes de la mortalité due au Covid-19 manquent toutes de vitamine D. Les personnes âgées reçoivent constamment des statines et manquent donc de cholestérol, donc incapables de fabriquer de la vitamine D à partir du soleil, en plus de manquer toutes les tâches essentielles du cholestérol. . Pas étonnant qu’ils s’embrouillent et se brisent les os ! Combien de signes de vieillesse ne sont que des symptômes d’une surmédication ? Tres beaucoup!
Il y a tellement de facteurs qui influencent la formation de vitamine D qu’il serait étrangement myope de supposer immédiatement que toute carence en vitamine D provient d’un manque de soleil. Pas seulement les statines, mais aussi le sirop de maïs à haute teneur en fructose, le manque de vitamine B5, l’abus d’alcool, le tabagisme, tous ces facteurs et bien d’autres encore peuvent entraîner un manque de formation de vitamine D.
Et pourquoi testent-ils le sang pour la vitamine D ? C’est une hormone qui n’est presque jamais présente dans le sang, et toutes les cellules peuvent la produire à partir de la lumière du soleil, alors pourquoi aurait-elle besoin d’elle dans le sang ? Même si les gens présentaient des symptômes physiques de manque de vitamine D, qui se manifesteraient par de mauvaises dents et des os fragiles, de nombreuses causes pourraient encore en être la cause. C’est quelque chose à considérer dans toutes les carences. Cela ne doit pas nécessairement être causé par un nutriment déficient. Il peut s’agir d’une carence en l’un des nutriments dont il dépend pour son métabolisme, ou d’une surcharge d’un nutriment ennemi ou d’un nutriment de bascule. C’est pourquoi il est si important de comprendre comment les nutriments sont liés. (Voir Dandhea Book I partie III Chapitre 7.7.b.1. ou Motherhat III chapitre d.7.b1)
Ainsi, la vitamine D doit être prise dans le groupe Vitamine D pour des résultats optimaux. Groupe Vitamine D : 1. Vitamine D grâce à la lumière du soleil, 2. Vitamine B5 pour l’enzyme Co A pour le cholestérol, 3. Calcium, 4. Magnésium, 5. Vitamine K1. et Lactobacillus Lactis pour la vitamine K2, 6. Lysine 7. Phosphore 8. Soufre 9. Zinc 9.1 Les ionophores de zinc, 10. Bore Et la vitamine C-LAA dans le groupe Vitamine C, 1. Vitamine C-LAA, 2. Sodium, 3. Iode, 3.a. Sélénium, 4. Potassium, 5. Fer, 6. Cuivre, 7. Vitamine B.9.Folate, 8.Vitamine B12, Cobalamine. 9. Vitamine B6, Pyridoxine, Le tout avec des aliments biologiques, car ce qu’il y a dans les suppléments n’est généralement pas la vraie vitamine, et sabote même souvent la vraie vitamine ! Retrouvez-les tous dans Motherhat partie III et Dandhea livre I, partie III, ainsi que leurs sources de nourriture et les meilleures méthodes de préparation.
Toutes les vitamines B sont fabriquées dans l’intestin, mais les seules dont nous entendons parler sont celles qui sont sabotées par leurs faux jumeaux synthétiques maléfiques qui les bloquent, ou qui sont bloquées par certains aliments que nous consommons beaucoup.
Alors que la vitamine B3, ou niacine, est un moyen sain de contrôler le cholestérol, non pas à partir de suppléments, mais à partir de sources alimentaires. ce qu’il y a dans les suppléments, c’est de la fausse niacine, de la niacinamide. Cela bloque la vraie niacine, présente dans les flocons d’avoine, les graines de tournesol, les arachides, les graines de chia, le pain, les champignons, les graines de lin, le riz brun, les graines de citrouille, les haricots et les lentilles, les avocats et les noix.
De nombreux symptômes extra-pulmonaires du Covid-19 ressemblent étonnamment à ceux de la pellagre, d’une carence en vitamine B3 (par exemple, diarrhée, dermatite, manifestations de la cavité buccale et de la langue, perte de l’odorat et du goût, confusion mentale).5
Le Covid-19 ne ressemble pas seulement à une carence en vitamine B12, les symptômes du Covid 19 sont également atténués grâce aux aliments contenant de la vitamine B12.6 Et oui, les aliments biologiques contiennent plus qu’assez de nutriments pour nous guérir. C’est ce que nous savions intuitivement depuis des lustres, et cela a été démontré à maintes reprises par la recherche, notamment par celle du Dr William Li. 7
Comment pouvons-nous avoir une carence en vitamine B12 lorsque notre intestin la produit ? En raison de l’acide folique, nous sommes bombardés comme additif alimentaire et comme complément. L’acide folique n’est pas du folate, la vraie vitamine B9 que nous fabriquons nous-mêmes et que l’on trouve dans les aliments naturels, l’acide folique est à base d’huile, le folate est à base d’eau. Et comme la vitamine B12 est nécessaire à la synthèse de la vitamine B9 et du folate, si nous en avons un approvisionnement constant, stocké dans nos cellules adipeuses, où va tout l’acide folique, la vitamine B12 est épuisée, et nous n’avons pas seulement une pénurie de folate, mais aussi une pénurie de vitamine B12, avec tous les horribles symptômes qui vont avec, des symptômes qui ressemblent à ceux du Covid-19 et qui disparaissent lorsque la vitamine B12 est reconstituée. Et nous n’avons besoin de produits d’origine animale pour rien. Pour chaque source animale, il existe une source végétale supérieure. D’où pensez-vous que les animaux l’obtiennent ? Vous n’avez pas non plus besoin d’animaux pour la vitamine B12. Le kombucha et les algues en contiennent bien plus que n’importe quelle source animale.
C’est avec l’acide folique que la vitamine B12 ne doit pas être associée. Mais comme l’acide folique est présent en permanence dans nos cellules adipeuses, attendant juste de nous épuiser en vitamine B12 et de bloquer le folate, il n’y a aucun moyen de l’éviter.
King Vitamine B12 combinée avec elle si vous en avez dans votre système. Alors évitez-le. Lisez les étiquettes, c’est partout et c’est toxique.
Vous devez combiner la vitamine B12, la cobalamine, avec la vraie vitamine B9, le folate. Et pour couronner le tout, la forme synthétique de la vitamine B12, la cyanocobalamine, n’est pas du tout de la vitamine B12 ! Il est connecté à une molécule de cyanure plutôt qu’à une molécule de méthyle comme la vraie vitamine B12. La vraie vitamine B12, la cobalamine, combinée à la vraie vitamine B9, le folate, est nécessaire à la fabrication des globules rouges, tandis que le cyanure bloque la respiration cellulaire en se liant à l’hémoglobine et en l’inactivant ! À quel point est-ce cynique ? La cyanocobalamine est un autre faux supplément à éviter.
Voici quelques principales sources alimentaires de vitamine B12 et de cobalamine, comme toutes les listes par ordre décroissant : Kombucha, Chiorella, algues Nori et autres algues, champignons Shiitake, fromage suisse, emmental, brie, pleurotes, ainsi que trompettes noires, cèpes. champignons, champignon parasol et morilles noires, Yaourt et Kéfir.
Les sources alimentaires de vitamine B9 et de folate sont les pois chiches, les arachides, les graines de tournesol, les haricots canneberges, les épinards, les lentilles, les haricots romains, le brocoli, les haricots crus, les haricots pinto, les asperges, la laitue, les haricots rouges, l’avocat et les pois verts. Remarquez à quel point de nombreuses sources de vitamine B9 et de vitamine B12 sont savoureuses ensemble ? Ce qui doit être mangé ensemble a aussi bon goût ensemble.
Et puis vous avez l’Avidine dans les œufs crus qui détruit la vitamine B7, la biotine. Les œufs crus sont utilisés dans de nombreuses recettes, notamment dans la mayonnaise. Le manque de vitamine B7 rend également chauve. La vitamine B7 et la biotine sont présentes dans les arachides, les graines de tournesol, les noix, les amandes, les champignons de Paris, les noix de pécan, les patates douces, les fraises, le pain, le brocoli, les avocats et les tomates. Si vous voulez un test Covid négatif, mangez ça !
Et ne croyez pas que l’absorption du fer non héminique provenant des plantes soit trop faible. Il suffit d’ajouter du vinaigre, du citron ou des algues pour Phytase pour contrer l’acide phytique, et l’absorption passe de 8 % à 88 % ! Cela le rend également beaucoup plus savoureux. Les aliments contenant du fer sont le thym et les graines de sésame. Cacao, graines de citrouille, graines de chanvre, graines de chia, noix de cajou, graines de lin et pois chiches.
Et s’il vous plaît, ne croyez pas le mensonge selon lequel vous devez manger de la viande pour avoir suffisamment de fer. Le fer non héminique provenant des plantes est supérieur au fer hémique présent dans la viande, tout comme le bêta-carotène, présent dans les plantes, est supérieur à la vitamine A, présente dans les œufs et la viande. Le corps peut stocker le fer non héminique aussi longtemps qu’il le souhaite et l’utiliser lorsqu’il en a besoin. Ce n’est pas le cas du fer héminique. Le corps ne peut pas le stocker, et il fait des ravages lorsqu’il y en a trop, ce qui est rapide.
Toutes les vitamines B sont stables à la chaleur, mais elles s’infiltrent dans l’eau ou la graisse dans laquelle vous les préparez, alors consommez tout ce dans lequel vous les avez bouillies ou frites. Pas ce dans lequel vous les avez trempées. Arrosez le pantalon avec cela ou utilisez-le comme pesticide. . Les lectines ne sont pas bonnes pour la santé et c’est aussi la raison pour laquelle vous ne devriez jamais sous-cuire les haricots, et encore moins les manger crus.
Certaines vitamines B, comme la vitamine B2 et la riboflavine, sont sensibles à la lumière, alors conservez-les dans l’obscurité. Et certains, comme la vitamine B5 et l’acide pantothénique, se décomposent dans des circonstances alcalines, donc ajouter du bicarbonate de soude à l’eau dans laquelle vous les faites cuire est une très mauvaise idée.
Le fer est dans une relation de bascule avec le zinc, ce qui signifie qu’une teneur élevée en fer signifie une faible teneur en zinc et vice versa. Par conséquent, une teneur élevée en fer est liée à un Covid sévère et, comme le calcium, provoque une carence en zinc.
Comme tous les minéraux, le fer est pratiquement indestructible, il ne sera donc pas détruit par la chaleur. Comme tous les minéraux, il a tendance à s’infiltrer dans l’huile ou l’eau dans laquelle il est chauffé, une autre raison de le consommer.
Outre la carence en zinc, la surcharge en calcium provoque la plaque artérielle. Cela provoque le blocage du fer et du magnésium. Cela provoque également une carence en phosphore, rendant le sang trop acide. Pour en connaître les conséquences, consultez Acidose métabolique au chapitre d.5.D.7. Phosphore.
Le magnésium se trouve dans les graines de citrouille, le cacao cru, le cacao torréfié, les amandes, les graines de lin, les graines de sésame, les noix de cajou, les graines de chia, le sarrasin, les pignons de pin, le boulgour, les noisettes, les noix, les noix de pécan, les graines de tournesol et les épinards crus. Le bore atténue les symptômes de carence en vitamine D, améliore le calcium, le magnésium, le phosphore et les œstrogènes
Comme la Pepperine, le Bore renforce également les effets de la curcumine contre le SRAS-CoV-28 Les sources alimentaires de bore sont les raisins secs, les amandes, les noisettes, les abricots, les avocats, les pruneaux, les arachides, les noix du Brésil, les noix, les haricots rouges, les noix de cajou, les dattes, les lentilles, les pois chiches, les pêches et le céleri.
La carence en phosphore est liée à la mortalité due au Covid, le phosphore se trouve dans les graines de citrouille, les graines de tournesol, le cheddar, le fromage suisse. Parmesan, Romano Peccorino, Pimento, Parmesan râpé, fromage de chèvre à pâte dure, noix du Brésil, amarante, sarrasin, lentilles, riz, quinoa et épeautre.
Le zinc est si central que de nombreux cas de Covid-19. Les remèdes sont des ionophores de zinc, qui aident le zinc à traverser plus facilement la membrane cellulaire. Le zinc est présent dans le cacao, l’aloe vera, les pois chiches, les haricots blancs, les graines de chanvre, les graines de citrouille, les pois aux yeux noirs, les haricots noirs, les haricots blancs, les pois verts, les pignons de pin, les noix de cajou, les graines de chia, les noix de pécan, les graines de tournesol, les épinards cuits, le Lima Haricots, graines de lin, fromage suisse, parmesan, noix du Brésil, noix, amandes, noisettes et flocons d’avoine
Les ionophores de zinc sont : a. Quinine, b. Quercétine. c. Quinoléine, d. EGCG et e. Hespéridine Les sources alimentaires de quinine sont le pamplemousse et les noix.
Les sources alimentaires de quercétine sont les câpres et les baies de sureau. Dille, aloe vera, coriandre, oignons, canneberges, laitue rouge, oignons rouges, asperges, chou frisé, poivrons rouges, laitue romaine, poivrons verts, airelles et cacao.
Les sources alimentaires de quinoléine sont le thé, le cacao et les produits à base de cacao, les herbes et les épices.
Les sources alimentaires d’hespéridine sont les oranges sanguines, les clémentines, les oranges douces, les mandarines, les citrons, les limes, les pamplemousses, l’Aloe vera et le cacao. EGCG : est enrichi par la curcumine, qui se trouve dans le curcuma. Et le poivre noir améliore l’absorption de la curcumine de 2 000 %. Donc, si vous mangez du zinc, combinez-le avec l’un d’entre eux, comme l’EGCG dans le thé vert ou la quinoléine dans n’importe quel thé ou herbe. L’EGCG est renforcé par la curcumine et la curcumine est renforcée par le poivre. Et si vous mangez vos flocons d’avoine avec du kéfir de lait et de l’orange et que vous buvez le mélange du lundi du programme de rotation des herbes, vous avez du zinc provenant des flocons d’avoine et du poivre, de l’EGCG, de la quinoléine, du curcuma et du poivre du thé. Et faites-le à chaque collation et repas. Créez des combinaisons intelligentes qui améliorent l’absorption des nutriments, comme le montrent également les recettes de Dandhea. Soyez le gardien idéal de votre corps, créez l’endroit parfait à l’intérieur et sur votre peau, et dans votre bouche pour votre microbiome, soyez un hôte merveilleux pour eux. Ils travaillent dur pour vous, faites des efforts pour eux. Et non, les tanins du thé n’entravent pas l’absorption du fer. Des recherches effectuées en 2017 ont révélé que nous pouvons donc prendre le thé avec, après ou avant nos repas ! Voir chapitre d.6.C.5. Mangez des vitamines en grappes : Méfiez-vous également de la surcharge en zinc, car cela provoque une carence en fer. Mais une carence en fer peut également être causée par une carence en cuivre, car à côté de la vitamine C-LAA, le fer a besoin de cuivre pour être métabolisé dans notre corps. Familiarisez-vous avec les relations entre les nutriments afin de savoir où chercher en cas de pénurie. Les sources alimentaires de cuivre sont : champignons shiitake séchés, graines de sésame, noix de cajou, feuilles de vigne, graines de tournesol, noisettes, noix du Brésil, graines de chanvre, graines de citrouille, pignons de pin, pistaches, graines de lin, oreille de chat (faux pissenlit, Hypochaeris radicata). ) Sarrasin,
Le fer a donc également besoin de vitamine C-LAA pour être métabolisé, tout comme le folate, et rappelez-vous, la vitamine C-LAA a besoin de sodium pour être métabolisée. Cela signifie que quiconque suit un régime sans sel manque également de vitamine C-LAA, de folate et de fer ! Une condamnation à mort assurée !
Une autre raison pour laquelle le sel est un bon allié dans la lutte contre le Covid-19 est qu’il forme du dioxyde de chlore, qui combat les virus, notamment le Covid, et que des niveaux élevés de sodium sont associés à de meilleures chances de survie en cas d’infection par le Covid.
La principale source alimentaire de sodium est bien sûr le sel. Le sel de l’Himalaya est le meilleur choix, car il contient également tous les autres minéraux,
Mais le sodium est aussi dans les marinés verts, les olives, le camembert, les olives noires, le brie, le fromage cottage, l’emmental, le céleri, les betteraves crues, les carottes crues, le brocoli cru. cacahuètes crues,
Le sodium doit être équilibré avec le potassium dans un équilibre de 1 à 2 : 1, sinon votre tension artérielle devient trop élevée. L’abaissement de la tension artérielle doit se faire avec du potassium et des oméga-3-ALA, et non avec du sel. C’est comme si vous vous coupiez la main parce que vous avez une écharde au doigt. Cela va à l’encontre du but recherché. La consommation excessive d’eau, et tout ce qui va si loin au-delà de l’étanchéification de la soif qu’elle vous donne des haut-le-cœur, est également mauvaise pour votre taux de potassium. Boire selon la soif et le désir, manger selon le goût. Cela vous rend aussi plus heureux.
Les sources alimentaires de potassium sont : tomates séchées au soleil, tomates séchées au soleil, emballées dans l’huile, égouttées, poudre de cacao, chips de pomme de terre, feuilles de betterave, raisins secs, pruneaux, cacahuètes, figues, ignames au four, dattes, frites, haricots adzuki, sucrées Pommes de terre vertes et haricots de Lima.
Le bêta-carotène se trouve dans les patates douces (à ne pas confondre avec les ignames, qui contiennent moins de bêta-carotène), les carottes, le chou frisé, les épinards, la citrouille, la courge musquée, les tomates, les oranges, le cantaloup, l’aloe vera, les poivrons rouges, les abricots, Mangue, pissenlits, brocoli, pois, courge, igname, ail, moutarde et graines de citrouille
Et ne confondez pas le bêta-carotène avec la vitamine A. Contrairement à la vitamine A, vous ne pouvez jamais avoir de surcharge en bêta-carotène, car il peut être stocké. La vitamine A ne le peut pas et provoque des ravages dans le corps lorsqu’elle est en trop grande quantité.
Et ne confondez pas non plus le bêta-carotène provenant de l’alimentation, qui est bénéfique, avec le bêta-carotène provenant de suppléments, qui ne l’est pas. En effet, le bêta-carotène provenant des aliments contient du bêta-carotène cis, alors que les suppléments ne contiennent que du bêta-carotène trans.
Le bêta-carotène augmente avec les sautés. Voyez si la perte de vitamine C en vaut la peine. Le bêta-carotène est sensible à la chaleur mais des pertes significatives ne se produisent qu’après de longues périodes d’ébullition. Alors que faire sauter en présence d’une petite quantité d’huile entraîne une énorme augmentation de la bioaccessibilité du bêta-carotène des légumes, l’augmentation de étant 263% (feuilles de fenugrec), 192% (feuilles d’amarante), 63% (carotte) et 53% (citrouille), il diminue la vitamine C-LAA. La destruction la plus élevée de l’acide ascorbique ou de la vitamine C-LAA se produit à des températures comprises entre 85 et 95°C, surtout après 10 minutes de cuisson. Tous ces nutriments ont chacun leurs propres propriétés anti-Covid bien entendu. Vous voyez à quelle fréquence les mêmes aliments reviennent ? La plupart des aliments contiennent plus d’un nutriment anti-Covid. C’est pourquoi il est beaucoup moins difficile d’obtenir les plus de 50 nutriments promis pour lutter contre le Covid qu’il n’y paraît, surtout si vous incluez toutes les herbes et tous les thés. Et c’est tout ce que les guérisseurs d’autrefois utilisaient, avec des résultats étonnants, même sans les connaissances scientifiques dont nous disposons aujourd’hui. Mais ce n’est pas la science qui est suivie. Ce sont des politiques qui n’ont rien à voir avec notre bien-être. Ainsi, la viande est toujours considérée comme la norme, tandis que les aliments à base de plantes participent à une symphonie de vie qui nous fait sentir vibrant, comme l’intégrité, la vérité et la beauté. Cela les rend bien meilleurs que ceux à base de viande, qui restent souvent comme un poids mort en nous, insensibles et dérangeants, comme le mensonge et la tromperie. Mais il faut savoir quels aliments végétaux consommer dans quel équilibre, comment les préparer et comment les associer. C’est ce que vous pouvez trouver ici. En plus de cela, les produits d’origine animale ne contiennent souvent que les nutriments que les animaux ont pu manger, c’est pourquoi le fromage n’est pas toujours une source de K2, c’est seulement si les animaux ont été nourris avec du K1, et pourtant dans les listes d’aliments, on prétendra que si c’est toujours là-dedans. En règle générale, les formes parentales de nutriments sont bonnes, mais les dérivés sont toxiques, ce qui semble étrange car le corps les fabrique lui-même. Mais le corps les fabrique quand et où il en a besoin et les utilise immédiatement. Elle n’a aucun endroit où stocker les produits dérivés et ceux-ci deviennent une charge pour elle en cas d’excédent. La vitamine E est une autre vitamine dont la pénurie a été associée au Covid-19 et qui a une fausse forme dans les suppléments qui non seulement ne fonctionne pas, mais qui bloque la vraie vitamine E. La vitamine E octo est une vitamine E d’origine naturelle qui existe dans huit formes chimiques (alpha-, bêta-, gamma- et delta-tocophérol et alpha-, bêta-, gamma- et delta-tocotriénol) qui ont différents niveaux d’activité biologique. Vitamine E monosynthétique Vitamine E composée uniquement d’alpha tocophérol et bloquant la vraie vitamine E La vitamine E est stable à la chaleur mais sensible à la lumière, elle doit donc être conservée dans l’obscurité ou dans un emballage opaque. Les sources alimentaires de vitamine E sont l’huile de germe de blé, l’huile de noisette, les graines de tournesol, les amandes, les noix, les noisettes, l’huile d’olive, les pignons de pin, les arachides, les noix du Brésil, les avocats et les épinards crus. Le sélénium guérit le cancer et le Covid, mais trop rend chauve. Les sources alimentaires de sélénium sont les noix du Brésil, les graines de tournesol grillées, les graines de chia, les graines de tournesol crues, les flocons d’avoine, les pâtes à grains entiers, la moutarde, les graines de sésame grillées, le persil lyophilisé, le Kamut, le couscous et les graines de lin. D’autres nutriments qui combattent le Covid sont ceux qui contiennent du soufre, qui est le soufre lui-même présent dans le sel de l’Himalaya, Le sel est un minéral et donc stable à la chaleur. L’organosulfure se trouve dans les légumes du genre Allium et Brassica (crucifères), c’est-à-dire l’oignon, l’ail, le brocoli, le chou, le chou-fleur, etc. Les composés organosulfurés présents dans l’oignon augmentent de 34,2 à 568,0 % pendant la friture, la cuisson à la vapeur et au micro-ondes, tandis que les composés organosulfurés diminuent de 32,6 à 69,4 % pendant l’ébullition. Glucosinolates, que l’on trouve dans les légumes crucifères comme le brocoli, le chou-fleur, le chou de Bruxelles, le chou, le chou vert, le chou frisé, les câpres, les navets, les radis, le daïkon, la moutarde, le cresson, le raifort, le wasabi. Toute chaleur réduit la quantité de glucosinolates, la meilleure façon de les manger est donc crue. Sulforaphane, présent dans les pousses de brocoli, le brocoli, le chou-fleur, le chou frisé, le chou de Bruxelles, le chou, les variétés rouges et blanches, le bok choy, le cresson, la roquette, également connue sous le nom de roquette. Le sulforaphane est instable à la chaleur. Le sulforaphane apparaît comme un composé stable lorsqu’il est exposé à la lumière et dans des conditions acides avec un pH de 3,0. Le soufre MSM est un combattant du Covid en raison de son rôle dans la fabrication du glutathion. C’est dans les tomates, les germes de luzerne, les légumes verts à feuilles, les pommes, les framboises et les grains entiers. Le soufre de méthylsulfonylméthane (MSM) est relativement inerte chimiquement et est capable de résister à la décomposition à des températures élevées. Méthionine, dont les sources alimentaires sont les noix, les haricots, les lentilles, le germe de blé, la spiruline, le kéfir de lait et le fromage cottage, La méthionine est thermostable. La méthionine est décomposée à 86 % après 24 h à 180 °C. La taurine est un autre nutriment contenant du soufre. Ses capacités à combattre le Covid font l’objet de recherches. On le trouve dans les amandes, les noix de cajou, les noisettes, les pignons de pin, les graines de citrouille et le Dulse.
La taurine n’est pas détruite par la cuisson. Cependant, la taurine est soluble dans l’eau. Par conséquent, lors de tout type de traitement (y compris la cuisson), de la taurine peut être perdue dans l’eau. Si la Taurine est cuite dans de l’eau (bouillie ou cuite à la vapeur), elle perdra plus de taurine que si elle était cuite. La cystéine et la glycine aident à détoxifier et à libérer les récepteurs de testostérone. L-La cystéine se trouve dans les graines de tournesol, le fromage suisse, les lentilles, l’avoine, le kéfir, le fromage cottage, le yaourt, les carottes et le couscous. Les sources alimentaires de glycine sont les graines de citrouille, les graines de chanvre, les arachides, les graines de tournesol, les graines de lin, les graines de sésame, les pistaches, l’avoine, les noix, le quinoa, le fromage à pâte dure, les amandes, les pâtes, le pain, les haricots blancs/haricots marins et les pois cassés.
Les analyses des acides aminés des échantillons chauffés ont montré que la plupart des acides aminés, comme la L-cystéine, sont stables jusqu’à 120 degrés C. Initialement, à des températures plus élevées, une diminution presque rectiligne se produit qui atteint un stade critique à 160 degrés C.
La lysine est stable lors du traitement thermique. La teneur en lysine n’était inférieure que de 3,3 %, même chauffée à 100 °C pendant 36 heures. Les protéines et les acides aminés ne sont pas sensibles à la chaleur, mais comme les minéraux et les vitamines, incorporez le poireau dans les liquides dans lesquels ils ont été préparés, alors consommez-les toujours ! Dans des études, il a été démontré que l’iode élimine le virus Corona. Les sources alimentaires d’iode sont : le varech Kombu, le wakame, le nori, le sel iodé, le yaourt grec, le cheddar et le kéfir de lait. L’iode est un minéral, il est donc thermostable. Le sélénium active l’iode. Le sélénium guérit le cancer et le Covid, mais trop rend chauve. Les sources alimentaires de sélénium sont les noix du Brésil, les graines de tournesol grillées, les graines de chia, les graines de tournesol crues, les flocons d’avoine, les pâtes à grains entiers, la moutarde, les graines de sésame grillées, le persil lyophilisé, le Kamut, le couscous et les graines de lin.
Chaque carence et surcharge nutritionnelle a ses symptômes, que vous pouvez apprendre à reconnaître et à résoudre en quelques minutes au lieu de l’agonie infructueuse que le système médical semble aimer nous faire subir. Pas tous ceux qui y participent, et probablement par ignorance. Mais un nombre surprenant de médecins en savent bien plus qu’ils ne peuvent le laisser croire. Souvent, ils attendent d’avoir remporté un prix Nobel avant de dire ce qu’ils ressentent réellement. Écoutez ces discours de remerciement, vous les entendrez dire les mêmes choses que celles écrites ici. Mais qui écoute les conférences Nobel, n’est-ce pas ? Je vous encourage à le faire. Ils sont très divertissants et instructifs, et y faire référence ajoutera du poids à vos arguments en faveur d’un système de santé sans tyrannie.
“T” Le dernier « T » de Motherhat est pour le timing, la combinaison, la préparation et la planification. Outre les nutriments que vous prenez, le moment où vous les prenez et la manière dont vous les préparez sont importants pour tirer les bénéfices optimaux de ces nutriments. Lorsque vous faites cuire du riz ou des haricots, ou quoi que ce soit d’autre, ne jetez pas l’eau dans laquelle vous l’avez fait bouillir. C’est là que la plupart des vitamines s’infiltrent, alors préparez-en une bonne soupe ou une bonne sauce ! Souvent, c’est déjà très savoureux et vous n’avez rien à ajouter, puisque vous avez déjà ajouté du sel pour la cuisson.
Vous ne pouvez pas trop cuire vos haricots. Les vitamines s’échapperont simplement dans l’eau de cuisson. Utilisez-le donc pour les soupes et les sauces. N’ajoutez pas de vinaigre ou de bicarbonate de soude à l’eau lorsque vous cuisinez des légumes. L’acidité ou l’alcalinité combinée à la chaleur détruit la vitamine B5, l’acide pentathénique. La cuisson au sel ne détruit pas les vitamines B. Vous ne pouvez pas trop cuire les haricots. Vous pouvez cependant les sous-cuire. C’est ce qui cause le vent. Vérifiez donc toujours si les haricots sont vraiment cuits avant de les retirer du feu. Ils doivent être complètement mous.
J’utilise les proportions 2-4-8 pour décider de la quantité d’eau et de sel que je dois ajouter aux haricots qui ont trempé pendant 24 heures. Après avoir jeté l’eau de trempage dans les plantes et rincé 2 demi-tasses de haricots, je les mets dans une casserole avec 8 demi-tasses d’eau filtrée avec 4 cuillères à café de sel de l’Himalaya et fais cuire les haricots jusqu’à ce qu’ils soient complètement tendres. L’eau dans laquelle je les ai fait cuire est parfaite comme soupe. Je n’ai rien à ajouter, c’est délicieux tel quel. Préparez et planifiez vos journées pour manger des repas et des collations saines, utilisez le cycle de dîner de 3 jours Dandhea décrit au chapitre d.7.d. pour le plus de nutriments, avec le moins de problèmes et de gaspillage.
Sachez que lorsque vous combinez du sel de l’Himalaya, du vinaigre et de l’huile d’olive, une combinaison traditionnelle pour la vinaigrette, vous faites un Revici, qui a guéri le cancer avec du soufre et des oméga-6-LA. Et grâce aux Oméga-6-LA contenus dans l’huile d’olive, tous les merveilleux nutriments de votre salade sont transportés là où ils sont le plus nécessaires, à savoir vers les lésions des membranes cellulaires, le seul endroit contenant des acides gras libres, qui attirent les Oméga-6. -LA avec n’importe quel nutriment curatif qu’il transporte comme un aimant.
Sachez que lorsque vous buvez du thé avec vos flocons d’avoine, vous combinez du zinc avec le plus puissant des ionophores de zinc, la quinoléine, dans le thé., faisant un Treben, qui a guéri des patients atteints de cancer abandonnés en une semaine rien qu’avec du thé. Et si vous ajoutez des graines de lin à votre muesli avec des flocons d’avoine et un peu de sel, vous faites également un Johanna Budwig, qui a guéri le cancer en combinant l’oméga-3-ALA avec du soufre pour guérir le cancer. Vous suivez le traitement qu’elle utilisait pour soigner les patients atteints de cancer et qui ont été abandonnés par l’établissement médical en une semaine, tout comme Maria Treben, comme routine quotidienne en mangeant simplement un délicieux petit-déjeuner le matin et une bonne salade au déjeuner ou au dîner. l’après-midi ou le soir en collation. Rien de plus normal et non invasif. Et combiné Utiliser les herbes Ramisse avec de l’huile d’olive extra vierge biologique pour une réponse ciblée au Covid si vous présentez des symptômes crée une centrale d’herbes avec laquelle bombarder n’importe quel virus.
C’est ce qu’il y a de bien avec la connaissance. Vous ne pouvez plus vous laisser tromper par des régimes déprimants et des thérapies pour les sourds, parce que vous savez qu’ils sont faux, et que grâce au fonctionnement de notre microbiome, ce qui est sain nous plaît et nous rend heureux, stimulant ainsi les protéines du bonheur qui sont aussi si important pour l’immunité. Tout traitement qui ignore ce fait n’est probablement pas vraiment destiné à vous guérir. Il en va de même pour tout traitement qui nuit à votre microbiome.
Pratiquons notre droit à la santé, fondé sur des données probantes. La science et la pratique ont confirmé des moyens de prévenir et de guérir les maladies au lieu du désordre orienté vers le profit, basé sur les peluches, soutenu par la finance et poussé de manière trompeuse dans lequel nous nous trouvons actuellement, de sorte que la guérison soit naturelle et sans toxines. l’alimentation et les soins deviennent une norme bienvenue au lieu d’une exception mal vue, et la guérison naturelle et sans toxines devient aussi abondante et normale, aussi délicieuse et délicieuse que les pissenlits au printemps!
4Cellular Defensive Mechanisms of Tea Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship, PMC, August 24, 2021, Truong VL, Jeong WS. Cellular Defensive Mechanisms of Tea Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 24;22(17):9109. doi: 10.3390/ijms22179109. PMID: 34502017; PMCID: PMC8430757., Van-Long Truong and Woo-Sik Jeong*, Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; moc.liamg@orpgnolgnourt*Correspondence: rk.ca.unk@gnoejsw; Tel.: +82-53-950-5775, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430757
5COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3?PubMed, April 13, 2022, Novak Kujundžić R. COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3? Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 13;23(8):4309. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084309. PMID: 35457123; PMCID: PMC9032523.Renata Novak Kujundžić 1 Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35457123
6Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
7Substances studied for countering abnormal angiogenesis, TedEd, April 8, 2014, Can we eat to starve cancer? William Li,https://youtu.be/OjkzfeJz66o
8Boron enhances the antiviral activity of the curcumin against SARS-CoV-2, PMC, July-September 2020, Scorei IR, Biţă A, Mogoşanu GD. Letter to the Editor: Boron enhances the antiviral activity of the curcumin against SARS-CoV-2. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2020 Jul-Sep;61(3):967-970. doi: 10.47162/RJME.61.3.39. PMID: 33817742; PMCID: PMC8112755., Ion Romulus Scorei,1 Andrei Biţă,1,2 and George Dan Mogoşanu1,2, 1BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., Podari, Dolj County, Romania2Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, RomaniaCorresponding Author: Ion Romulus Scorei Professor, Biochem, PhD, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania, Phone: +40351–407 543, moc.oohay@noi_sulumor, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8112755/
Our bodies are not plants that can make all their own nutrients from the elements, but they do prefer to make their nutrients themselves, not from scratch like carpenters, but more like how we build our furniture from materials bought at IKEA. Sort of ready made, but we still have to finish it, with enough play space that we can fit it exactly to our needs. That’s the kind of nutrients plants give.
Our bodies are like couturiers who don’t do their own weaving, and who don’t want clothes off the rack, but nice materials with which they can make everything they want, and plants give those materials, just as our bodies prefer them.
Meat is more like the off the rack clothing. Our bodies get by with it, but they prefer plants. With the right timing, combining, preparing and planning, our bodies thrive on them.
Disease is often caused by nutrient deficiencies or overloads. Covid-19 not only resembles many nutrient deficiencies, it is also healed when these are corrected. Motherhat is an acronym for a way to get all the nutrients in, naturally and deliciously, preventing and healing many diseases, among which Covid. While the evidence why it works may be overwhelming and complicated, the practice is amazingly simple and shows the wisdom of traditional recipes.
“M”
Covid-19 severity has been linked to depletion of beneficial bacteria in our microbiome, which is the perfect place to start, since healthy foods have healthy fibers that grow healthy microbes that make you crave healthy foods, which means you are eating healthy foods by just following your appetite, which also means that it makes you happy, and happiness proteins are crucial for healing.
Our microbiome, the “M” in Motherhat, is a treasure trove that makes many of the nutrients we need itself. It’s a paradise garden we carry in and on us where we grow our own food. All we need to do is not ruin it. But even if we do, we can rebuild it with pre- and probiotics.
A thief’s favorite trick is closing your eyes to the exquisiteness of what you have, so you don’t notice what he or she is stealing from you.
Thus the precious value of our microbiome is often downplayed. But if you dig into the research, you find out it is far more amazing than you could have imagined. An impressive list of vitamins is made by them, the health benefits include healing cancer and cardio vascular disease, and they even influence the production of happiness hormones in our brain! What’s more, without a healthy microbiome, we can’t tolerate healthy foods and we get into a vicious cycle of being unhealthy because of that. Prevent that, heal that by starting with your microbiome. Cherish your microbiome. You can do that in different ways, depending where it is.
Give your gut microbiome the prebiotics and probiotics it needs, For the microbiome in your mouth, use toothpaste and mouthwash that target the pathogens, not the good bacteria,(see Motherhat I d.1.2.b.2.2. and Dandhea Book I Part III 7.1.2.b.2.2.) and for your skin, use skin care products that protect your skin’s microbiome. Find recipe’s for skin microbiome sparing care in Motherhat I d.1.3. Dandhea Book I Part III 7.1.3. Not the usual recipe’s, but ones that are more luxurious than the top commercial brands. Why should natural be plain? Your skin and hair will look and feel better than ever. No chemicals, just flowers, vinegar and essential oils that match the happiness proteins stimulating scents perfectly, not by design, but that’s just how integrity works. Things fall into place. And of course circular. We want to be on earth like the good bacteria in our bodies, doing good only.
Our microbes influence what foods we crave so a smart way to improve your health is by doing an appetite hack by flooding your system with probiotics. Kefir and Kombucha are excellent sources.
Probiotics cannot be processed or heated. Approximately 83 percent of the cultures could be killed in 30 minutes or less at 145 ° F. (is 62.8 ° C) The thermal death times at 136 ° F (is 57.8 ° C)
Prebiotics are food for probiotics. Each prebiotic enhances it’s own probiotic, so it’s important to have a variety of prebiotics in your menu. The difference between probiotics and pathogens? Probiotics feed you and sustain you, pathogens eat you and make you ill!
GOSs are prebiotics that can greatly stimulate Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Bifido bacteria are what make 7 of the 8 B vitamins, all but Vitamin B5. Resident microbiome Lacto bacillus Bifidus, makes 7 of the 8 B Vitamins, which are Vitamin B1, Thiamine, Vitamin B2, Riboflavin, Vitamin B3, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine, Vitamin B7, Biotin, Vitamin B9, Folate and Vitamin B12, Cobalamin. It is also in Water kefir, Milk kefir. Kombucha, buttermilk and sauerkraut
Studies show GOS increases immunity responses against Covid-19
GOS is in the fibers in Beans, Lentils, Vegetables and Root vegetables.
For every 100 grams of prebiotics we consume 30 grams of probiotics are formed.
Prebiotics are defined by stability. But you do have to leave them in.
Vitamin B5, Pantothenic acid, is made by Lactaris and R. torques) (Firmicutes); Salmonella enterica and Helicobacter pylori (Proteobacteria) which are also are permanent residents in our microbiome.
Lactobacillus lactis, which is needed to make Vitamin K2 from Vitamin K1. is a guest microbe that needs to be reintroduced every day and never settles in our microbiome permanently. It is in apple cider vinegar, Sauerkraut, Water Kefir, Kombucha, Buttermilk, Milk Kefir, and Yogurt
Combine Vitamin K1, and the Lactobacillus lactis to make K2 from K1,
Vitamin K1 is in Parsley, Swiss Chard, Kale, Mustard Greens, Dandelion Greens, Beet Greens, Collard Greens, Broccoli, Cabbage, Prunes, Kiwi, Green Beans and Avocado.
Vitamin K1, phylloquinone, is sensitive to light, alkaline conditions, and air, but is not destroyed by cooking heat.
Now isn’t yogurt, or even better, milk kefir, (Lactobacillus lactis source) much nicer with some fruit (Vitamin K1 source)?
And there you have a nice breakfast.
And isn’t kale (a Vitamin K1 source) much nicer with some apple cider vinegar (a Lactobacillus lactis source) salt (which helps with Vitamin C-LAA uptake) and Olive oil (which helps absorb minerals like magnesium and Zinc better)?
As a rule, what’s healthier is also tastier! Vitamin C-LAA is better absorbed with some salt. Beta carotene is better absorbed with some olive oil, as are iron and magnesium.
And there you have your most basic of salad dressings! Who would have thought that a salad with a quality salad dressing is much healthier than one without?
Fructans stimulate the growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and decrease pathogens.
Fructans food sources are Barley, Jerusalem Artichoke, Garlic, Onions, Shallots, Rye, Globe Artichoke, Wheat, Spanish Onions, Leeks and Beet roots.
Studies show Fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) are able to reduce the side effects of vaccines against Covid-19.
Like GOS, FOS significantly stimulates the growth of Bifidobacterium probiotic strains
Inulin stimulates the growth and activity of SCFA-producing bacteria. SCFA stands for Short Chain Fatty Acids. Those are fatty acids with a chain of up to 6 Carbon atoms.
Studies show Inulin reduces the severity of Covid-19.
Pectin improves blood sugar and blood fat levels, kills cancer cells, promotes a healthy weight, and improves digestion.
Pectins improve the survival of probiotic species Lactobacillus fermentum PCC, L. reuteri RC-14, L. rhamnosus LGG and L. paracasei F-19. For their many health benefits, see Motherhat I Chapter d.1.3.3.a. Pectin and Dandhea Book I Part III Chapter 7.d.1.3.3.a.
Pectin polysaccharides from natural plants cell walls modulate immunity against SARS-CoV-2 through the release of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, anti-inflammatory activity, and the increased phagocytosis of macrophages.
Pectin food sources are: Lemon peel, Orange peel, Rose hips, Grapefruit, Guava, Apple, Carrots, Apricots and Cherries.
Covid-19 disease severity is also linked to Omega-6-LA deficiency. The Bristol study was able to map it out, as well as the remedy: Omega-6-LA.
Beta-glucan is beneficial for insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity.
Beta-glucan stimulates Lactobacillus brevis, and Lactobacillus plantarum (see Motherhat III Chapter d.1.3.3.b and Dandhea Book I Pat III Chapter 7. 1.3.3.b for their benefits) and in general all probiotics by making them more resistant to hostile circumstances as increased heat, increased acidity, adverse intestinal conditions and time influenced degeneration.
Studies show Beta-glucan heals and prevents Covid-19.
Beta-glucan food sources are Chanterelle, Shiitake, Snow Oyster mushroom, Pink Oyster mushroom, Italian Oyster mushroom, Yellow Oyster mushroom, King Oyster mushrooms, White button mushrooms, Brown button mushroom, Oats, Barley and Wheat.
Beta-glucan: enemies destroys proteins in peas and lentils
Resistant starch fermentation favors the production of butyrate, a major bacterial metabolite fundamental for keeping the gut healthy and functioning normally. Butyrate is the preferred fuel for cells lining the gut and ensuring the integrity of the gut wall, helping to protect it against cancer and other serious digestive diseases.
Eubacterium rectale is a member of the gut microbiota that produces butyrate when it breaks down resistant starch. Resistant starches can also nourish bacteria (like Ruminococcus bromii) that, in turn, produce fuel for butyrate-producing bacteria (like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii).
When bacteria produce substances that nourish other good bacteria, it’s called “cross-feeding”.
Resistant Starches help restore the gut microbiome, which protects us from Covid-19.
Resistant Starch foods sources are Beans, green banana’s, oatmeal, cooked and cooled potatoes, cooked and cooled rice, lentils.
Flavonoids alter gut microbial community structure, including increased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila26–28 which appear to confer metabolic benefits. Flavonoids also influence the gut microbiota production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA, up to 6 carbons in length)
Flavonoid food sources are Cocoa, Tea (white, green, oolong and black, 1), Blue berries, Lemons, Oranges, Tangerines, Apples, Banana’s and Carrots.
Quercetin in combination with bifidus inhibits colon cancer.
Quercetin enhances intestinal barrier function and modulates gut microbiota composition. Quercetin is fermented into several metabolites in the gut by numerous gut microbial species. These metabolites are useful substances that are diffused into the blood stream to be distributed to the various organs where their biological activities are exhibited. For Quentin’s many prebiotic functions, see Chapter d.1.3.4.a.1.1.
Quercetin is useful to combat Covid as a Zinc Ionophore but also has its own anti-Covid properties.
Quercetin food sources are Capers, Elderberries. Dille, Aloe Vera, Cilantro, Onions, Cranberries, Red Lettuce, Red Onions, Asparagus, Kale, Red Bell Peppers, Romaine Lettuce, Green Bell Peppers, Lingonberries, Cocoa.
Luteolin is a potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
Luteolin possesses anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Luteolin is a prebiotic for Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus.
L. rhamnosus improves the survival rate by motivating humoral and cellular immune responses, and improved resistance against influenza-virus infection.
Luteolin food sources are Oregano, Rosemary, Thyme, Radicchio, Chinese Celery, Parsley, Sage, Peppermint, Raw green peppers (hot chili), Serrano pepper, raw, Fresh Rosemary, Raw Lemons without peel, Jalapeno peppers, Raw Celery, Raw Kohlrabi, Raw Spinach, Green Bell Peppers, Red Bell Peppers, Beets, raw, Brussels Sprouts, raw and Carrots, raw.
“O”
With the Omega’s, the “O” in Motherhat, we have the keys so our fabulous cells can receive all the treasures our microbiome and our diets have to offer by keeping our cell membranes at the perfect fluidity and permeability., since they reside in all the cell membranes in our entire body.
The confusion and misconceptions about the Omega’s are shocking, especially because our whole immune system hangs on these two neighbor nutrients, a nutrient relation term that is explained in chapter d.7.b.1.The innate immune system on Omega-6-LA, the acquired immune system on Omega-3-ALA, and contrary to the Microbiome produced vitamins, we can only get them through food.
There are healthy ways and unhealthy ways to get Omega-6-LA, and it needs to be balanced with Omega-3-ALA. Chapter d.2. shows you how to do that. Omega-6-ALA is in practically all nuts and seeds, you get that in without trying. Walnuts have the ideal, heart healthy 1:4 balance of Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA. Other Omega-6-LA sources are Hemp seeds, Poppy seeds, Sunflower seeds, Sesame seeds, Pumpkin seeds, Chia seeds, Fax seeds, Mustard seeds, Walnut oil, Olive oil, Avocado oil, Walnuts, Brazil nuts, Pecans, Peanuts, Pistachio’s and Hazelnuts,
Omega-3-ALA can be found in Flax-seeds, Chia seeds, Hemp seeds, Walnuts, and Black- and White Mustard seeds. We need an intact microbiome to be able to digest Omega-3-ALA from healthy sources.
The unhealthy ways to get Omega-6-LA are when it is not Omega-6-LA at all, but an Omega-6-LA derivative, like Omega-6-ARA, or when it is adulterated Omega-6-LA, a trans fat, that makes the cell membrane impermeable rather than permeable. Omega-6-LA is also problematic if it is not balanced with Omega-3-ALA, which happens easily, since people are told that is in fish, but it’s not in fish at all. What is in fish is Omega-3-EPA and Omega-3-DHA, and after preparation, even that is not in there, since it deteriorates at 50 degrees Celsius, which is lucky, because we need very little of it, and the body makes all it needs from Omega-3-ALA.
These new terms are necessary to know what you are talking about, since the official terms are all over the place, using the same abbreviations for completely different oils, and a slurry of different names for the same ones. Thus ALA is also an abbreviation used for Alpha-Lipoic-Acid, a saturated fat that the body synthesizes itself, and while the terms linoleic acid and Linolenic acid are close enough to be confusing, But to make the confusion complete, Gamma-Linolenic-Acid is an Omega-6 -fatty acid, while Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is Omega-3. There are more new terms, and they are listed under 6.a. in the reference list.
Research says Omega-3-ALA is stable during cooking and processing. But Johanna Budwig treated Alpha Linolenic Acid as if it was highly reactive, even advising to eat ground flax seeds within 20 minutes, because that’s how quickly she said they would go bad, just from grinding! To be safe, I take my exceeds raw. I have never noticed them going bad.
Omega-6-LA is also stable during heating, although some sources claim it is inherently unstable. Perhaps this is because the derivatives are unstable, and they use conclusions of the one for the other? To be safe I eat the seeds and nuts for Omega-6-LA raw, but I don’t worry about the Omega-6LA in olive oil when using it for cooking, since research says it can handle it.
Of the unsaturated fats, cold pressed organic olive oil forms the least transfats when heated.
Saturated fatty acids are stable when heated, for short periods, but after long periods (8 hours) degrade. Use sparingly though. They still suffocate cells, and none of them are essential nutrients, since we synthesize them ourselves.
“T”
Now, with the microbiome in tact, the cell membranes ready and the immune system equipped, if we do get symptoms of Covid, any targeted response, the first “T” in Motherhat, is far more likely to succeed.
This virus is so weak that hot olive leaf tea and Eucalyptus Globulus essential oil already destroy it. But if these simple remedies are not applied, in nutrient deficient, poisoned bodies it wreaks havoc. And there are more things than just hot olive leaf tea and Eucalyptus Globulus essential oil as the targeted response. There are many more as listed in Motherhat II Chapter d.3. or Dandhea Book I part II Chapter 7.3. and Motherhat III chapter d.7.a. Or Dandhea Book I chapter 7.3.a,, using Revici’s now scientifically proven method, of using Omega’s to deliver healing substances to the diseased parts of your body, combined with Treben’s now scientifically proven method, of herbal infusions, for healing. Benzophenone helps for shortness of breath, that’s what my dad discovered 50 years before it was Scientifically proven. A lot of people can be helped in 50 years, so you can be helped greatly by things that are not blatantly unscientific. Not scientifically proven yet is not the same as unscientific. It may not be proven yet, or beyond the reach of science, and something for which moral grounds should apply in order to accept or reject them. If something only brings healing and brings no compromise to morals, there is no reason to reject it. And yet, it is precisely those blatantly unscientific and immoral things that are now being labeled scientific while following the proven science is labeled as unscientific! That has to change! Food sources of Benzophenone are Plantago, Elderberry, Propolis, Black tea, Passion fruit, Cherimoya and Soursop.
“HER”
Maria Treben was able to heal people just with herbal infusions. Over 70 herbs, many of which she used, and all of which have either proven anti-Covid properties, or which are still being researched for them, are mixed in seven delicious blends, one for each day, in order to get the full benefit without overusing any, the herb rotation schedule, the “Her” in Motherhat.
The schedule is Sunday Seed, Monday Root, Tuesday Leaf, Wednesday Herb, Friday Flower, Friday Wood and Saturday Fruit, with the colors of the rainbow and white for Saturday as a guide as a nice touch.
Polyphenols are generally heat resistant, and even more potent at temperatures up to 100 degrees Celsius, so unlike many Vitamins, they are not lost in the process of brewing. The whole herb is always more potent than the supplement, even if the beneficial ingredient is part of the supplement, which it usually isn’t.
“H”
The Happiness proteins, which brings us to the “H” in Motherhat, play such an important role in immunity, that they can be enough all on their own, and without them even the best therapies fail. That’s why attitude and a conviction grounded in compassion is so essential, and not being uptight about following even these rules, and especially not enforce them on others. A diet and care system for optimal health without a relaxed mentality about it defeats the whole purpose!
Even the Happiness Proteins are influenced by the Microbiome.
The wrong mouthwash kills the microbes that turn nitrate into Nitric Oxide, a central substance for dopamine and serotonin. Find a recipe for beneficial microbe sparing non-toxic toothpaste and mouthwash in Chapter d.1.2.b.2.1. and d.1.2.b.2.2. Nitric Oxide is so important for happiness protein production that many happiness protein supporting foods are so because they enhance Nitric Oxide uptake in one way or another. And the coolest thing is, we get it through nasal breathing, which is important for many other reasons as well Without a healthy microbiome, Nitrate is not turned in Nitric Oxide and causes cancer and diabetes, so like Omega-3-ALA, it is one of those foods that we need to have a healthy microbiome for to be able to digest.
Nutrients for Dopamine, the reward protein, are: Vitamin B9, vitamin B12, tyrosine, phenylalanine and L-dopa
Nutrients for Dopamine and Serotonin: are Citrulline. and Nitric Oxide.
Citrulline is in Watermelon, Bitter gourds, Squash, Nuts, Chickpeas, Pumpkin and Cucumber.
Nitric oxide is an unstable molecule that degrades quickly in the bloodstream, so it must be constantly replenished.
Nitric Oxide and Nitric Oxide level increasing foods:
L-Argenine,
Nitrate in vegetables produce Nitric Oxide, which increases Serotonin and Dopamine levels
Nitrate, a compound found in certain vegetables, is one of the many reasons vegetables are healthy for you.
Vegetables high in nitrate include
Celery
Cress
Chervil
Lettuce
Beetroot
Spinach
Arugula
Nasal breathing also produces Nitric Oxide.
Increase Your Intake of Antioxidants to increase the stability and limit the breakdown of Nitric Oxide
Vitamin C-LAA is a powerful anti-oxidant. You find it in fruits and vegetables, not in supplements. Supplements have Vitamin C-DAA, which does nothing.
Nutrients for Serotonin, the mood stabilizer, are: Vitamin B9,folate and Vitamin B12, Cobalamin, not te be confused with their evil, synthetic twins, fake vitamin B9, folic acid and fake Vitamin B12, Cyanocobalamin. that not only don’t fulfill the tasks vitamins do, but are toxic as well.
In fact, avoid all the fake, synthetic vitamins, divided here into their toxicity levels: (see Motherhat IV d.7.b.5.1. Toxicity scale and d.7.b.6. confusing factors. and Dandhea Book I Part III Chapters7.7.b.5.1. Toxicity scale and 7.7.b.6. Confusing Factors) Sometimes it is derivatives while we need the parent form. Sometimes it is synthetic forms, which are already bad because they don’t do what the real nutrient does. And sometimes these synthetic forms are toxic in and of themselves. Derivatives can also be toxic, even if the body makes them itself, either because they are highly unstable, or because the body needs them at an exact timing and quantity, which it can only manage if it can make it itself whenever it needs. And because it is geared towards making as much as it needs when it needs it, it has no way to store excess beneficially, so excess causes inflammation, which is exactly what happens if you take derivatives instead of parent forms.
Inert forms Vitamin C-DAA, which is synthetic and does not even heal scurvy, as opposed to the real Vitamin C-LAA,
Top Vitamin C-LAA food sources in descending order are: kakadu plums, rose hips, Acerola cherries, guava’s, yellow bell peppers, chili peppers, black currants, parsley, mustard spinach, red bell peppers, kale, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, green bell peppers and kiwi’s.
1.tsd 1 disturbing derivatives Vitamin A, oral Vitamin D, Omega-3-EPA and Omega-3-DHA
Don’t take Vitamin A, Retinol. Take Beta-carotene from natural food sources, not from supplements. Beta-carotene from supplements is not the natural, beneficial Cis Beta-carotene found in fruit and vegetables, but harmful Trans Beta-carotene, which is synthetic.
Vitamin D from supplements is not the same as Vitamin D from the sun. Vitamin D from supplements is harmful, Vitamin D from the sun is beneficial. To know how long you need to stay in the sun to get the RDA, see the UV for D sunchart in Motherhat III in chapter d.6.D.1. or Dandhea Book I part II chapter 7.6.D.1. It’s surprisingly short, and we can store the excess long enough even for people near the North and South poles to get through the winter months without depleted Vitamin D levels as long as they have gotten enough sun in the Summer, which is very easy to do.
We need most of our Omega-3 in the parent form of Omega-3-ALA. From that the body can make as much Omega-3-DHA and Omega-EPA as it needs., which is only a few percent. It can’t revert Omega-3-DHA or Omega-3-EPA back to its parent form though. For beneficial Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA. For Omega-3-ALA food sources and how to eat it in balance with Omega-6-LA, see Dandhea Book III part I chapter 1, Dandhea Book I Part II chapter 7.6.2.2. or Motherhat I chapter d.2.2.
2. tsd2 toxic sources of Omega’s, if the oil is GMO or full of transfats what use is it if there is Omega-6-LA in an oil, or if an oil has the perfect balance of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA?
To see which fats are healthy, see Dandhea Book I Part I chapter I and Book I part III Chapter 7. 2 or Motherhat I chapter d.2.
3.tsd3. damaging forms confused with true forms: Trans beta-carotene instead of the natural cis betacarotene, synthetic niacinamide instead of the real Niacin or nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3.
Fake Vitamin B9, folic acid, which is toxic and stops real vitamin B9, folate. Fake vitamin B12, Cyanocobalamin which is synthetic, with Methyl Cobalamin, Vitamin B12, fake Vitamin E mono instead of the real Vitamin E octo
Misleading information on how to get them.
Not telling us all the B vitamins are made by the microbiome. Telling us Vitamin B is ubiquitous in food, but not telling us it does leech into what ever we heat it in, so that you need to consume that as well to get the full benefit. See Dandhea Book I Part III Chapter 7.6.B and Motherhat III chapter d.6.B.
Pretending that synthetic probiotics are as good as natural ones. They are not. Synthetic probiotics are harmful, natural ones are incredibly beneficial. Find them in Motherhat I Chapter d. I and in Dandhea Book III chapter 7.1.
A Nutrients for Oxytocin, The Love Protein, is. Magnesium.
Magnesium improves Oxytocin Receptor Function and has a seesaw relation with cortisol. Magnesium is soulmates with Potassium. Magnesium is enhanced by Boron. Enemies: Inhibited by Calcium and Phytic Acid
Walnuts, Pecan Nuts, Sunflower Seeds and Raw Spinach
Nutrients for Endorphin,, The Pain Killer, are:
Dark chocolate, Fats, carbohydrates, Vitamin C-LAA, Spicy foods, Rhodiola (use Rhodiola sparingly, it’s very strong)
Panax ginseng and Vanilla bean are natural anti-depressants.
Behaviors that stimulate Dopamine are: goal achievement, gratitude, spending time in nature, prayer, novelty, beauty, nasal breathing.
Behaviors that stimulate Serotonin production are: regular exercise, gratitude, dwelling on happy memories, positive prayer, pleasant social interactions and nasal breathing.
Behaviors that stimulate Oxytocin production are: kindness, a consensual hug, dancing, massage, connections with loved ones in any way, can also be through social media.
Behaviors that stimulate Endorphin production are: exercise, laughing, listening to music dancing and touch.
Scents that stimulate Dopamine production are Bergamot, Lavender, and Lemon
Scents that stimulate Serotonin production are Bergamot, Lavender, and Lemon
Scents that stimulate Oxytocin production are Lavender, Neroli, Jasmine absolute. Roman chamomile Clary sage, and Indian sandalwood.
Scents that stimulate Endorphin production are Vanilla, Rose, Jasmine, and Lavender.
Happiness proteins are discussed in Motherhat II d.5 and Dandhea Book I part III chapter 7.5.
Why call them proteins and not neurotransmitters? Because some are not neurotransmitters but hormones, but they are all proteins.
“A”
Deficiency of most any nutrient has been linked to increased Covid-19 severity. So are Vitamins a cure for Covid, or is Covid a consequence of nutrient deficiencies? No matter what the answer is, the solution is the same: Prevent and cure Covid-19 with healthy nutrients from organic sources.
It’s hard to find a healthy nutrient that does not work against Covid-19.,which brings us to the “A” in Motherhat, the additional nutrients.
At the same time, it is equally hard to figure out what the healthy nutrients are. Two different names for Vitamins often means one of them is a synthetic, failed attempt at a copy of a vitamin that doesn’t have the properties or the benefits of the vitamin it tries to mimic. That’s why I talk about Vitamin C-LAA, because that’s the real Vitamin C. The Vitamin C-DAA that’s often in supplements does not even heal scurvy!
Vitamin C-LAA is in rose hips, Acerola cherries, guava’s, yellow bell peppers, chili peppers, black currants, parsley, mustard spinach, red bell peppers, kale, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, green bell peppers and kiwi’s.
The highest destruction of ascorbic acid or Vitamin C-LAA occurs at temperatures between 85 and 95°C, especially after 10 minutes of cooking time.
Official advice on how to take vitamins is often inconsistent with peer reviewed scientific research. I thought the research contradicting official information was just on Omega’s. But there is research contradicting official information on every vitamin. Luckily it is possible to get to the reliable research, and that’s what I have shared here in an easily applicable way.
Not only do all the nutrients listed in Motherhat heal Covid-19, many of them also have deficiency symptoms that match Covid-19.
Let’s name a few.
Covid looks a lot like Zinc deficiency, which is caused by Calcium overload, which is caused by Vitamin D supplementation, which is advised as a Covid prevention, while oral Vitamin D supplementation is always a bad idea. You should get Vitamin D from the sun. And you don’t even need to stay in it very long as can be seen in the UV for D sun chart in Motherhat III chapter d.6.D. 1 and Dandhea Book I part III chapter 7.6.D.1. Nor do you have to be nearly nude. Even just the eyes can be enough, without looking in the sun of course.
To get Vitamin D from the sun, which is the only healthy way, you need, cholesterol. Statins block cholesterol, a valuable substance that helps out where other elements fail to do their job, and that gets blamed for the damage, while all it does is try to repair what others do wrong. That’s why here it’s called an Emergency nutrient, that jumps in wherever there is an emergency, while having its own extremely important tasks. The important tasks Cholesterol normally has is maker of Vitamin D together with the help of sunlight and maker of all the hormones as well as of the myelin sheath around nerve cells.
Cholesterol is made by coenzyme a, which is made by Vitamin B5, or Pantothenic acid, which is made in the gut, but is also in the following foods: Shiitake mushrooms, Sunflower seeds, Whey, Raw White Button Mushrooms, Avocados, Peanuts, wheat germ, Camembert, Walnuts, Raw Endives, Brie, Guava’s, Whole Milk, Whole Yogurt, Sesame seeds and Kefir.
Covid-19 mortality victims are all short on Vitamin D we are told., The elderly get put on Statins all the time, and thus are short on cholesterol, thus unable to make Vitamin D from sunlight, besides missing out on all cholesterol’s essential tasks. No wonder they get confused and break bones! How many signs of old age are just symptoms of over medication? Very many!
There are so many factors that influence Vitamin -D formation, that it is suspiciously short sighted to immediately assume any Vitamin D shortage comes from lack of sunlight. Not just Statins, but high fructose corn syrup, lack of Vitamin B5, Alcohol abuse, Smoking, all these factors and more can cause lack of Vitamin D formation.
And why are they testing the blood for Vitamin D? It’s a hormone, which is hardly ever in the blood, and all cells can make it from sunlight, so why would it ever need to be in blood? Even if people were to have the physical symptoms of lack of vitamin D, which would show up as bad teeth and weak bones, there are still many things that could cause that. That’s something to consider in all deficiencies. It doesn’t have to be caused by the nutrient that is deficient. It can be a deficiency in any of the nutrients it depends on for metabolism, or an overload of an enemy nutrient or seesaw nutrient. That’s why it’s so important to understand how nutrients are related.(See Dandhea Book I part III Chapter 7.7.b.1. or Motherhat III chapter d.7.b1)
Thus Vitamin D needs to be taken in the Vitamin D-cluster for optimal results Vitamin D Cluster: 1.Vitamin D through Sunlight, 2. Vitamin B5 for Co Enzyme A for cholesterol, 3. Calcium, 4. Magnesium, 5. Vitamin K1 and Lactobacillus Lactis for Vitamin K2, 6. Lysine 7. Phosphorus 8. Sulfur 9. Zinc 9.1 The Zinc Ionophores, 10. Boron
And Vitamin C-LAA in the Vitamin C cluster, 1. Vitamin C-LAA, 2. Sodium, 3. Iodine, 3.a. Selenium, 4. Potassium, 5. Iron, 6. Copper, 7. Vitamin B.9.Folate, 8.Vitamin B12, Cobalamin. 9. Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine,
All with organic foods, because what’s in supplements is usually not the real Vitamin, and often even sabotages the real Vitamin!
Find them all in Motherhat part III and Dandhea Book I, part III,, together with their food sources and the best preparation methods.
All B-Vitamins are made in the gut, but the only ones we hear about are the ones that are sabotaged by their phony synthetic evil twins that block them, or that are blocked by certain foods we eat a lot of.
While Vitamin B3, or niacin is a healthy way to control cholesterol, not from supplements, but from food sources. what is in supplements is fake niacin, niacinamide. That blocks real niacin, which is in Oatmeal, Sunflower seeds, Peanuts, Chia seeds, Bread, Mushrooms, Flax seeds, Brown rice, Pumpkin seeds, Beans and lentils, Avocado’s and Walnuts
Many extra-pulmonary symptoms of Covid-19 strikingly resemble those of pellagra, Vitamin B3 deficiency(e.g., diarrhea, dermatitis, oral cavity and tongue manifestations, loss of smell and taste, mental confusion).2
Covid-19 not only resembles Vitamin B12 deficiency, Covid 19 symptoms are also alleviated with Vitamin B12 containing foods.3 And yes, there are more than enough nutrients in organic food to heal us. That’s what we knew intuitively for ages, and it has been shown again and again through research, by Dr. William Li’s research well. 4
How do we get Vitamin B12 deficiency when our gut makes it? Because of the Folic Acid we get bombarded with as a food additive and as a supplement. Folic acid is not Folate, the real Vitamin B9 we make ourselves and which is found in natural foods, Folic acid is oil based, Folate is water based. And since Vitamin B12 is needed for Vitamin B9, Folate synthesis, if we have a constant supply of it, stored in our fat cells, which is where all the Folic Acid goes, Vitamin B12 is depleted, and we not only get Folate shortage, but Vitamin B12 shortage as well, with all the horrible symptoms that go along with that, symptoms that resemble Covid-19 and which disappear when Vitamin B12 is replenished. And we do not need animal products for anything. For every animal source, there is a superior plant source. Where do you think the animals get it from? You also don’t need animals for Vitamin B12. Kombucha and Seaweed have far more of it than any animal source.
It’s Folic Acid that Vitamin B12 should not be combined with. But since Folic Acid is in our fat cells all the time, just waiting to deplete us of Vitamin B12 and blocking Folate, there is no way to avoid taking Vitamin B12 combined with it if you have it in your system. So avoid it. Read the labels, It’s everywhere, and it’s toxic.
You do have to combine Vitamin B12, Cobalamin, with real Vitamin B9, Folate. And to top it off, the synthetic form of Vitamin B12, Cyanocobalamin, is not Vitamin B12 at all! It is connected to a cyanide molecule instead of to a Methyl molecule like the real Vitamin B12. Real Vitamin B12, Cobalamin, combined with real Vitamin B9, Folate, is necessary for making red blood cells, while cyanide blocks cellular respiration by binding to and inactivating hemoglobin! How cynical is that? Cyanocobalamin is another fake supplement to stay away from.
Here are some top Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources, like all lists in descending order: Kombucha, Chiorella, Nori seaweed and other seaweed as well, Shiitake mushrooms, Swiss cheese, Emmentaler, Brie, Oyster mushrooms, and also black trumpet mushrooms, Porcini mushrooms, parasol mushroom and black morels, Yogurt and Kefir.
Vitamin B9, Folate food sources are Chickpeas, Peanuts, Sunflower seeds, Cranberry Beans, Spinach, Lentils, Roman Beans, Broccoli, Raw, Pinto Beans, Asparagus, Lettuce, Kidney Beans, Avocado and Green Peas.
Notice how tasty many of the Vitamin B9 and Vitamin B12 sources are together? What should be eaten together also tastes good together.
And then you have the Avidin in raw eggs that destroys Vitamin B7, Biotin. Raw eggs are used in many recipe’s, also in mayonnaise. Vitamin B7 shortage makes you bald too.
Vitamin B7, Biotin is in Peanuts, Sunflower seeds, Walnuts, Almonds, white button mushrooms, Pecan nuts, sweet potatoes, Strawberries, Bread, Broccoli, Avocados and Tomatoes. If you want a negative Covid test, eat that!
And don’t believe that the uptake of non-heme iron from plants is too low. All you have to do is add some vinegar, lemon or seaweed for Phytase to counter phytic acid, and the uptake goes up from 8% to 88%! That also makes it much more tasty, Foods with iron are Thyme, sesame seeds. Cacao, pumpkin seeds, hemp seeds, Chia seeds, cashews, flax seeds and chick peas.
And please don’t believe the lie that you need to eat meat for sufficient iron. Non-heme iron from plants is superior to the heme-iron in meat, just as beta-carotene, which is in plants, is superior to Vitamin A, which is in eggs and meat. The body can store non- heme iron as long as it wants and use it when it needs it. Not so with heme-iron. The body can not store it, and it wreaks havoc when there is too much, which is fast.
All B Vitamins are heat stable, but they do leech into the water or fat you prepare them in, so consume whatever you boiled or fried them in. Not what you soaked them in. Water the pants with that, or use it as a pesticide. Lectins are not good for you, and is also why you should never under cook beans, and certainly not eat them raw.
Some B-Vitamins, like Vitamin B2, Riboflavin, are light sensitive, so store them in the dark. And some, like Vitamin B5, Pantothenic Acid, break down under alkaline circumstance, so adding baking soda to the water you cook them in is a very bad idea.
Iron is in a seesaw relationship with Zinc, meaning that high iron means low zinc and vice versa. Consequently high iron is linked to severe Covid, and like Calcium, causes Zinc deficiency.
Like all minerals, iron is practically indestructible, so it will not be destroyed by heat. Like all minerals, it does tend to leak into the oil or water it is heated in, another reason to consume that.
Next to Zinc deficiency, Calcium overload causes arterial plaque. It causes Iron and Magnesium to be blocked. It also causes Phosphorus deficiency, making the blood too acidic. For the consequences of that, look up Metabolic acidosis in chapter d.5.D.7. Phosphorus.
Magnesium is in Pumpkin Seeds, Raw Cacao, Roasted Cocoa, Almonds, Flax Seeds, Sesame Seeds, Cashew Nuts, Chia Seeds, Buckwheat, Pine Nuts, Bulgur, Hazelnuts, Walnuts, Pecan Nuts, Sunflower Seeds and Raw Spinach
Boron alleviates Vitamin D deficiency symptoms, Enhances calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and estrogen
Like Pepperine, Boron also enhances the effects of curcumin against SARS-CoV-25
Boron food sources are Raisins, Almonds, Hazelnuts, Apricots, Avocado’s, Prunes, Peanuts, Brazil nuts, Walnuts, Kidney beans, Cashews, Dates, Lentils, Chickpeas, Peaches and Celery
Phosphorus deficiency is linked to Covid mortality, Phosphorus is in pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, Cheddar cheese, Swiss cheese. Parmesan cheese, Romano Peccorino, Pimento, Shredded Parmesan cheese, hard goat cheese, Brazil nuts, Amaranth, Buckwheat, Lentils, Rice, Quinoa and Spelt.
Zinc is so central that many of the Covid-19. remedies are zinc ionophores, that help Zinc cross the cell membrane more easily.
Zinc is in Cocoa, Aloe Vera, Chickpeas, White Beans, Hemp Seeds, Pumpkin Seeds, Black Eyed Peas, Black Beans, Navy Beans, Green peas, Pine Nuts, Cashews, Chia Seeds, Pecan Nuts, Sunflower Seeds, Cooked Spinach, Lima Beans, Flax Seeds, Swiss Cheese, Parmesan Cheese, Brazil Nuts, Walnuts, Almonds, Hazelnuts and Oatmeal
Zinc ionophores are: a. Quinine, b. Quercetin. c. Quinoline, d. EGCG and e. Hesperidin
Quinine food sources are Grapefruit and Walnuts.
Quercetin food sources are Capers, Elderberries. Dille, Aloe Vera, Cilantro, Onions, Cranberries, Red Lettuce, Red Onions, Asparagus, Kale, Red Bell Peppers, Romaine Lettuce, Green Bell Peppers, Lingonberries and Cocoa.
Quinoline food sources are tea, cocoa and cocoa products, herbs and spices.
Hesperidin food sources are blood oranges, clementines, sweet oranges, tangerines, lemons, limes, grapefruits, Aloe vera and cocoa.
EGCG: is enhanced by Curcumin, which is in Turmeric. And black pepper enhances the uptake of curcumin with 2000%.
So if you eat zinc, combine it with one of them, like EGCG in green tea, or Quinoline in any tea or herb. EGCG is strengthened by curcumin, and curcumin is strengthened by pepper. And if you eat y your oatmeal with some milk kefir and orange and you drink the Monday blend from the herb rotation schedule, you have zinc from the oatmeal, and pepper, EGCG, Quinoline, and turmeric and pepper from the tea.
And do that with every snack and meal. Make the smart, nutrient uptake enhancing combinations, as are also shown in the Dandhea recipe’s. Be the perfect caretaker for your body, create the perfect place inside and on your skin, and in your mouth for your microbiome, be a wonderful host to them. They work hard for you, put in some effort for them.
And no, the Tannins in tea don’t obstruct iron uptake. Research done in 2017 found that, so we can go ahead and have tea with, after or before our meals! See Chapter d.6.C.5.
Eat vitamins in their clusters:
Watch out for Zinc overload as well, since that causes Iron deficiency.
But Iron deficiency can also be caused by Copper deficiency, since next to Vitamin C-LAA, Iron needs Copper to metabolize in our bodies. Familiarize yourself with the relationships between nutrients so you know where to look if a shortage shows up.
So Iron also needs Vitamin C-LAA to be metabolized, as does Folate, and remember, Vitamin C-LAA needs sodium to be metabolized.
That means that whoever gets put on a salt free diet misses out out Vitamin C-LAA Folate and Iron as well! A sure death sentence!
Another reason salt is a good ally in the fight against Covid-19 is because it forms chlorine dioxide, which fights viruses, also Covid, and that raised sodium levels are associated with better survival chances in Covid infection.
The main Sodium food source is salt of course. Himalayan salt is the best choice, since it has all the other minerals as well,
But sodium is also in green pickled, Olives, Camembert black Olives Brie cheese Cottage cheese Emmentaler cheese Celery, raw Beets, raw Carrots, raw Broccoli. raw Peanuts,
Sodium has to be balanced with potassium in a1-2:1 balance., otherwise your blood pressure gets too high. Lowering blood pressure should be done with potassium and Omega-3-ALA, not with going salt free. That’s like cutting your hand off because you have a splinter in your finger. It defeats the purpose. Excessive water drinking, and that is anything that goes so far beyond quenching thirst it makes you gag, is bad for your potassium levels as well. Drink to thirst and desire, eat to taste. It makes you happier too.
Potassium food sources are: Sun Dried Tomatoes, Tomatoes, sun-dried, packed in oil, drained, Cocoa Powder, Potato Chips, Beet Greens, Raisins, Prunes, Peanuts, Figs, Baked Yams, Dates, French Fries, Adzuki beans, Sweet Potato greens and Lima Beans.
Beta-carotene is in Sweet Potatoes (not to be confused with Yams, that have less beta-carotene), Carrots, Kale, Spinach, Pumpkin, Butternut Squash, Tomatoes,, Oranges, Cantaloupe, Aloe Vera, Red Bell peppers, Apricots, Mango, Dandelions Broccoli, Peas, Squash, Yams, Garlic Mustard and Pumpkin seeds
And don’t confuse Beta-carotene with Vitamin A. Unlike Vitamin A, you can never get a Beta-carotene overload, since it can be stored. Vitamin A cannot, and causes havoc in the body when there is too much.
And also don’t confuse Beta-Carotene from food, which is beneficial, with Beta-carotene from supplements, which is not. That’s because Beta-carotene from food has cis Beta-carotene, while supplements only have trans Beta-carotene.
Beta-carotene increases with stir frying. See if the loss of Vitamin C is worth it. Beta-carotene is sensitive to heat but significant losses only occur after long periods of boiling. While stir-frying in the presence of a small quantity of oil leads to an enormous increase in the bioaccessibility of beta-carotene from vegetables, the increase being 263% (fenugreek leaves), 192% (amaranth leaves), 63% (carrot) and 53% (pumpkin), it decreases Vitamin C-LAA, The highest destruction of ascorbic acid or Vitamin C-LAA occurs at temperatures between 85 and 95°C, especially after 10 minutes of cooking time.
All these nutrients each have their own anti-Covid properties of course.
See how often the same foods come back? Most foods have more than one Covid-fighting nutrient in them. That’s why it’s a lot less hard to get to the promised more than 50 Covid fighting nutrients than it seems, especially if you include all the herbs and teas.
And those were all that healers of old used, with amazing results, even without the scientific knowledge we have now.
But it’s not the science that is followed. It is policies that have nothing to do with our well being.
Thus meat is still seen as the norm, while plant based foods take part in a symphony of life that makes us feel vibrant, like integrity, truth and beauty. That makes them far better than meat based ones, that often sit like dead weight in us, unresponsive and disturbing, like lies and deceit. But you have to know which plant based foods to eat in which balance, how to prepare them and how to combine them. That’s what you can find here.
Besides that, animal products often only have the nutrients in them that the animals got to eat, which is why cheese is not always a K2 source, it only is if the animals got fed K1, and yet in food lists it will be pretended if it’s always in there.
As a rule parent forms of nutrients are good, but derivatives are toxic, which seems strange because the body makes them itself. But the body makes them when and where it needs them and uses them immediately. It has no place to store the derivatives and they become a burden to it if there is an excess.
Vitamin E is another Vitamin the shortage of which has been associated with Covid-19, and which has a phony form in supplements that does not only not work, but that blocks real Vitamin E. Vitamin E octo is naturally occurring vitamin E exists in eight chemical forms (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol and alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocotrienol) that have varying levels of biological activity. Vitamin E mono synthetic Vitamin E consisting only of alpha tocopherol and blocking real Vitamin E
Vitamin E is heat stable but light sensitive, so store in the dark or in opaque packaging.
Vitamin E food sources are wheat germ oil, Hazelnut oil, Sunflower seeds, Almonds, Walnuts, Hazelnuts, Olive oil, Pine nuts, Peanuts, Brazil nuts, Avocados and raw spinach.
Selenium heals cancer and Covid, but too much makes you go bald. Selenium food sources are Brazil nuts, roasted sunflower seeds, chia seeds, raw sunflower seeds, oatmeal, whole grain pasta, mustard, roasted sesame seeds, freeze dried parsley, Kamut, couscous and flax seeds.
Other Covid fighting nutrients are the sulfur holding ones, which are sulfur itself in Himalaya salt,
Salt is a mineral, and thus heat stable.
Organosulfur, is in vegetables in the Allium and Brassica (Cruciferous) genus, i.e., onion, garlic, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, etc
Organosulfur Compounds in onion increase by 34.2-568.0% during frying, steaming and microwaving, whereas Organosulfur Compounds decrease by 32.6-69.4% during boiling.
Glucosinolates, which are found in cruciferous vegetables like Broccoli, Cauliflower, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Collard Greens, Kale, Capers, Turnips, Radishes, Daikon, Mustard, Watercress, Horse Radish, Wasabi.
All heat reduces the amount of Glucosinolates, so the best way to eat them is raw.
Sulforaphane, which is in Broccoli sprouts, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Kale, Brussels sprouts, Cabbage, both red and white varieties, Bok choy, Watercress, Arugula, also known as rocket.
Sulforaphane is unstable to heat. Sulforaphane appears as a stable compound when being exposed to light and in acidic condition with pH at 3.0.
MSM sulfur is a Covid fighter because of its role in making glutathione. It is in Tomatoes, Alfalfa sprouts, leafy green vegetables, Apples, Raspberries and whole grains.
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) sulfur is relatively inert chemically and is able to resist decomposition at elevated temperatures.
Methionine, of which the food sources are Nuts, Beans, Lentils, wheat germ, Spirulina, Milk Kefir and Cottage Cheese,
Methionine is heat stable.
Methionine is 86% decomposed after 24 h at 180 degrees C.
Taurine is another sulfur containing nutrient. Its Covid fighting abilities are being researched. It can be found in Almonds, Cashew Nuts, Hazelnuts, Pine Nuts, Pumpkin Seeds and Dulse.
Taurine is not destroyed by cooking. However, taurine is water-soluble. Therefore, during any type of processing (including cooking) some taurine can be lost in the water. If the Taurine is cooked in water (boiled or steamed), it will lose more taurine than if it were baked.
Cysteine and glycine help with detoxing and freeing up testosterone receptors.
L-Cysteine is in Sunflower seeds, Swiss Cheese, Lentils, Oats, Kefir, Cottage Cheese, Yogurt, Carrots and Couscous.
Glycine food sources are Pumpkin seeds, Hemp seeds, Peanuts, Sunflower seeds, Flax seeds, Sesame seeds, Pistachio nuts, Oats, Walnuts, Quinoa, Hard cheese, Almonds, Pasta, Bread, White beans/Navy beans and Split Peas.
Amino acid analyses of the heated samples showed that most of the amino acids, like L-Cysteine, are stable up to 120 degrees C. Initially, at higher temperatures, an almost rectilinear decrease takes place which reaches a critical stage at 160 degrees C.
Lysine is stable during heat treatment. The content of lysine was only 3.3% lower even heated at 100 °C for 36 hours.
Proteins and amino acids are not heat sensitive, but like minerals and vitamins, do leek into the fluids they were prepared them so always consume those!
In studies Iodine was shown to clear Corona virus. Iodine food sources are: Kombu kelp, Wakame, Nori, Iodized Salt, Greek Yogurt, Cheddar Cheese and Milk Kefir.
Iodine is a mineral, so it’s heat stable.
Selenium enables Iodine.
Selenium heals cancer and Covid, but too much makes you go bald. Selenium food sources are Brazil nuts, roasted sunflower seeds, chia seeds, raw sunflower seeds, oatmeal, whole grain pasta, mustard, roasted sesame seeds, freeze dried parsley, Kamut, couscous and flax seeds.
Each nutrient deficiency and overload has its symptoms, which you can learn to recognize and solve within minutes instead of the fruitless agony the medical system seems to enjoy putting us through. Not all those in it, and probably out of ignorance. But a surprising number of doctors know much more than they can let on. Often they wait until they win Nobel prizes before they say how they really feel. Listen to those acceptance speeches, you’ll hear them say the same things as are written here. But who listens to Nobel lectures, right? I encourage you to do so. They are very entertaining and enlightening, and referencing those will add weight to your arguments for a tyranny free health care system.
“T”
The last “T” in Motherhat is for Timing, Combining, Preparing and Planning.
Besides which nutrients you take, when you take them and how you prepare them is important for getting optimal benefits from the nutrients.
When cooking rice or beans, or anything for that matter, please don’t throw out the water you boiled it in. That’s where much of the vitamins leak into, so make a nice soup or sauce from that! Often it’s already very tasty and you don’t have to add anything, since you already added salt for cooking.
You can’t overcook your beans. The Vitamins will just leech out in the cooking water. So use that for soups and sauces. Don’t add vinegar or baking soda to the water when you are cooking vegetables. Acidity or alkalinity combined with heat destroys Vitamin B5, Pentathenic Acid. Cooking in salt does not destroy the B- Vitamins. You can’t over cook beans. You can under cook them though. That’s what causes windiness. So always double check if the beans are really done before taking them off the stove. They should be completely soft.
I use the 2-4-8 proportions to decide how much water and salt I should add to beans, which have soaked for 24 hours. After throwing the soak water in the plants and rinsing t 2 half cups of beans, I put them in a pan with 8 half cups of filtered water with 4 teaspoons of Himalayan salt and cook the beans until they are completely soft. The water I cooked them in is perfect as soup. I don’t have to add anything, it tastes wonderful just as it is.
Prepare and plan your days to eat healthy meals and snacks, use the Dandhea 3 Day Dinner Cycle described in chapter d.7.d. for the most nutrients, with the least trouble and waste.
Realize that when you are combining Himalayan salt, Vinegar and Olive oil, a traditional combination for salad dressing you are doing a Revici, who cured cancer with sulfur and Omega-6-LA. And with the Omega-6-LA in the olive oil, all the wonderful nutrients in your salad are carried to where they are needed most, namely to lesions in cell membranes, the only place with free fatty acids, that pulls the Omega-6-LA with any healing nutrient it carries in like a magnet.
Realize that when you are drinking tea with your oatmeal, you are combining zinc with the most powerful of zinc ionophores, Quinoline, in tea., doing a Treben, who healed given up cancer patients within a week just with tea. And if you add Flax seed to your muesli with oatmeal and some salt you are doing a Johanna Budwig as well, who cured cancer combining Omega-3-ALA with Sulfur to cure cancer. You are doing the treatment she used to cure cancer patients that were given up by the medical establishment within a week, just as Maria Treben did, as a daily routine by just eating a tasty breakfast in the morning and a nice salad with lunch or dinner in the afternoon or evening as a snack. Nothing could be more normal and noninvasive. And combining the Ramisse herbs with some organic extra virgin olive oil for a targeted Covid response if you have symptoms is creating a powerhouse of herbs to bombard any virus with.
That’s the nice thing about knowledge. You can’t be tricked into depressing diets and tone deaf therapies anymore, because you know they’re fake, and that thanks to how our microbiomes work, what’s healthy is tasty to us and makes us happy, thus stimulating the happiness proteins that are also so important for immunity. Any treatment that ignores that fact is probably not really meant to heal you. Same goes for any treatment that harms your microbiome.
Let’s practice our right to Health oriented, Evidence based. Science backed and Practice confirmed ways of preventing and healing disease instead of the Profit oriented, Fluff based, Finance backed, Deceitfully pushed mess we are in now, so that healing through toxin free, natural. diet and care becomes a welcome norm instead of a frowned upon exception, and toxin free, natural healing becomes as abundant and normal, as delightful and delicious as dandelions in springtime!
Footnotes
1Cellular Defensive Mechanisms of Tea Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship, PMC, August 24, 2021, Truong VL, Jeong WS. Cellular Defensive Mechanisms of Tea Polyphenols: Structure-Activity Relationship. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 24;22(17):9109. doi: 10.3390/ijms22179109. PMID: 34502017; PMCID: PMC8430757., Van-Long Truong and Woo-Sik Jeong*, Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; moc.liamg@orpgnolgnourt*Correspondence: rk.ca.unk@gnoejsw; Tel.: +82-53-950-5775, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430757
2COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3?PubMed, April 13, 2022, Novak Kujundžić R. COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3? Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 13;23(8):4309. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084309. PMID: 35457123; PMCID: PMC9032523.Renata Novak Kujundžić 1 Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35457123
3Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
4Substances studied for countering abnormal angiogenesis, TedEd, April 8, 2014, Can we eat to starve cancer? William Li,https://youtu.be/OjkzfeJz66o
5Boron enhances the antiviral activity of the curcumin against SARS-CoV-2, PMC, July-September 2020, Scorei IR, Biţă A, Mogoşanu GD. Letter to the Editor: Boron enhances the antiviral activity of the curcumin against SARS-CoV-2. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2020 Jul-Sep;61(3):967-970. doi: 10.47162/RJME.61.3.39. PMID: 33817742; PMCID: PMC8112755., Ion Romulus Scorei,1 Andrei Biţă,1,2 and George Dan Mogoşanu1,2, 1BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., Podari, Dolj County, Romania2Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, RomaniaCorresponding Author: Ion Romulus Scorei Professor, Biochem, PhD, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania, Phone: +40351–407 543, moc.oohay@noi_sulumor, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8112755/
Reader discretion: graphic images that will not be in the book. Adults only.
If you know the story of Phineas Gage, you can see what massive neuron damage can look like.
Phineas P. Gage (1823–1860) was an American railroad construction foreman remembered for his improbable[ survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven completely through his head, destroying much of his brain’s left frontal lobe, and for that injury’s reported effects on his personality and behavior over the remaining 12 years of his life—effects sufficiently profound that friends saw him (for a time at least) as “no longer Gage”.1
In 1848, Gage, 25, was the foreman of a crew cutting a railroad bed in Cavendish, Vermont. On September 13, as he was using a tamping iron to pack explosive powder into a hole, the powder detonated. The tamping iron—43 inches long, 1.25 inches in diameter and weighing 13.25 pounds—shot skyward, penetrated Gage’s left cheek, ripped into his brain and exited through his skull, landing several dozen feet away. 2
Image: The iron’s path, Skull diagram of Phineas Gage3
Image: CGI image of rod piercing Phineas Gage’s skull4
Though blinded in his left eye, he might not even have lost consciousness, and he remained savvy enough to tell a doctor that day, “Here is business enough for you.”5
Gage’s initial survival would have ensured him a measure of celebrity, but his name was etched into history by observations made by John Martyn Harlow, the doctor who treated him for a few months afterward. Gage’s friends found him“no longer Gage,” Harlow wrote. The balance between his “intellectual faculties and animal propensities” seemed gone. He could not stick to plans, uttered “the grossest profanity” and showed “little deference for his fellows.” The railroad-construction company that employed him, which had thought him a model foreman, refused to take him back. So Gage went to work at a stable in New Hampshire, drove coaches in Chile and eventually joined relatives in San Francisco, where he died in May 1860, at age 36, after a series of seizures.7
In time, Gage became the most famous patient in the annals of neuroscience, because his case was the first to suggest a link between brain trauma and personality change. In his book An Odd Kind of Fame: Stories of Phineas Gage, the University of Melbourne’s Malcolm Macmillan writes that two-thirds of introductory psychology textbooks mention Gage. Even today, his skull, the tamping iron and a mask of his face made while he was alive are the most sought-out items at the Warren Anatomical Museum on the Harvard Medical School campus.8
A report of Gage’s physical and mental condition shortly before his death implies that his most serious mental changes were temporary, so that in later life he was far more functional, and socially far better adapted, than in the years immediately following his accident. A social recovery hypothesis suggests that his work as a stagecoach driver in Chile fostered this recovery by providing daily structure that allowed him to regain lost social and personal skills.10
Image Phineas Gage photograph with frame 11 Photograph of cased-daguerreotype studio portrait of brain-injury survivor Phineas P. Gage (1823–1860) shown holding the tamping iron which injured him. Includes view of original embossed brass mat. From the collection of Jack and Beverly Wilgus. Like most daguerreotypes, the image seen in this artifact is laterally (left-right) reversed; therefore a second, compensating reversal has been applied to produce this image, so as to show Gage as he appeared in life. That this shows Gage correctly is confirmed by contemporaneous medical reports describing his injuries, as well as from the injuries visible in Gage’s skull and life mask, still preserved. Digitally enhanced and manually retouched.12
Eventhough statistics are limited in what they can measure, they already show vaccines are harming us. 13
What do I mean with limited? How would Phinneas Gage’s14 state show up in a statistic? You can’t make a statistic where you show people lose who they are, especially of it concerns children , who never got a chance to show it in the first place.
What if you have the potential to be a great pianist, and a vaccine takes out the neurons that you need for that ability? How does that show up in a statistic? What if you have an excellent sense of direction, and you lose that after a vaccine? How does that show up in a statistic? What if a baby says his first words after 3 months, and after a vaccine stops talking as much, stops really liking to communicate? How does that show up in a statistic?
Alice lost her muchness, the mad hatter said in Alice in Wonderland. That’s what vaccines do to so many of us.
Aluminum and mercury kill neurons. They sabotage the growth of the amygdala, which is needed for social behavior. And that’s what is put in childhood vaccines, by companies who have art symbolizing a desire for world dominance, who have exemptions from being tried before a court of law when they mess up, who, make huge profits even if they need to pay fines for lethal drugs. Who else is creeped out?
So that’s why Nobel Prize winning remedies are forgotten. Companies with unlimited financial means find it profitable to keep us sick and control whether we live or die. That’s also the change they made to the Hippocratic oath in 1964.
What is damaged most is specifically that which gets the most blood, 15which is what children are best at. So they lose their muchness, as the Mad Hatter in Alice and Wonderland16 would say, and are pulled down to an average level, while always feeling that sense of loss, while not knowing why. The loss they feel is the loss of their future. The loss of the plan Our Heavenly Father had for them when He designed them for what they were supposed to do to feel fulfilled and to build heaven on earth.
And it is a loss for the world as well, because we don’t get to bask in their talents anymore.
So even if they don’t all get autism, they all lose something no one ever knew they had. But the children feel the loss, not knowing why they feel that way and leaving them confused. So while they may not all turn up with severe brain damage, as is shown here17, they all lose something. And if some don’t lose anything, it can be because of the total lack of control what goes in them, the lack of consistency in the vile, which may contain larger amounts of mercury, or none at all, depending on where in the barrels they are and whether the vile has been shaken adequately.
With vaccines being pre approved,18 there is no way of telling what is in them.
Micro biologist Shiv Chopra PhD, former vaccine expert at Health Canada, states that there is no such thing as a safe vaccine, and he adds another explanation why vaccine damage may look so differently from one person to the next.
He says: “In the vaccines there are not just the foreign proteins I talked about, there are also heavy metals. There is mercury, there is aluminum, there is fish oil, there is beef serum, there is pig serum, there is gelatin. All these untested dangerous materials. And formaldehyde, causing cancer. All these cellular agents that are not even declared. They’re in the vaccine. So when you take this shot, this injection, as it goes in, it explodes inside your body like a cluster bomb, and hits every part and organ of the body. What ever it hits gets knocked out. If it’s the brain, the child gets a fever for a day, and the next day the mother says: what happened to this child? It becomes autistic. If the pancreas gets in the way, there is diabetes. If the thyroid comes in the way, there is obesity. And then there are all these viruses causing cancer.”19
The pineal gland isn’t known to be damaged by vaccines. Fluoridation and caffeine calcifies it.20 And with a less functional pineal gland, mercury damage is less likely to heal.21
You can’t say they’re not thorough. They have all the exits covered.
The pattern is that when they take one substance out because it is finally proven to be toxic, they replace it with an even more toxic one, like when they replaced mercury with aluminum22 in vaccines.
And if you think aluminum is any better, think again.
A study published in 2013 in pubmed says:
We have examined the neurotoxicity of aluminum in humans and animals under various conditions, following different routes of administration, and provide an overview of the various associated disease states. The literature demonstrates clearly negative impacts of aluminum on the nervous system across the age span. In adults, aluminum exposure can lead to apparently age-related neurological deficits resembling Alzheimer’s and has been linked to this disease and to the Guamanian variant, ALS-PDC. Similar outcomes have been found in animal models. In addition, injection of aluminum adjuvants in an attempt to model Gulf War syndrome and associated neurological deficits leads to an ALS phenotype in young male mice. In young children, a highly significant correlation exists between the number of pediatric aluminum-adjuvanted vaccines administered and the rate of autism spectrum disorders. Many of the features of aluminum-induced neurotoxicity may arise, in part, from autoimmune reactions, as part of the ASIA syndrome.23
11Phineas Gage photograph with frame, Wikipedia, December 19, 2008, Photograph by Jack and Beverly Wilgus of daguerreotype originally from their collection, and now in the Warren Anatomical Museum, Center for the History of Medicine, Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Enlarged using Waifu2x and retouched by Joe Haythornthwaite (see notes on talk page). — Travail personnel, ttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phineas_Gage#/media/Fichier:Phineas_Gage_Cased_Daguerreotype_WilgusPhoto2008-12-19_EnhancedRetouched_Color.jpg
12Phineas Gage photograph with frame, Wikipedia, December 19, 2008, Photograph by Jack and Beverly Wilgus of daguerreotype originally from their collection, and now in the Warren Anatomical Museum, Center for the History of Medicine, Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Enlarged using Waifu2x and retouched by Joe Haythornthwaite (see notes on talk page). — Travail personnel, ttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phineas_Gage#/media/Fichier:Phineas_Gage_Cased_Daguerreotype_WilgusPhoto2008-12-19_EnhancedRetouched_Color.jpg
20Pineal gland dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: relationship with the immune-pineal axis, sleep disturbance, and neurogenesis,PubMed, July 11, 2019,Song J. Pineal gland dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: relationship with the immune-pineal axis, sleep disturbance, and neurogenesis. Mol Neurodegener. 2019 Jul 11;14(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13024-019-0330-8. PMID: 31296240; PMCID: PMC6624939. Juhyun Song 1 , Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. juhyunsong@chonnam.ac.kr., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31296240/
21Melatonin protects against mercury(II)-induced oxidative tissue damage in rats, PubMed, December 2003, Sener G, Sehirli AO, Ayanoglu-Dülger G. Melatonin protects against mercury(II)-induced oxidative tissue damage in rats. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2003 Dec;93(6):290-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.2003.pto930607.x. PMID: 14675463., Göksel Sener 1, A Ozer Sehirli, Gül Ayanoglu-Dülger, Marmara University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14675463/
22How aluminum in vaccines damages the nervous system, April 6, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XO9tJo2Gwog This video was taken down, but the damgiung effect of vaccines has been scientifucally researched and confirmed: Aluminum in the central nervous system (CNS): toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity, PubMed, July 2013, Shaw CA, Tomljenovic L. Aluminum in the central nervous system (CNS): toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity. Immunol Res. 2013 Jul;56(2-3):304-16. doi: 10.1007/s12026-013-8403-1. PMID: 23609067. C A Shaw 1, L Tomljenovic, 1Neural Dynamics Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), 828 W. 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L8, Canada. cashawlab@gmail.com, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23609067/
23Aluminum in the central nervous system (CNS): toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity, PubMed, July 2013, Shaw CA, Tomljenovic L. Aluminum in the central nervous system (CNS): toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity. Immunol Res. 2013 Jul;56(2-3):304-16. doi: 10.1007/s12026-013-8403-1. PMID: 23609067. C A Shaw 1, L Tomljenovic, 1Neural Dynamics Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), 828 W. 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L8, Canada. cashawlab@gmail.com, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23609067/
Chapter 8.8.4.b.1. from Dandhea Book I, only I left the most graphic pictures out so it is still a family friendly book,
Q.1. I would like to use sesame oil instead of sunflower seeds as an Omega-6-LA source. How much do I need to get a 1:4 balance with 2 grams of alpha-linolenic-acid?
A.1. For 8 grams of linoleic acid from sesame seed oil, you need to take 1 table spoon of sesame seed oil.
As you see on the charts below from chapter 7.2. there are plenty of options for Omega-6-LA.
Find your favorite option, calculate how much you need for breakfast to get the right balance of Omega-3-AlA and Omega-6-LA for the organ you want to treat, and for the rest of the day eat as much Omega-6-LA as you like since your body uses any excess for nails, hair and skin, also the sknin on theinside of your veins.
Here you see the Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance in organs:
Q.2.Can I use sunflower oil instead of sunflower seeds as an Omega-6-LA source?
Grapeseed, sunflower, peanut, rice and canola oil are all very high in trans fats, even before heating. Peanut oil even has liver cancer causing toxins called afla toxins, which are associated with increased risk of liver cancer, stunted growth and mental retardation.
Q.3.Can’t I just use fish oil instead of flaxseeds for Omega-3-ALA?
No. Fish oil has no parent Omega 3, just the derivatives EPA and DHA
Taking Omega-3-DHA and Omega-3-EPA, whether as fish oil or another form, often leads to pharmacological overdoses, which can be harmful. The brain only needs 7.2 milligrams a day. Fish oil pills gives 100 times too much, and it goes bad in the body and causes inflammation.
Fish oil contains no Alpha-Linolenic-Acid, the parent Omega-3, just the Omega-3 derivatives EPA and DHA, while we need Omega-3-ALA for our cell membranes and our adaptive immune system, just as we need Omega-6-LA for our innate immune system. The body can do nothing with excess DHA and EPA, while when we eat plant based Omega-3-ALA it makes as much DHA and EPA as it needs and uses the rest of the Omega-3-ALA for the cell membranes. Besides, fish either contains mercury when it is caught in the wild or antibiotics and gmo’s from the food it gets if it is farmed. That aside from the environmental damage and the suffering for the fish that comes with fish consumption1. Even if you would want DHA and EPA, fish is not a good source, because EPA and DHA degrade at 50 degrees Celsius.2
The side effects of taking EPA and DHA rather than Alpha-Linolenic-Acid are:3
High Blood Sugar, Bleeding, Low Blood Pressure, Diarrhea, Acid Reflux, Stroke, Vitamin A Toxicity, Insomnia.
The many problems with fish oil:
a. Fish oil has no Alpha–Linolenic-Acid, and it is unhealthy.
b. Fish oil is contaminated with Mercury if it is caught in the wild
c. Fish oil is contaminated with Antibiotics if it’s farmed
d. you want Omega 3 ALA and Omega 6 LA. Not the EPA and the DHA in Fish oil.
Fish has no Omega-3-ALA, and the Omega-3 derivatives it has, DHA and EPA, deteriorate at 48.8 degrees Celsius. One of the reasons it is unhealthy, is because of how it is possessed. It was previously a by product of fish meal, used for animal food. 1.The traditional refining process includes several stages, such as degumming, neutralization, bleaching, deodorization and, in some cases, winterization, although this could be considered to a greater extent a PUFA concentration method. Each of the stages is especially important to remove the different classes of compounds (table 5) and is the most studied and industrially applied process for the refining of fish oils.2
f. fish oil goes rancid quickly, and then it becomes even more harmful to health because of the toxic by products it forms, such as
g. Approximately 50 fish are killed for each bottle of Fish Oil Omega-3 supplement.3
A study called Efficacy of Flaxseed and Fish Oils on Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Done January of 2022 concludes: ” flaxseed oil treatment was significantly more effective than fish oil treatment (p<0.05).”4
Here are Omega-3-ALA sources that are healthy:
So there are alternatives to flaxseed as an Omega-3-ALA source. Fish oil is not one of them!
Sources:
Metabolomics reveals the toxicological effects of polar compounds from frying palm oil†, From the journa Food&Function, Issue 2, 2020,
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China E-mail:yfliu@jiangnan.edu.cn, yjxutju@gmail.com
2Methods of extraction, refining and concentration of fish oil as a source of omega-3 fatty acids, Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria, September-December 2018, Print version ISSN 0122-8706, Corpoica cienc. tecnol. agropecu. vol.19 no.3 Mosquera Sep./Dec. 2018https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol19_num2_art:684 TRANSFORMATION AND AGRO-INDUSTRYMethods of extraction refining and concentration of fish oil as a source of omega-3 fatty acidsJeimmy Rocío Bonilla-Méndez1 * José Luis Hoyos-Concha2 1 Researcher, Universidad del Cauca, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Popayán, Colombia. Email: jrbonilla@unicauca.edu.co. orcid.org/0000-0001-5362-5950.2 Lecturer, Universidad del Cauca, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Popayán, Colombia. Email: jlhoyos@unicauca.edu.co. orcid.org/0000-0001-9025-9734. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-87062018000300645
2Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin,PMC, February 2, 2016, Hădărugă DI, Ünlüsayin M, Gruia AT, Birău Mitroi C, Rusu G, Hădărugă NG. Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin. Beilstein J Org Chem. 2016 Feb 2;12:179-91. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.12.20 PMID: 26977177 ; PMCID: PMC477852, Daniel I Hădărugă, 1,§ Mustafa Ünlüsayin,2 Alexandra T Gruia,3 Cristina Birău (Mitroi),4 Gerlinde Rusu,1 and Nicoleta G Hădărugă4 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Organic and Natural Compounds Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania2Department of Fish Processing Technology, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard, Campus Antalya, 07058 Antalya, Turkey3Regional Centre for Immunology and Transplant, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Timişoara, Iosif Bulbuca Blvd. 10, 300736 Timişoara, Romania4Department of Food Science, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Mihai I of Romania” – Timişoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timişoara, Romania Corresponding author.Daniel I Hădărugă: or.tpu@aguradah.leinad§Phone +40-256-404224; Fax: +40-256-403060https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4778528/ and Cholesterol is the fireman, not the fire! Dandhea,October 12, 2021,Anna Elize https://dandhea.wordpress.com/2021/10/12/cholesterol-is-the-fireman-not-the-fire/
4.Efficacy of Flaxseed and Fish Oils on Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis, PubMed, January, 2022,
Amjad S, Ahmad N, Afreen A, Ashraf S, Ahmed Z. Efficacy of Flaxseed and Fish Oils on Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Pak Med Assoc. 2022 Jan;72(1):22-26. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.02-290. PMID: 35099432.
1Department of Clinical Nutrition, NUR International University – Fatima Memorial System, Lahore, Pakistan. 2Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital and Medical Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. 3Department of Environmental Design Health and Nutritional Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 4Department of Environmental, Nutritional and Health Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
We are always told Vitamin B12 is fat soluble. It is not. It is water soluble. We are always told that we should not consume Folate and Vitamin B12 together, while it is essential they work together for the formation of red blood cells, and for forming serotonin and dopamine! We are told that Folic Acid hides Vitamin B12 deficiency, while Folic Acid interferes with B12 and aggravates B12 deficiency. And according to the Be Well study, Covid 19 not only resembles Vitamin B12 deficiency, Covid 19 symptoms are also alleviated with Vitamin B12 supplementation.
It says:
“Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell synthesis, nervous system health, myelin synthesis, cellular growth and the rapid synthesis of DNA. The active forms of vitamin B12are hydroxo-, adenosyl- and methyl-cobalamin. Vitamin B12acts as a modulator of gut microbiota and low levels of B12elevate methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, resulting in increased inflammation, reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress . Hyperhomocysteinemia causes endothelial dysfunction, activation of platelet and coagulation cascades, megaloblastic anemia, disruption of myelin sheath integrity and decreased immune responses.However, SARS-CoV-2 could interfere with vitamin B12metabolism, thus impairing intestinal microbial proliferation. Given that, it is plausible that symptoms of vitamin B12deficiency are close to COVID-19 infection such as elevated oxidative stress and lactate dehydrogenase, hyperhomocysteinemia, coagulation cascade activation, vasoconstriction and renal and pulmonary vasculopathy . In addition, B12deficiency can result in disorders of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems . Surprisingly, a recent study showed that methylcobalamin supplements have the potential to reduce COVID-19-related organ damage and symptoms . A clinical study conducted in Singapore showed that COVID-19 patients who were given vitamin B12supplements (500 μg), vitamin D (1000 IU) and magnesium had reduced COVID-19 symptom severity and supplements significantly reduced the need for oxygen and intensive care suppor.”1
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement and a prescription medication. Because vitamin B12 contains the mineral cobalt, compounds with vitamin B12 activity are collectively called “cobalamins” 5
Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body’s liver, fatty tissue, and muscles. The four fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins are absorbed more easily by the body in the presence of dietary fat.
Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body.6
The exact time that water-soluble vitamins circulate in your body will depend on factors like age, nutrient status, diet, and the like. However, most are depleted within 1-2 days, which means replenishing them daily to ensure sufficient levels if critical for optimal health and performance. 7
Vitamin B12 binds to the protein in the foods we eat. In the stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes unbind vitamin B12 into its free form. From there, vitamin B12 combines with a protein called intrinsic factor so that it can be absorbed further down in the small intestine.8
A B vitamin complex supplement is often touted to boost energy levels and mood. People who have a B vitamin deficiency may feel a rise in energy levels after using the supplement because the vitamin is directly involved in making healthy blood cells and can correct anemia if present. However, there is no evidence of benefit if people without a deficiency take extra B vitamins.
Vitamin B12 is involved in helping the body:
make red blood cells and keeping the nervous system healthy
release energy from food
use folate
The interaction between Vitamin B and Folate:
Vitamin B12 is an especially important vitamin for maintaining healthy nerve cells, and it helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body’s genetic material. Vitamin B12 works closely with vitamin B9, also called Folate, to help make red blood cells and to help iron work better in the body. Folate and B12 work together to produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a compound involved in immune function and mood.9
Vitamins B12, B6, and B9 work together to control blood levels of the amino acid homocysteine. High levels of homocysteine are associated with heart disease. However, researchers are not sure whether homocysteine is a cause of heart disease or just a marker that indicates someone may have heart disease.10
B9 (folate) + B12 (cobalamin): Many of the functions of folate and B12 are linked because of their complementary roles in the “folate” and “methionine” cycles. Low levels of B12 can result in a functional folate deficiency, as folate becomes trapped in the form of methyltetrahydrofolate.
Proper function of the folate cycle is essential for the synthesis and regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor for enzymes that convert amino acids to monoamine neurotransmitters (Serotonin, Melatonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline,Aadrenaline) and Nitric Oxide
They’re also heavily involved in red blood cell production and proper function of the nervous system.11
Both Folate and Vitamin B12 deficiency are due to the induction of a functional Folate deficiency, which in turn is induced by B12 deprivation.
The interrelationship between these two Vitamins is best explained by the methyl trap hypothesis stating that Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to lowered levels of methionine synthetase, which results in a functional folate deficiency by trapping an increased proportion of folate as the 5-methyl derivative. 12
In addition, as 5-methyl-H4PteGlu is a poor substrate for folylpolyglutamate synthetase, there is a decreased synthesis of folylpolyglutamates and consequently a decreased retention of folates by tissues. The real Folate deficiency that ensues because of decreased tissue Folate levels is probably as important physiologically as the functional deficiency caused by the methyl trap. The sparing effect of methionine can be explained by adenosylmethionine inhibition of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which would prevent the buildup of 5-methyl-H4PteGlun. A deficiency in vitamin B12 would not, in itself, be sufficient to cause a disturbance in folate metabolism.
The deficiency would have to result in lowered methyltransferase levels before any such disturbance would be manifest. 13
Megaloblastic anemia—a condition of larger than normal sized red blood cells and a smaller than normal amount; this occurs because there is not enough vitamin B12 in the diet or poor absorption
Fatigue, weakness
Nerve damage with numbness, tingling in the hands and legs
Memory loss, confusion
Dementia
Depression
Seizures
Cardiovascular disease
Impaired Cognitive function
Schizofrenia
Vitamine B12 deficiencey may showup as folate deficiency, since without vitamine B12, folate cannot synthesize properly.
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin, so any unused amount will exit the body through the urine. Generally, up to 1000 mcg a day of an oral tablet to treat a deficiency is considered safe. The Institute of Medicine states “no adverse effects have been associated with excess vitamin B12 intake from food and supplements in healthy individuals.”
Recommended Amounts
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance for men and women ages 14 years and older is 2.4 micrograms (mcg) daily. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 2.6 mcg and2.8 mcg daily, respectively. [1]
UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. No upper limit has been set for vitamin B12, as there is no established toxic level. However, some evidence suggests that supplements of 25 mcg per day or higher may increase the risk of bone fractures. [2]
Adults (aged 19 to 64) need about 1.5 micrograms a day of vitamin B12.
As vitamin B12 is not found naturally in foods such as fruit, vegetables and grains, vegans may not get enough of it.
Vitamin B12 Food Sources
Good sources in micrograms of B12 per 100 grams or in case of fluids, 100 ml of:
1Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19,PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
There is a huge difference between what the research says and what we are told about Folate and Folic Acid, as well as the interaction between Folate and Vitamin B12.
We are told that Folic Acid and Folate are the same. They are not.
We are told that we should not eat Folate and Vitamin B12 together, while they need each other to make red blood cells.
We are told that Vitamin B12 is fat soluble , while it is water soluble, which means it only stays inour body for 1 or 2 days and we need to eat it daily.
What does it matter? A lot, since both Folate and Vitamin B12 are needed for your mental health!
Molecular formula, Molecular Structure and Physiology
Folate needs Vitamin C and Vitamin B12 to be synthesized properly.
Folic Acid is called the synthetic form of folate, but in fact it is very different.
Folate and Folic Acid both help the body create new cells, such as red blood cells.
But whereas Folate is water soluble, Folic Acid is fat soluable.
So Folate goes through the digestive system and enters the bloodstream through the gut. From there, Folate passes into the liver for processing. Any excess passes to the kidneys, and from the kidneys, it leaves the body in urine. 5
By contrast, unmetabolized Folic Acid is stored as fat.
Taking too much of fat-soluble vitamins can cause health problems. The body stores them in fat reserves, so they can build up over time, causing weight gain.
As for Folate, as it dissolves in water, it is very hard to have too much of it, because the body can get rid of excesses easily
So they are very different.
Unmetabolized Folic acid competes with real Folate molecules for Folate receptors and can crowd out the real Folate your body gets. 6
The abundance of added Folic Acid in the food supply has left way more of it coursing through our veins than was originally intended and there are no long-term trials on the health consequences of having lots of unmetabolized Folic Acid in your body.7
A recent randomized clinical trial suggested that Folic Acid supplementation (1000 g/d for 6 years) increased the risk of some types of colorectal neoplasia in those with a recent history of colorectal adenomas.8
It is always pretended that Folic Acid masks Vitamin B12 deficiency. But a study done in 2007 shows Folic Acid aggravates Vitamin B12 deficiency, and speaks of a negative interaction between Folic Acid and Vitamin B12.9
Folate needs Vitamin C and Vitamin B12 to metabolize.
Signs of Folate deficiency can include: megaloblastic anemia (a condition arising from a lack of folate in the diet or poor absorption that produces less red blood cells, and larger in size than normal); weakness, fatigue; irregular heartbeat; shortness of breath; difficulty concentrating; hair loss; pale skin; mouth sores.
The following conditions may put people at increased risk of Folate deficiency:
Both folate and B12 are involved in making red blood cells, and a shortage of either can result in anemia.
Low levels of B12 can result in a functional Folate deficiency, as Folate becomes trapped in the form of methyltetrahydrofolate. Proper function of the Folate cycle is essential for the synthesis and regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor for enzymes that convert amino acids to monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline) and Nitric Oxide They’re also heavily involved in red blood cell production and proper function of the nervous system.12
The interrelationship between Folate and Vitamin B12, is best explained by the methyl trap hypothesis stating that Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to lowered levels of methionine synthetase, which results in a functional Folate deficiency by trapping an increased proportion of Folate as the 5-methyl derivative. 13
In addition, as 5-methyl-H4PteGlu is a poor substrate for folylpolyglutamate synthetase, there is a decreased synthesis of folylpolyglutamates and consequently a decreased retention of Folates by tissues.
The real Folate deficiency that ensues because of decreased tissue Folate levels is probably as important physiologically as the functional deficiency caused by the methyl trap. The sparing effect of methionine can be explained by adenosylmethionine inhibition of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which would prevent the buildup of 5-methyl-H4PteGlun.
A deficiency in Vitamin B12 would not, in itself, be sufficient to cause a disturbance in Folate metabolism. The deficiency would have to result in lowered methyltransferase levels before any such disturbance would be manifest. 14
Alcoholism.
Chronic alcohol exposure impairs Folate absorption by inhibiting expression of the reduced Folate carrier and decreasing the hepatic uptake and renal conservation of circulating folate. 15
Pregnancy. The need for Folate increases during pregnancy as it plays a role in the development of cells in the fetus.
Intestinal surgeries or digestive disorders that cause malabsorption. Celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease can decrease the absorption of folate. Surgeries involving the digestive organs or that reduce the normal level of stomach acid may also interfere with absorption.
Genetic variants. People carrying a variant of the gene MTHFR cannot convert folate to its active form to be used by the body.
Overload
Folic AcidToxicity is possible, Folate toxicity is not.
It is extremely rare to reach a toxic level when eating Folate from food sources.
There is danger of Folic Acid toxicity.
Excess Folic Acid may exacerbate weight gain, fat accumulation, and inflammation caused by consumption of a high fat diet. 16
It is important to maintain adequate levels of both folate and vitamin B12.
How much folate do I need?
Recommended Amounts of Folate
The current daily value (% DV) for folate is 400μg.
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance for folate is listed as micrograms (mcg) of dietary folate equivalents (DFE).
Men and women ages 19 years and older should aim for 400 mcg DFE.
Pregnant and lactating women require 600 mcg DFE and 500 mcg DFE, respectively.
People who regularly drink alcohol should aim for at least 600 mcg DFE of folate daily since alcohol can impair its absorption.
Adults need 200 micrograms of folate a day. A microgram is 1,000 times smaller than a milligram (mg). The word microgram is sometimes written with the Greek symbol μ followed by the letter g (μg).or as mcg.
There are no long-term stores in the body, so you need to eat folate-containing foods frequently.
A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. The UL for adults for folic acid from fortified food or supplements (not including folate from food) is set at 1,000 mcg a day.
If you’re pregnant or could get pregnant.
Though the recommendation for pregnancy is 400-600mcg of Folate, this is the minimal amount needed to prevent birth defects. When using folate instead of folic acid), it is often advisable to take more than the minimum, like 800-1200 mcg of folate.18
Folate Food Sources
Folate is sensitive to destruction by heat, oxidation and UV light.19So while the raw version of any food will have more folate than the heated one, there is still enough left in heated foods.
5Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats,PubMed, September 23, 2016, Kelly KB, Kennelly JP, Ordonez M, Nelson R, Leonard K, Stabler S, Gomez-Muñoz A, Field CJ, Jacobs RL. Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Nutrients. 2016 Sep 23;8(10):594. doi: 10.3390/nu8100594. PMID: 27669293; PMCID: PMC5083982.Karen B Kelly 1, John P Kennelly 2, Marta Ordonez 3, Randal Nelson 4, Kelly Leonard 5, Sally Stabler 6, Antonio Gomez-Muñoz 7, Catherine J Field 8, René L Jacobs 9 10, 1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kkelly1@ualberta.ca.
2Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. jkennell@ualberta.ca.
3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. marta.ordonez87@gmail.com.
4Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rn1@ualberta.ca.
5Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kmd4@ualberta.ca.
6Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80206, USA. Sally.Stabler@ucdenver.edu.
7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. antonio.gomez@ehu.es.
8Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. cjfield@ualberta.ca.
9Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rjacobs@ualberta.ca.
8If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?Johnson MA. If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
9If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?Johnson MA. If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
11The effects of nutrients on mood,PubMed, September 1999, Benton D, Donohoe RT. The effects of nutrients on mood. Public Health Nutr. 1999 Sep;2(3A):403-9. doi: 10.1017/s1368980099000555. PMID: 10610080, D Benton 1, R T Donohoe, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK. d.benton@swansea.ac.uk, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10610080/
12How Long Do Vitamins Stay in Your System? – A Complete Guide
13Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships, PubMed, 1985, Shane B, Stokstad EL. Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships. Annu Rev Nutr. 1985;5:115-41. doi: 10.1146/anurev.nu.05.070185.000555. PMID: 3927946.B Shane, E L Stokstad, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3927946/n
14Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships, PubMed, 1985, Shane B, Stokstad EL. Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships. Annu Rev Nutr. 1985;5:115-41. doi: 10.1146/anurev.nu.05.070185.000555. PMID: 3927946.B Shane, E L Stokstad, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3927946/n
15Metabolic interactions of alcohol and folate,Halsted CH, Villanueva JA, Devlin AM, Chandler CJ. Metabolic interactions of alcohol and folate. J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2367S-2372S. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.8.2367S. PMID: 12163694. Charles H Halsted 1, Jesus A Villanueva, Angela M Devlin, Carol J Chandler, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA. chhalsted@ucdavis.edu , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12163694/
16Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats,PubMed, September 23, 2016, Kelly KB, Kennelly JP, Ordonez M, Nelson R, Leonard K, Stabler S, Gomez-Muñoz A, Field CJ, Jacobs RL. Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Nutrients. 2016 Sep 23;8(10):594. doi: 10.3390/nu8100594. PMID: 27669293; PMCID: PMC5083982.Karen B Kelly 1, John P Kennelly 2, Marta Ordonez 3, Randal Nelson 4, Kelly Leonard 5, Sally Stabler 6, Antonio Gomez-Muñoz 7, Catherine J Field 8, René L Jacobs 9 10, 1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kkelly1@ualberta.ca.
2Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. jkennell@ualberta.ca.
3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. marta.ordonez87@gmail.com.
4Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rn1@ualberta.ca.
5Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kmd4@ualberta.ca.
6Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80206, USA. Sally.Stabler@ucdenver.edu.
7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. antonio.gomez@ehu.es.
8Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. cjfield@ualberta.ca.
9Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rjacobs@ualberta.ca.
17 If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
19Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods, PubMed, September 2010, Bassett MN, Sammán NC. Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2010 Sep;60(3):298-305. PMID: 21612148., Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, Departamento Bioquimica de la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica, Quimica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumin, Chacabuco, Tucumán, Argentina. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21612148/
Chapter 1 explains what Linoleic-Acid (Omega-6-LA) and what Alpha-Linolenic-Acid (Omega-3-ALA) are and why they are essential.
Chapter 7.2 has an overview of different foods you can eat to get the right Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance.
Chapter 4 explains how the essential fatty acids are placed in our cell membranes and why it is so important to eat healthy fats.
While figuring it out, you can just start eating the equivalent of 3.5 tablespoons of walnuts a day, since it has the heart healthy 1;4 Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance.
If this does not get you up and running again, there is plenty more you can do to become and stay healthy. It does not just apply to Covid-19.
1.1.What are Linoleic-Acid and Alpha-Linolenic-Acid,why are they essential, and what do they do?
Linoleic-Acid is an essential fatty acid. Fatty acids are organic substances the molecules of which consist of a hydrophilic carboxylic acid head, a carbon chain, and a hydrophobic methyl tail.
Essential means that the body cannot make it itself, We need to get it from food.
Linoleic acid is a poly unsaturated fatty acid, or a PUFA for short.
Linoleic-Acid is the parent Omega 6 from which all other Omega-6 fatty acids in the body are made.
Image: Linoleic acid and derivatives Arichodonic and Gamma-Linolenic-Acid scale, molecular formula and structure3
Among many other things, Linoleic-Acid is used by the body to make Arachidonic-Acid, a fatty acid, which is responsible for the synthesis of various hormones4 and of macrophages, specifically the white blood cells that are responsible for the innate immune response5.
The innate immune response is the immediate inflammatory response to pathogens like fever, swelling and coughing.
There are only two essential fatty acids.
The other is Alpha-Linolenic-Acid. That is the essential Omega-3 fatty acid from which all other Omega-3 fatty acids are made that regulate the adoptive immune response.The adoptive immune response is non inflammatory, pathogen specific and is aquired, so it takes longer to kick in. When it does, it takes over the inflammatory response and we are immune to a disease.
The list of benefits of Omega-6 fatty acids synthesized from Linoleic-Acid as well as Linoleic-Acid itself goes on.
What you usually hear is that Linoleic-Acid helps stimulate skin health and hair growth, maintain bone health, regulate metabolism, and maintain the reproductive system 6But Linoleic-Acid and the other Omega 6 fatty acids derived from it do much more.
The same goes for Alpha-Linolenic-Acid,the parent Omega-3 fatty acid and its derivatives.
Our whole immune system builds on these two essential fatty acids. The innate immune system is derived from Linoleic Acid, the adoptive immune system is derived from Alpha-Linolenic Acid.
Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is necessary for normal human growth and development.
Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is also beneficial for treating Crohn’s disease, depression, diabetes, high cholesterol, Kidney disease, migraines, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), skin diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), renal disease, ulcerative colitis, It is also used to prevent pneumonia.
Other uses include treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), migraine headache, skin cancer, depression, and allergic and inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis and eczema8. . Alpha-Linolenic-Acid prevents cancer..
Only the Parent Omega-3 and Omega-6 are essential
Most Omega-6 fatty acids and Omega-3 fatty acids are used in their parent forms of Linoleic-Acid and Alpha-Linolenic-Acid in all the cell mebranes. From them the liver can synthesize all the Omega-3 and Omega 6 fatty acids in whatever form it needs.
It cannot form the parent Omega’s from the derivatives though.
Confusing terms
While we always hear about the importance of Omega 3 and Omega 6 that we should take Omega 3 and Omega 6 in balance with each other, the terms Omega 3 and Omega 6 are not specific enough.. There are more than 20 Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids in nature, of which only 5 occur in humans and of which only 2 are essential,
Alpha Linolenic acid (ALA) and Linoleic Acid (LA) are the only poly unsaturated essential fatty acids. The other3, EPA and DHA, which are Omega 3 fatty acids, and AA, which is an Omega 6 fatty acid, are synthesized from them in the liver, and it is better to take them in the parent form ALA, and LA for the same reason it is better to ingest Bèta Carotene than Vitamin A. If the body can synthesize the EPA , DHA and AA it needs when it needs, it always has enough and never has to much. If you eat DHA, EPA and AA directly, the body can do nothing with the excess and it goes rancid and causes inflammation.
Why it is better to talk about the specific Omega 3 you are referring to
The name omega 3 comes means that the first double bond occurs at the third Carbon atom counting from the methyl end of the molecule.
There are at least 11 different forms of Omega 3 that occur naturally:
Of those 11 , 3 are important to the human metabolism, ALA, EPA and DHA, and only ALA is essential, because EPA and DHA are synthesized from ALA in the liver,
Nevertheless, the terms ALA, EPA and DHA are all called Omega 3, while they are not the same thing. And thus wrong conclusions are drawn about their uses and functions.
EPA and DHA are extremely unstable, go rancid quickly, and start deteriorating at temperatures as low as 48.8 degrees Celcius. So anyone who thinks they are getting any omega’s from their cooked salmon should think again. Not only is their no Alpha-Linolenic-Acid in fish, the EPA and DHA it does have is destroyed in the cooking process.
It is pretended that the human body is inefficient in transforming Alpha-Linolenic-Acid into DHA and EPA, but this is not true. The majority of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is used as whole in the cells. Only 5 percent is needed as DHA and EPA, mainly for the eyes. And the body ,makes that itself from ALA like it makes its own vitamin A from Bèta carotene and its own vitamin D from sunlight..
List of Omega-6 fatty acids
There are also many forms of Omega 6 fatty acid found in nature:
Omega 6 means that the first double bond from the methyl end of the molecule has a double bond.
So to avoid confusion, instead of Omega 3 and Omega 6, it is better to talk about the specific ones you want to say something about,
Arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) is a potent bioactive molecule. … Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) is the major dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the Western diet and is a metabolic precursor to AA, linked biochemically via two desaturases and an elongase.
. Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid need to be taken in balance with one another and are crucial for many vital functions in the body
There are some vegetable oils that are mentioned as Omega 6 sources, while they only have damaged Omega 6 because of their extraction method or other processes like deodorization, and based on this wrong conclusions are drawn as to the omega 6 levels in people.
The advice is generally not to heat poly unsaturated fatty acids, but cold pressed organic olive oil is seen as a safe vegetable oil for cooking while it does have some Linoleic Acid.
Seeds and nuts are the best Alpha Linolenic and Linoleic sources. Here in the Omega chart you can see which and in which balance. You can see that here as well.
Omega 3 and Omega 6 are poly unsaturated fats, or PUFA’s.
C18: 2n-6 means there are 18 carbon atoms in the chain and 2 double bonds, and the first double bond occurs at the 6th carbon atom from the methyl tail.
It’s not specified where the rest of the double bonds are, because they always occur next to one another skipping one carbon atom between each double bonded pair, effectively every three Carbon atoms. So with Linoleic-Acid that’s at 6 and at 9 counting backward from the methyl end, at Carbon atoms n-6 and n-9, or 12 and 9.
Metabolism of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid: The metabolic pathway of conversion of Alpha-Linolenic Acid to DHA showing the enzymes involved.10
ImageMetabolism of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid: The metabolic pathway of conversion of Alpha-Linolenic Acid to DHA showing the enzymes involved.11
Your body can form all the Omega 3’s from Alpha-Linolenic-Acid and all the Omega 6’s from LinoleicAcid, but it cannot convert any of them back to the parent forms.
That is one of many reasons it is best to take the Omega’s in their parent form.
Often it will not be specified which Omega is present in food. You need to make sure that it is really the parent forms, because that is the form that the body needs most of. It is also the most stable, and the body can make as much of the derivatives it needs when it needs, where as the derivatives can’t be stored and cause inflammation.
1.2. New terms To Avoid confusion Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is Omega-3-ALA, Linoleic-Acidis Omega-6-LA
I think the clearest way to know what we are talking about is calling Linoleic-Acid Omega-6-LA and calling Alpha Linolenic-Acid Omega-3-ALA. That’s because the word Linoleic-Acid looks so much like Linolenic-Acid, which is the parent Omega-3 . And to confuse us even more, Gamma Linolenic Acid is an Omega-6-fatty acid!
A result of this confusion is that even in research conclusions about DHA spill over to conclusions about Alpha- Linolenic-Acid and conclusions about ARA spill over to conclusions about Linoleic-Acid, while they have very different characteristics.
So we need for more specific terms:
For the essential, parent Omega’s, from which all the others are synthesized in the liver:
Linoleic-Acid: Omega-6-LA
Alpha-Linolenic-Acid: Omega-3-ALA
For the non-essential Omega 6’s:
Arachidonic-Acid : Omega-6-ARA
Gamma Linolenic Acid: Omega-6- GLA
For the non-essential Omega-3 ’s:
Docosahexaenoic acid: Omega-3-DHA
Eicosapentaenoic acid: Omega-3-EPA
1.3. More functions of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA
Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA form the framework for the organism’s cell membranes. Particularly the neurons in the brain, are involved in the energy-transformation process and regulate the information flows between cells.
Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA, are precursors, or sources,12 of ”hormonal” molecules, often with opposing effects.
Hormones are molecules that carry instructions from more than a dozen endocrine glands and tissues to cells all over the body.
Endocrine glands are organs that make hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body. Endocrine glands help control many body functions, including growth and development, metabolism, and fertility.
Some examples of endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.13
Once hormones find a target cell, they bind with specific protein receptors inside or on the surface of the cell and specifically change the cell’s activities. 14Steroid hormones, such as estrogens, prolactin15, progesterone, and glucocorticoids (GCs) modulate the development and activity of both innate and adaptive immunity differently in men and women. 16
Omega-6-LAis a precursor to prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes, which are hormones that regulate innate immunity, such as fever, platelet aggregation, mucus formationand inflammation.
Inflammation is a process by which your body’s white blood cells and the things they make protect you from infection from outside invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. 17
Omega-6-LAis the precursor to the inflammatory hormones, the hormones that cause inflammation in order to protect the body from pathogens as a part of the innate, or immediate immune response to pathogens, which is general.
Linoleic-Acid is the precursor to Arachidonic-Acid (AA) with elongation and saturation,.AA is the precursor to Eicosanoids. whichare signaling molecules that are, similar to Arachidonic-Acid, Eicosanoids may also act as endocrine agents to control the function of distant cells…….. .The name comes from είκοσι, pronounced eíkosi the Greek word for 20.18 That’s because eicosanoids are made of 20 carbon atoms. They fulfill different immune functions in different parts of the body. The Eicosanoids derived from Arachidonic-Acid are prostaglandins, thromboxane (TXA) and leukotrienes (LTA, LTB, LTC).
Function of Eicanosoids
Image: Eicosanoids: Formation, Function, and Subclasses.19
Eicanosoids are made from Linoleic Acid and are Omega-6-Acids responsible for the innate immune response.
The prostaglandins are a group of lipids made at sites of tissue damage or infection that are involved in dealing with injury and illness. They control processes such as inflammation, blood flow, the formation of blood clots and the induction of labour.20The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids having diverse hormone-like effects in botth humans and animals. Prostaglandins have been found in almost every tissue in humans and other animals. They are derived enzymatically from the fatty acidarachidonic acid. Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring. They are a subclass of eicosanoids and of the prostanoid class of fatty acid derivatives21.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), also known as dinoprostone, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin with oxytocic22 properties It has the following functions:23Pain signaling in nerves, temperature regulation in the hypothalamus, meaning they raise the temperature to a fever to fight infections, mucus production in the stomach, vasodilation in the kidneys to get rid of pathogens, uterine contraction in the womb during labour, mail fertility, which is where the name prostaglandin comes from, because this is where it was first discovered.24
Prostacyclin (also called prostaglandin I2 or PGI2) is a prostaglandin member of the eicosanoid family of lipimolecules. It inhibits platelet activation and is also an effective vasodilator25Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), or prostacyclin, is a prostaglandin that affects many organ systems. It is both a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and a powerful vasodilator. It is the main prostaglandin synthesized by the blood vessel wall, which suggests that it may play an important role in limiting platelet-mediated thrombosis 26 Vasodilators open (dilate) blood vessels. They affect the muscles in the walls of the arteries and veins, preventing the muscles from tightening and the walls from narrowing. As a result, blood flows more easily through the vessels. The heart doesn’t have to pump as hard, reducing blood pressure.27 Image: from Omega-6-LA to Prostacyclin28.
In the image below see the synthesis of prostaglandins from Omega-6-LA or Linoleic Acid.
Image: Prostaglandin synthesis from Omega-6-LA2930
Here you see the synthesis of Prostaglandins from Linoleic Acid or Omega-6-LA with the molecular structures
Image: Prostaglandin (PG) synthesis from Omega-6-LA in molecular structures31
Image: Overview of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis 32
Overview of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis and main functions. Arachidonic acid can be metabolised through three major pathways. In the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, each COX-2 derived prostaglandin (PGI 2 , PGE 2 , PGD 2 , PGF 2 a ) or thromboxane A2 (TxA 2 ) has its unique functions. NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; COXIBs, COX-2 selective inhibitors. 33
Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) is in the family of lipids known as eicosanoids, which are metabolites of arachidonic acid generated by the sequential action of three enzymes – phospholipase A2, COX-1/COX-2 and TxA2 Synthase (TXAS). TxA2 was originally described as being released from platelets and is now known to be released by a variety of other cells including macrophages, neutrophils, and endothelial cells. Named after its role in thrombosis, TxA2 has pro thrombotic properties, as it stimulates the activation of platelets and platelet aggregation. TxA2 is also a known vasoconstrictor and gets activated during times of tissue injury and inflammation. While the prostaglandin counterbalances its thrombotic and vasoconstrictor properties prostacyclin (PGI2), there are various physiological and pathological situations where this balanced becomes disregulated. Increased activity of TxA2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction, stroke, atherosclerosis, and bronchial asthma..Increased action of TxA2 also has implications in pulmonary hypertension, kidney injury, hepatic injury, allergies, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer cells.34
It also encourages platelet aggregation.35Thromboxane is named for its role in blood clot formation (thrombosis).36Platelet aggregation and thrombosis are the key phenomena in atherosclerosis and Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD).
Platelets stick to the damaged vessel wall to form a plaque, and then stick to each other (aggregate) and release adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promote further aggregation.37Substances such as collagen, ristocetin, arachidonic acid, adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine, and thrombin can stimulate platelets and hence induce aggregation. Response to these aggregating agents (known as agonists) provides a diagnostic pattern for different disorders of platelet function 38.
Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoidinflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acideicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzymearachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals the body releases after coming into contact with a pathogen. Leukotrienes cause tightening of airway muscles and the production of excess mucus and fluid39. The lipoxygenase products (leukotrienes) have been demonstrated in many mammalian tissues including humans. They are widely distributed in the lungs, gut, uterus, kidneys, skin, heart and the liver40.
Leukotrienes use lipid signaling to convey information to either the cell producing them (autocrine signaling) or neighboring cells (paracrine signaling) in order to regulate immune responses. The production of leukotrienes is usually accompanied by the production of histamine and prostaglandins, which also act as inflammatory mediators.
LTB4 is an end product of the leukotriene bio-synthetic pathway and working through its unique receptor Ltb4r1, it functions as a potent chemokine promoting migration of macrophages and neutrophils into tissues.41
Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4 are cysteinyl leukotrienes that are primarily responsible for the increase in vascular permeability and contraction of bronchial smooth muscle associated with an anaphylactic reaction or an acute asthma attack. 42One of their roles (specifically, leukotriene D4) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the bronchioles; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis.
Leukotriene antagonists are used to treat these disorders by inhibiting the production.43 And what is a leukotriene antagonist? You guessed it. Alpha Linolenic Acid!44
Omega-3-ALAis the precursor to the anti-inflammatory hormones, called Resolvins, which are part of the acquired immune response, which is pathogen specific and causes no inflammation. Resolvinsare endogenous pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory mediators that stimulate the resolution of inflammation by increasing the number of macrophages. 45Pro-resolving mediators are active in the picogram to nanogram dose range, whereby they are able to control inflammation, limit tissue damage, shorten resolution intervals, promote healing and alleviate pain in experimental models of inflammation and resolution 46
Pro-resolution and anti-inflammation are not equivalent. Pro-resolution programmes stimulate and activate endogenous (i.e. growing within an organism47) pathways to terminate inflammation.48
A study published in Nature in May 2008 said: “Active resolution of acute inflammation is a previously unrecognized interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Once thought to be a passive process, the resolution of inflammation is now shown to involve active biochemical programmes that enable inflamed tissues to return to homeostasis. This Review presents new cellular and molecular mechanisms for the resolution of inflammation, revealing key roles for eicosanoids, such as lipoxins, and recently discovered families of endogenous chemical mediators, termed resolvins and protectins. These mediators have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution properties, thereby protecting organs from collateral damage, stimulating the clearance of inflammatory debris and promoting mucosal antimicrobial defense49”.
Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation, thus reducing inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. 50
The Essential Fatty Acids are also important in the active phase of the myelin synthesis51. Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.52
Image: Nerve cell with myelin sheath synthesized by essential fatty acids. 53
If Essential Fatty Acids are not available in this phase or are metabolically blocked, amyelination, dysmyelination, or demyelination may occur. If Essential Fatty Acid deficiency occurs during the postnatal period, a major delay in the myelination process will occur, accompanied by impaired learning and motor, vision, and auditory abnormalities.54
The rate of myelin lipid turnover is age dependent, and with a very slow turnover rate during aging, and the rate of repairing damaged sections of myelin is correspondingly slower. Diets deficient in Essential Fatty Acids tend to be associated with the Cell Membrane Fluidity-influenced diseases; Essential Fatty Acids deficiency has been associated with Multiple Scleroses.55
Excluding linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids from the diet of animals from their conception to 120 days of age altered the fatty acid composition of myelin and caused myelin splitting.56
The three most abundant lipids in myelin are (i) cholesterol, (ii) galactosylceramide, and (iii) plasmalogen. Together, these three lipids comprise 65% of the total myelin lipids57.
Essential fatty acids also play a role in myelin formation58.
Alpha Lipoic Acid is also important for myelin formation59.
Alpha-Lipoic-Acid, which is also called ALA 60, thus illustrating the importance of having a different term for Alpha-Linolenic-Acid, is a naturally occurring compound that’s made in the body. It serves vital functions at the cellular level, such as energy production. As long as you’re healthy, the body can produce all the Alpha Lipoic Acid it needs for these purposes61.
So we need Omega-6-LA because of the many immune functions, but also Omega-3-ALA, for balancing the effect of Omega-6-LA.
And thanks to the Bristol research of 202062, we now know another function of Omega-6-LA: an anti viral!
Since flaxseeds have 2 grams of Omega 3 ALA per tablespoon, they are a convenient way to balance the 2 grams of Omega6-LA in sunflower seeds.
Flaxseed is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid, alpha linolenic acid, the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and fiber. These compounds provide bioactivity of value to the health of animals and humans through their anti-inflammatory action, anti-oxidative capacity and lipid modulating properties. The characteristics of ingesting flaxseed or its bioactive components are discussed in this article. The benefits of administering flaxseed or the individual bioactive components on health and disease are also discussed in this review. Specifically, the current evidence on the benefits or limitations of dietary flaxseed in a variety of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, gastro-intestinal health and brain development and function, as well as hormonal status in menopausal women, are comprehensive topics for discussion69.
Omega-3-ALA
There are several types of flax70. The Omega-3-ALA rich Flax seeds come from Linum usitatissimum, or Common flax.
Inage: Harakeke is also called Flax , but is very different from common flax. Instead of a source of Omega-3-ALA, it is actually a source of Omega-6-LA75
1.5. Make Sure to eat the Parent Omega’s, not the Derivatives.
The body makes all the DHA and EPA it needs from Alpha-Linolenic-Acid, and excess DHA and EPA is not disposed of. It stays in the body and causes imbalance.The body never makes too much EPA and DHA. It needs far more Alpha-Linolenic-Acid than it needs EPA and DHA, So there isno need to take DHAand EPA. It’s even dangerous to do so.
1.6.RDA of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid and Linoleic-Acid
The U.S Institute of Medicine recommends an Alpha-Linolenic-Acid intake of 1.6 grams per day for men and 1.1 grams per day for women…. 326-332), between 8 and 20 per cent of Omega-3-ALA is converted to EPA in humans, and between 0.5 and nine percent of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is converted to DHA79.
Less than 5% of the Omega-3-ALA we consume is transformed into EPA and DHA127.More than 95 % of Omega-3-ALA is used as Omega-3-ALAin the cell membranes. 80When you take fish oil, the body can do nothing with the excess EPA and DHA, so it goes rancid and causes all sorts of inflammation, while the body makes as much EPA and DHA as it needs from Alpha Linolenic Acid, and uses every bit of Alpha Linolenic Acid in its cells. The minimum dosage is set at 1 gram a day, and the maximum at 5 grams a day.
The present Omega-6-LA requirement range is 11-12 g/day for men and 14-17 g/day for adult women (non-pregnant/lactating), and the Omega-3-ALA fatty acid recommendations are 1.1 g/day for women and 1.6 g/day for men81 When pregnant, 1.4 grams should be consumed daily, and when breastfeeding, 1.3 grams should be consumed daily. Recommended amounts for children depend on age82
Vegans may need an Omega-3-ALA increase of 2.2–4.4 g/day (or 1.1 g/day/1000 Kcals) depending on the amount of Omega-6-LA in the diet in order to achieve a 4:1 Omega-6-LA- Omega-3-ALA ratio, as well as a decrease of dietary Omega-6-LA if intake of Omega-6-LA is higher than recommended83
The current Recommended Adequate Intakes of omega-3-ALA for kids are:
Delta – indicating that the double bond is created at a fixed position from the carboxyl head of a fatty acid chain. For example, Δ9 desaturase creates a double bond between the ninth and tenth carbon atom from hydrophilic carboxylic acid head
Omega – indicating the double bond is created at a fixed position from the methyl tail of a fatty acid chain. For instance, ω3 desaturase creates a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atom from the methyl end. In other words, it creates an omega-3fatty acid.
Omega-6 derivatives, like Arachidonic-Acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipids of cell membranes, is an important inflammatory mediator involved in many molecular and cellular functions under physiological and pathological conditions.
Omega-3 derivatives act as direct vasodilator by acting on smooth muscle to cause dilation of blood vessels. In addition, they inhibit platelet aggregation. They also suppress T cell receptor signaling and proliferation, and may play a role in resolution of inflammation. 87
Studies have shown that EPA and DHA are important for proper fetal development, including neuronal, retinal, and immune function. EPA and DHA may affect many aspects of cardiovascular function including inflammation, peripheral artery disease, major coronary events, and anti-coagulation. 88
The Omega 6 fatty acids are for the innate immune response, which is immediate (inflammation, fever, platelet formation), and Omega-3 is for the adoptive immune response, which is specific to the pathogen. It takes longer, but is more precise and causes no inflammation.
Image: Omega-3, 6 and 9 molecular structures, Names and Molecular structures of commonly available Omega-3, 6 and 9 fatty acids90
Research shows Omega-3-ALA lowers the risk of heart disease, and fights cancer, inflammation, depression, dementia, and arthritis.
It improves heart health by managing cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood pressure levels91,reduces weight and waist size, decreases liver fat and supports infant brain development,
There is even research that suggests that Omega-3-ALA can help with prion disease. It has been found to be useful against Covid-19 as well.92
A study done December 8, 2020 says:
Because each antioxidant exhibits differing sub-cellular distribution, various mechanisms of action, preferential affinity for diverse types of free radicals a mixture of micronutrients containing vitamin A, mixed carotenoids, vitamin C, alpha-tocopheryl acetate, a-tocopheryl succinate, vitamin D3, alpha-lipoic acid, n-acetyl cysteine, coenzyme Q10, L-carnitine, Omega-3-fatty acids, curcumin, resveratrol, all B-vitamins, selenomethionine, and zinc is proposed.
The best way to get vitamin A is through Beta-carotene. 95
You can find the best sources for vitamin C in Chapter 8.3.Beta-carotene a known anticarcinogenic, 1926
Find the best way to get Vitamin D 96 in Chapter 7.5.2. Vitamin D Cluster: a. Vitamin D through Sunlight, b. Vitamin B5 for Co Enzyme A for cholesterol, c. Calcium, d. Magnesium, e. Vitamin K2, f. Lysine. g. Phosphorus h. Sulfuri. Zinc
Combine Curcumin with black pepper for optimum absorption 97.
Find the B Vitamins. in the article in the footnote98
Find the best Zinc sources 99 in Chapter 7.5.2.i. Zinc.
1.7. Ratio’s of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in different organs
While Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA are essential fatty acids, which means the body cannot make them itself, the Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA derivatives are not essential, The liver synthesizes EPA and DHA from Omega-3-ALA and ARA and G LA from Omega-6-LA. Omega-3 and Omega 6 are in all the cell membranes in a ratio from
1 Omega-3: between 1 and 2 Omega-6 in the brains to
Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in Skin, Hair and Nails
Skin and Nails
15 % of the cell membranes of skin consist of essential fatty acids, of which more than 98% is Omega-6 fatty acids and less than 2% is Omega-3 fatty acids.
The major function of the skin is to form a barrier between the internal milieu and the hostile external environment. A permeability barrier that prevents the loss of water and electrolytes is essential for life on land. The permeability barrier is mediated primarily by lipid enriched lamellar membranes that are localized to the extracellular spaces of the stratum corneum. These lipid enriched membranes have a unique structure and contain approximately 50% ceramides, 25% cholesterol, and 15% free fatty acids with very little phospholipid. 101
Linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant PUFA present in the epidermis 102
Omega-3 EFAs comprise less than 2% of total epidermal fatty acids103104
Although they do not appreciably accumulate in the skin, Omega-3 fatty acids serve an important immunomodulatory role 105. Moreover, dietary supplementation can enrich long chain n-3 fatty acids in the epidermis, significantly altering the fatty acid composition and eicosanoid content of the skin . 106
Omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a critical role in normal skin function and appearance. 107
Metabolism of the essential fatty acids (EFAs), linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) and α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:2n-3), is limited in the skin; long-chain derivatives of LA and ALA are therefore considered conditionally essential nutrients for skin. 108
The omega-6 PUFAs have a particular role in structural integrity and barrier function of the skin. 109
Both omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs give rise to potent signaling molecules, called eicosanoids, which influence the inflammatory response in skin. 110
Both topical application and oral supplementation are effective means of delivering EFAs to the skin and systemic circulation. 111
Consuming oils rich in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids can alter the fatty acid composition and eicosanoid content of the epidermis. 112
Dietary supplementation and topical application of certain omega-3 PUFAs attenuates UV-induced photodamage, extrinsic signs of skin aging, and inflammatory skin responses. 113
Dietary supplementation with certain omega-6 fatty acids alleviates symptoms associated with skin sensitivity and inflammatory skin disorders. 114
Omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) essential fatty acids (EFAs) are crucial to skin function and appearance. Both dietary and topical supplementation with EFAs can have profound effects on the fatty acid composition and eicosanoid milieu of the skin. As a result, addition of various EFA-rich oils can modulate the inflammatory response in both dermal and epidermal layers of the skin. Supplementation with n-3 fatty acids in particular exerts protection from photodamage and photoaging. There is some evidence that n-3 supplementation adversely affects wound healing, but further research is necessary to address this question. N-6 EFAs are required for skin barrier function and structural integrity. Supplementation with n-6 fatty acids alleviates symptoms associated with skin sensitivity and inflammatory skin disorders. The mechanism by which EFAs influence skin reactions is likely through changes in the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids derived from EFA precursors. N-6 and n-3 fatty acids compete for the same enzymes; thus supplementation with specific EFAs can alter the corresponding metabolites, significantly influencing skin function and appearance. 115
Nails are similar to skin.116 and so the same rules apply: Omega-6-LA for growth, Omega-3-ALA against inflammation. 117
Hair
Omega-6-LA, orLinoleic Acid treatment also increases several growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor, in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, Omega-6-LA significantly inhibits Dickkopf-related protein expression (DKK-1), a primary alopecia signaling by dihydrotestosterone. Omega-6-LA treatment may alleviate a testosterone-induced signaling molecule and induces HFDPCs growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. 118119
1.7.a. The first meal of the day, Eat Parent Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the same ratio as the organ you want to heal.
1:4 for cardiovascular disease and it is also associated with a 70% decrease in total mortality, so that is 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and 4 table spoons of sunflower seeds.
1:2,5 reduced rectal cell proliferation in patients with colorectal cancer. So that’s 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and 2,5 tablespoons of sunflower seeds, whereas a ratio of 1: 4 with the same amount of Omega-3 PUFA ((Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid) had no effect. Hemp seeds already have this ratio.
1:2,5 in women with breast cancer is associated with decreased risk. That’s 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and 2,5 tablespoons of sunflower seeds. Hemp seeds already have this ratio.
A ratio of between 1: 2 and 1:3 suppresses inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,That’s 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and between 2 and 3 tablespoons of sunflower seeds.
A ratio of 1:5 has a beneficial effect on patients with asthma, That corresponds with 1 tablespoon of flax seeds and 5 tablespoons of sunflower seeds. whereas a ratio of 1:10 has adverse consequences.
No ideal ratio for eyes is given, but given the fact that eyes do need a high amount of DHA and EPA and given the relation between eyes and brains122, and seeing how important DHA and EPA are to eyes, and those are Omega-3-ALA derivatives, probably 1:between 1 and 2123would be a good one to go by, so that is one tablespoon of flax seeds for every 1,5 tablespoons of sunflower seeds.
You get a feel for it, since the right balance makes you feel wonderful, but too much Omega-6-LA gives you chest pains and too much Omega-3-ALA can give headaches, so then you can adjust the balance accordingly. So if you feel chest pains, heighten Omega-3-ALA levels by taking some extra flax seeds. And if you feel light headed or have a head ache, take some extra Omega-6-LA by taking some extra sunflower seeds, keeping the 5 gram max for Omega-3-ALA, which is 2, 5 table spoons of flax seed into account.
Remember. the minimum RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of Omega3 ALA is 1 gram, the maximum is 5 grams.
1 tablespoon of flax seed has 2 grams of Omega-3-ALA and half a gram of Omega-6-LA.
So the minimum amount of 1 gram of Omega-3-ALA daily corresponds to half a tablespoon of flax seed, and the maximum amount for Omega-3-ALA is set at 5 grams a day, which translates to 2,5 tablespoons of flax seeds.
The recommended ratio between Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA is between 1:2,5 and 1:6.5 according to the disease you are trying to treat or prevent.
Now, conveniently, Sunflower seeds have 2 grams of Omega-6-LA per tablespoon.
So that makes them ideal to balance the Omega-3-ALA in flax seeds and Omega-6-LA in sunflower seeds with one another.
My favourite way: eat raw organic flax seeds for Omega-3-ALA and raw organic sunflower seeds for Omega-6-LA with breakfast.124
If you want to use sesame oil instead of sunflower seeds as an Omega-6-LA source, please make sure to use cold pressed oil from raw sesame seeds.
The minimum RDA of Omega-3-ALA is 1 gram, the maximum is 5 grams. Flax seed has 2 grams of Omega-3-ALA per tablespoon. So the minimum amount of 1 gram of Omega-3-ALA corresponds to half a tablespoon of flax seed. and the maximum amount for Omega-3 is set at 5 grams a day, which translates to 2,5 tablespoons of flax seeds.
According to the following chart, one tablespoon of Sesame oil contains about 5,5 grams of Omega 6, which means Sesame oil has 2,5 times more Omega-6-LA than flax seed has Omega-3-ALA,
All values are per tablespoon and based on the USDA’s Food Composite Database (1)
So with 1 tablespoon of flax seeds, you have 2 grams of Omega-3, and with one tablespoon of sesame oil, you have 5,5 grams of Omega 6,LA which gives you a 1: 2,25 ratio of Omega-3 to omega 6.
With one table spoon of flax seed, you would need 1.4 tablespoons of sesame oil to get to a 1:4 Omega-3-ALA: Omega-6-LA ratio.
The recommended ratio between Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA is between 1:1 and 1:2,5 according to some sources and 1:1 to 1:4 according to others, but science has shown that eating Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the same balance as the organs that are troubling you gives the most benefit. The Omega-3: 6 ratio in organs varies between 1:2,5 and 1.6,5. If you look that up you can find the Omega-3 to omega 6 ratios in different organs and adjust the ratio in which you take Omega-3 to omega 6 with that, and take the ratio that corresponds with the organs that need most care. If you have heart problems, 1:4, lung problems 1:5.
For instance, in the heart the Omega-3-ALA to 6 LA ratio is 1:4. Translated to flax seeds and sunflower seeds, that would be 4 tablespoons of sunflower seeds for every tablespoon of flax seeds. With Sesame oil that would be 1,5 tablespoons of Sesame oil with every tablespoon of flax seed to get the 1:4 ratio Omega-3 to omega 6.
1 tablespoon of sesame seeds is equal to 8.87 grams.
That means it contains about 4 grams of Omega-6-LA.
One table spoon of flax seed and one table spoon of sesame seeds gives you a 1:2 ratio of Omega-3-ALA; Omega-6-LA.
A tablespoon of sesame seed has 4 grams of Omega-6-LA, so that’s 1:2 Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA ratio if you take that with a tablespoon of flax seed. If you want a 1:4 ratio, you need to take 2 tablespoons of sesame seeds with every table spoon of flax seeds.
Always pay close attention to how you feel and play with the balance until you feel your best.
To recapitulate:
This is the balance in which Omega-3 and Omega-6 is found in the cell membranes of the cells in organs. Eating Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in that balance often heals ailments in those area’s:
Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance in different body tissues and organs:
Here are some of the Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA rich foods along with how much extra Omega 6 you have when you have 2 grams of Omega-3-ALA and how much extra Omega-3-ALA you get with 2 grams of Omega-6-LA, so you know what to add to it to get the balance right.
Just to be sure, I left out the ones that need to be heated, all though it seems that Omega-6-LA can take heat. After all, there is Omega-6-LA in organic, cold pressed olive oil, and that hardly forms transfats when heated139. And while the Omega-3-ALA derivatives DHA and EPA cannot be heated at all, and deteriorate at temperatures as low as 50 degrees Celsius,
Many Poly unsaturated Omega-3-ALA oils go rancid quickly and are sensitive to light and heat, so store them cool and dark and pay attention to the expiration date, and especially to your nose and tastebuds. If it smells bad it is, bad no matter whjat the expiratiion date says. Something may have gone wrong somewhere. So don’t take the risk, just don’t eat itif it’s not fresh and good. Oils can’t be reheated or reused. The fats turn into transfats142 and they become toxic instead of healthy143. So the seeds are always to be preferred, and even if you soak those or grind the, you need to consume them within 20 minutes, or they too become unhealthy.
Also beware when you give them and in which balance with Omega-6-LA. Omega-3-ALA competes with Omega–6-LA for enzymes, and that can be problematic during labour, when the Oxytocin Omega-6-LA gives cannot be sufficiently produced for labor. Omega-3-ALA overload can also cause immune function impairment when Omega-6-LA is crowded out and thus cannot provide the necessary immediate immune response.
So eat the right balance of Omega–3-ALA and Omega-6-LA for the organs you are targeting during breakfast and eat as much Omega-6-LA as you like during the rest of the day. It will only strengthen your gut lining, artery lining, skin, hair and nails
When you feel your heart, take some extra Omega-3-ALA. It dilutes your arteries and thins your blood and prevents blood clots. 144
If you have a head ache, take some extra Omega-6-LA, like sunflower seeds, A higher intake of linoleic acid may protect against ischemic stroke, possibly through potential mechanisms of decreased blood pressure, reduced platelet aggregation, and enhanced deformability of erythrocyte cells.145
The Inuit are evidence that there must be Parent Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in meat. After all, they have no access to seeds for the most part of the year.
Hunted animals, including birds, caribou, seals, walrus, polar bears, whales, and fish provide all the nutrition for the Inuit for at least 10 months of the year. And in the summer season people gather a few plant foods such as berries, grasses, tubers, roots, stems, and seaweed.150
Poultry products show a high content of Omega-6 acids (19.54%) and low content of stearic (8.22%) acid. Pork, poultry products, and beef liver presented a considerable amount of Linoleic-Acid11.85%, 19.54%, and 12.09%, respectively 151.
Ptarmigan was one of the only land birds regularly eaten by Inuit. This bird helped to improve an otherwise meager subsistence diet throughout the winter until caribou hunting began in springtime.152
The primary EFA for birds is Linoleic-Acid, as it is for mammals153 A total of 52 samples from six wildlife species were collected in the areas of Chisasibi, Waswanipi and Mistissini, of which 35 were from birds (white partridge and Canada goose) and 17 were from land animals (beaver, moose, caribou and black bear). Results: Alpha-Linolenic-Acid (ALA) was the most common n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in all samples except for the black bear flesh, in which it was docosapentaenoic-acid (DPAn-3). In white partridge, beaver and caribou flesh, PUFAs (mainly n-6) were the most common category of fats while in goose, moose and black bear flesh, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) predomin. .
To be complete I will mention meat and fish ratio’s of Omega-3: Omega 6 as well, but with these it is not clear which percentage is Parent Omega-3 and Omega 6, and which percentage is it’s derivatives DHA, EPA and ARA.
Remember: Omega-3-ALA derivatives DHA and EPA cannot be heated at all, and deteriorate at temperatures as low as 48.8degrees Celsius,. So unless you are eating fish completely raw, the Omega 3 levels of fish are theoretical, since the heat used to prepare the fish destroys the DHA and EPA.
That’s why fish and meat are not included in the Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA diagrams.
So that’s that then? The end of the Covid-19 measures?
If only.
Getting undamaged Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA through diet is easy and unpatentable, so we don’t have to expect those who want to make a profit from pharmaceuticals initiate or support it.
Even doctors are failing to distinguish between the damaged and undamaged Omega-6-LA.
Even if doctors 156who give an excellent explanation of how Omega-6-LA deactivates SARS CoV-2, they still use studies that confuse damaged Omega-6-LA with whole Omega-6-LA.
So the biases against dietary Omega-6-LA as well as all the misinformation need to be dealt with.
1.13. The biases against dietary Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA
What are those biases?
1.That all vegetable oils are a source of Omega-6-LA.
6-LA. It also works against a soar throat, and kills the virus. Mix it 1:1 with apple cider vinegar.157, like you would for a salad dressing, and take some for soothing a soar throat.
2. That Omega-6-LA is harmful
It is not. Damaged Omega-6-LA is harmful, as well as not balancing Omega-6-LA with Omega-3-ALA.158
3. That plant based Omega-3-ALA is inferior to fish oil, because only 5 % is absorbed in the body.
This comes from the misconception that Omega-3-ALA needs to be transformed into EPA and DHA in order to be absorbed in the body. It does not. In fact all cell membranes have Omega-3 -ALA and Omega-6-LA in ratio’s varying from anOmega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA ratio of 1:2.5 in the brain to 1:6,5 in muscle tissue.159
4. That Fish oil is a good source of Omega-3.
It is not, and not just because of the reasons mentioned in point 3. Fish oil contains no Alpha-Linolenic-Acid,the parent Omega-3 , just the Omega-3 derivatives EPA and DHA, while we need Omega-3-ALAfor our cell membranes, just as we need Omega-6-LA. The body can do nothing with excess DHA and EPA, while when we eat plant based Omega-3-ALA it makes as much as it needs and uses the rest of the Omega-3-ALA for the cell membranes. Besides, fish either contains mercury when it is caught in the wild or antibiotics and gmo’s from the food it gets if it is farmed. That asidefrom the environmental damage and the suffering for the fish that comes with fish consumption160. Even if you would want DHA and EPA, fish is not a good source, because EPA and DHA degrade at 50 degrees Celsius.161
The side effects of taking EPA and DHA rather than Alpha-Linolenic-Acid are:162
High Blood Sugar, Bleeding, Low Blood Pressure, Diarrhea, Acid Reflux, Stroke, Vitamin A Toxicity, Insomnia.
Beware that research papers often don’t distinguish between Alpha Linolenic Acid and EPA and DHA, while there is a big difference.
Alpha-Linolenic-Acid does not have these side effects. Just positive effects163:
5. That LDL cholesterol is bad and that you have to take anti cholesterol medication to limit it.
LDL cholesterol works as a buffer to keep cell membrane fluidity at an optimal level in the cell membrane. The problem is that cholesterol is much worse at diffusing oxygen than unsaturated fatty acids are. So to limit the need for cholesterol it is better to eat enough Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the right balance so cholesterol does not need to step in correct the cell membrane fluidity. Taking medication to stop cholesterol production is tackling the problem from the wrong end.
Cholesterol is also necessary for myelin formation, for Vitamin D synthesis from the sun and for the transportation of Essential Fatty Acids through the blood stream.
1.14. To Recapitulate:
Research has shown that Linoleic-Acid, locks the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, making it unable to infect cells.
However, there are guidelines on how to take Linoleic-Acid
It must be in balance with Alpha Linolenic Acid. It must also be in an undamaged form, otherwise it will have the opposite effect. And you need to take it the same balance as is in the organs: between 1:2,5 and 1:6,5 Omega-3-ALA: Omega6 -LA. An easy way to do this is with flax seeds and sunflower seeds, because they have the same levels of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA so they are easy to tweak and take in the right balance.
All you need to really prevent and cure Covid-19 is sunflower seeds, flax seed seed, olive leaf, olive oil, eucalyptus globulus and mentha arvensis, all natural, readily available and inexpensive remedies that are also good for any chronic disease, like diabetes, 165cardio-vascular disease, MS, gout, adhd, you name it. And for shortness of breath, plantain and grapes are wonderful because of the Benzophenone levels.166
The results of a number of scientific studies suggest that Omega-3-ALA fatty acids contribute to measuring and restricting inflammatory symptoms, whereas omega-6 acids (and saturated fats) give free range to inflammatory responses and amplify allergic reactions. 167
It is difficult to find out whether or not you can heat Omega-3-ALA, because DHA and EPA are highly unstable, and deteriorate already at 50 degrees Celsius.168 It seems that Flaxseed oil also can’t be heated, and degrades very quickly. Some sources say within 6 weeks after having been pressed, other sources say one month after the bottle has been opened.
All sources say Omega-3-ALA cannot be heated because it is a poly unsaturated fat,169 and heating causes trans fats to form170,
But extra virgin Olive oil is considered an excellent cooking oil while it has Omega-6-LA, which is also a poly unsaturated fat. 171
Omega-3-ALA is often confused with its derivatives EPA and DHA, which cannot be heated.
Still all agree that Omega-3-ALA should not be heated. Most oils with Omega 6 are not suited for consumption, with extra virgin olive oil as the exception, which can be heated. 172
A 1: 4 ratio of Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA is generally considered the optimum.
An appropriate balance can be an efficient, effective and often necessary way to meet the body’s needs, enhance its daily functions and promote health and longevity.173
For clear overviews of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA sources and how to eat them in the rightbalance, see chapter 7.2. Find the shortened version in chapter 7.12.d.2
7.2. Linoleic-Acid and Alpha-Linolenic-Acid
Our whole immune system hangs on two essential nutrients we need to get through diet, and that need to be eaten in the right balance: Alpha-Linolenic-Acid or Omega-3-ALA, and Linoleic Acid or Omega-6-LA.
The minimum RDA (Required Daily Allowance) of Alpha Linolenic Acid is 1 gram, the maximum is 5 grams. So 2 grams is right in the middle of those two.
Each organ has its own Omega-3-ALA:6-LA balance.
During the first meal of the day, eat Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA from healthy sources in the right balance. Then for the rest of the day you can eat as much Omega-6-LA as you want.
Sunflower seeds as a Linoleic-Acid source and flax seeds as an Alpha-Linolenic-Acid source in the right balance. Usually 1 table spoon of flax seeds and 4 tablespoons of sunflower seeds a day are a good quantity and balance, but there are many other food sources for Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA as you can see here:
Hemp seeds already have the right balance for the breast and gut and walnuts already have the right balance for the heart.
Emanuel Revici and Johanna Budwig discovered that Omega-3-ALA prevents and cures cancer, and Artemis Simopoulos found that eating Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the same balance as diseases organs cured them whereas not eating it in the same balance did not have the same effect.
So the Omega-6-LA RDA depends on the organ you want to target and on how much Omega-3-ALA you took.
Some Omega-3-ALA sources already have the right balance between Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA.
As such, the dietary reference intakes for linoleic acid reports that the adequate intakes (AIs) for women and men between the ages of 19 and 50 y of age are 12 g/d and 17 g/d, respectively. The AI is based on approximate median intakes of healthy individuals in the US population. These amounts are modified to 11 g/d and 14 g/d for women and men, respectively, between the ages of 51 and 70 y of age. The Scientific Advisory Board of the American Heart Association recommends intakes between 5 and 10% of energy for adults to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.175
Linoleic acid (LA) is critical for healthy looking skin and maintaining the skin barrier.176
There is no upper limit for Omega-6-LA because there is no known omega-6-LA toxicity.177
Here are some tools to be able to get the right balance for each organ through natural sources:
Hemp seeds already have the right balance for the breast and gut. Walnuts already have the right balance for the heart, Mustard seeds already have the right balance for the eyes and brains.
Chia seed oil is called a skin product, not an edible one. 179 That; s why it is n9t included in the list.
You can create the right balance with Omega-6-LA for the organ you want to target using the following tool. Showing how to get to 2 grams of Omega-6-LA, which gives you a base to calculate any desired quantity to balance the Omega-3-ALA.
Another study, published in March 2015 in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, revealed that consuming Omega-3-ALA Omega-6-LA along with antioxidants, acts efficiently against hair loss and improves hair density.180
Concerns have been raised about higher linoleic acid consumption being harmful for heart health because of potential pro-inflammatory and thrombogenic properties. Linoleic acid can be elongated to arachidonic acid and subsequently synthesized to a variety of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, which may increase Chronic Heart Disease risk. But this speculation is not supported by randomized controlled feeding studies, in which dietary intake of linoleic acid was not found to increase plasma levels of arachidonic acid or inflammatory markers. On the contrary, some studies have found anti-inflammatory effects of diets higher in linoleic acid compared to those higher in saturated fat. 181
So how does this factor in with Simopoulos’s results that showed better results when Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA were eaten in the same balance as the organ you wanted healing for?
In theory a good approach could be to start the day with eating the Omega’\ s in the right balance for the organ you wish to target, and then the rest of the day as much Omega-86LA as you like, since the body has excellent ways to deal with excess Omega-6-LA, as it promotes skin, hair and nail health.
This because how Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA take each others place when one of the two is in short supply may be similar to how cholesterol jumps in to correct membrane fluidity when there is a lack of essential poly unsaturated fats.
So during the first meal of the day you will want to make sure that the organs are saturated with the fats in the right balance so that one will not have to replace the other.
But the, the rest of the day you can just eat as much Omega -6- LA foods as you like. And if you get feel unwell, use some extra Omega-6-LA if you get headaches and Omega-3-ALA if you get heart aches.
Any warnings against overdosing on Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA can theoretically be attributed to the fact that not all studies use proper Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA sources and they don’t distinguish between the parent forms and derivative, so that’s something that still needs to be researched properly.
But since research does confirm that Omega-6-LA has no harmful effects in whatever quantity, and the body has beneficial ways to deal with any excess by strengthening hair and nails,you can eat all the Omega-6-LA you like after you had the Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA for breakfast in the proper balance to prevent Omega-6 -LA to take Omega03-ALA’s place in the cell membrane and vice versa.
Nuts are the best sources of Omega-6-LA, but they are also in seeds:
Another strength of Linoleic-Acid and Alpha-Linolenic-Acid is that they carry substances to the cell membranes. Revici used this with Sulfur and Imre Bergen mentioned it as a possibility for anything used to treat Covid-19.
Be an Omega Pro. When there is inflammation, take more Omega-3-ALA. Also when there is an allergic reaction. Also when you feel you may have heart problems. Just some extra flaxseed thins the blood and prevents bookd clots. The. When you have a headache, take more Omega-6-LA. Omega-6-LA is also what you want during labour, not Omega-3-ALA, because that would block the contractions, since Omega-3-ALA competes with Omega-6-LA. You have to be very aware when you take what.These are powerful tools for health and well being. Use them wisely.
Chapter 4.Essential Fatty Acids and Cell Membrane Fluidity
4.1. Introduction: Fatty acids reside in the cell membranes.
The cell membrane is made of lipids of which Linoleic-Acid and Alpha Linolenic Acid185 are the only ones that can’ t be synthesized by the body. They need to be ingested.
A quarter to a third of the cell membrane is made of Essential fatty Acids, Omega 3-ALA and Omega-6-LA.
While lipids are the fundamental structural elements of membranes, proteins are responsible for carrying out specific membrane functions. Most plasma membranes consist of approximately 50% lipid and 50% protein by weight, with the carbohydrate portions of glycolipids and glycoproteins constituting 5 to 10% of the membrane mass. Since proteins are much larger than lipids, this percentage corresponds to about one protein molecule per every 50 to 100 molecules of lipid. In 1972, Jonathan Singer and Garth Nicolson proposed the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, which is now generally accepted as the basic paradigm for the organization of all biological membranes. In this model, membranes are viewed as two-dimensional fluids in which proteins are inserted into lipid bilayers 186.
This is what a eukaryotic cell membrane, like we have, looks like:
Structure of the cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell187.
4.2.Functions
The plasma membrane is selectively permeable i.e. it allows only selected substances to pass through.
It protects the cells from shock and injuries.
The fluid nature of the membrane allows the interaction of molecules within the membrane. It is also important for secretion, cell growth, and division etc.
It allows transport of molecules across the membrane. This transport can be of two types:
Active transport – This transport occurs against the concentration gradient and therefore, requires energy. It also needs carrier proteins and is a highly selective process.
Passive transport – This transport occurs along the concentration gradient and therefore, does not require energy. Thus, it does not need carrier proteins and is not selective188.
4,3, Membrane Fluidity
The plasma membrane is a fluid combination of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins. Carbohydrates attached to lipids (glycolipids) and to proteins (glycoproteins) extend from the outward-facing surface of the membrane189.
The main difference between the cell membrane and plasma membrane is that the cell membrane is the boundary of the cell whereas plasma membrane can be the boundary of a cell or an organelle. Both cell membrane and plasma membrane are selectively permeable to molecules.190
Carbohydrates attached to lipids (glycolipids) and to proteins (glycoproteins) extend from the outward-facing surface of the membrane191.
4.4.We have eukaryotic cells
A eukaryotic cell is any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus.
The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material) are located.192
Examples of organisms consisting of eukaryotic cells are plants, animals, protozoa193, fungi.
Their genetic material is organized in chromosomes. 194All eukaryotic cell membranes consist of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, also those of plants! 195
Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles.
Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea, which scientists believe have unique evolutionary lineages.
Most prokaryotes are small, single-celled organisms that have a relatively simple structure. 196
4.6. Fatty acids
Fatty acids are organic substances the molecules of which consist of a hydrophilic carboxyl head (a carbon chain, and a hydrophobic methyl tail.
4.7. Saturated fatty acids
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are fatty acids whose aliphatic carbon chains are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms or contain only C-C single bond and contain no C=C double bonds.
An aliphatic compound is an organic compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings. It is one of two broad classes of hydrocarbons, the other being aromatic compounds. 197
Aromatic compounds,
Aromatic compounds, are unsaturated chemical compounds characterized by one or more planar rings of atoms joined by covalent bonds of two different kinds. The unique stability of these compounds is referred to as aromaticity. 198 A molecule is aromatic when it adheres to 4 main criteria:
The molecule must be planar, meaning two dimensional.199
The molecule must be cyclic, or round.
Every atom in the aromatic ring must have a p orbital, which means that the electrons have a dumbbell shaped orbit.200 That looks like this.201
The ring must contain pi electrons.202 A pi electron is an electron which resides in the pi bond(s) of a double bond or a triple bond, or in a conjugated p orbital. 203 Pi bonds are when the lobe of one atomic orbital overlaps another. 204Orbital lobe (lobe): A section of orbital bordered by one or more orbital nodes.205 A node is a place where there is zero probability of finding an electron. 206
The word aliphatic comes from the ancient Greek word ἄλειφαρ, pronounced aleiphar, and which means “oil or ointment”. 207
UFAs are again classified as monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and
MUFAs, or monounsaturated fatty acids, contain only one C=C double bond.
4.8. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
(PUFAs):
PUFAs, or polyunsaturated fatty acids, contain more than one C=C double bond.
Because of the presence of C-C single bonds or C=C double bonds, they have characteristic structural features and differences in physical as well as chemical properties and have significant roles in the constitution of cellular membranes.
Omega (ω) is used to denote the position of double bonds from the methyl end of the fatty acid.
Colored curved arrows =biological conversion is possible from the precursor by the actions of elongase/desaturase enzymes. Black arrow =indicates the position(s) of double bond.
Which fatty acids does it have?
The straight chain structural features of the most common fatty acids. Most of them are not essential.
Fatty A cidsynthesis starts with citrate conversion to acetyl-Coenzyme A and the malonyl-Coenzyme A, which is then elongated to form palmitate and other Fatty Acids. Key enzymes in this process are acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), which catalyzes the DNL (de novo lipogenesis) limiting step reaction, and the Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS). Coenzyme A is synthesized with the help of Vitamin B5, penthonic acid. 210Synthesis of fatty acids occurs in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and is chemically similar to the beta-oxidation process, but with a couple of key differences. The first of these occur in preparing substrates for the reactions that grow the fatty acid. Transport of acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria occurs when it begins to build up. Two molecules can play roles in moving it to the cytoplasm – citrate and acetylcarnitine. Joining of oxaloacetate with acetyl-CoA in the mitochondrion creates citrate which moves across the membrane, followed by action of citrate lyase in the cytoplasm of the cell to release acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. Additionally, when free acetyl-CoA accumulates in the mitochondrion, it may combine with carnitine and be transported out to the cytoplasm.211 All non essential fatty acids are synthesized in body with the help of Coenzyme A, which is made with the help of Vitamin B5
In this illustration, the hydrophobic methyl (CH4) tails are at the left, the carboxyl (COOH) heads are at the rig
PLA=palmitic acid, non essential,.
STA=stearic acid, non essential
OLA=oleic acid, non essential
LLA= Linoleic-Acid, or Parent Omega-6-LA, an essential fatty acid, which means it must be eaten.
LLN = α-linolenic acid or Parent Omega-3-ALA. It is essential, which means it can only be obtained from diet.
AA=arachidonic acid (a non essential Omega 6 fatty acid. Synthesized in the body from Omega 6LA)
EPA=eicosapentaenoic acid (a non essential Omega-3 fatty acid, only found in the eyes and brains. The body synthesizes it itself from Omega-3 ALA.)
DHA=docosahexaenoic acid.212 (a non essential Omega-3.. .The body synthesizes it itself from Omega-3 ALA.)
4.9. Cell Membrane Fluidity
The composition of a membrane affects its fluidity.
Cell membrane fluidity is affected by fatty acids. Whether the fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated has an effect on membrane fluidity.
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain, and the maximum amount of hydrogen.
.In their saturated form, the fatty acids in phospholipid tails are saturated with bound hydrogen atoms and there are no double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms.
Saturated lipids result in tails that are relatively straight. Thus, if saturated fatty acids, with their straight tails, are compressed by decreasing temperatures, they press in on each other, making a dense and fairly rigid membrane.
The absence of double bonds decreases fluidity, making the membrane very rigid and tightly stacked
In contrast, unsaturated fatty acids do not contain a maximal number of hydrogen atoms, although they do contain some double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms. Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond, creating a “kink” in the chain.
The double bond increases fluidity.
4.13. A double bond results in a bend of approximately 30 degrees in the string of carbons.
While the individual lipids may be more rigid, membranes made with such lipids are more fluid and have lower melting points, which means less thermal energy is required to achieve the same level of fluidity as membranes made with lipids with saturated hydrocarbon chains.
If unsaturated fatty acids are compressed, the “kinks” in their tails elbow adjacent phospholipid molecules away, maintaining some space between the phospholipid molecules.
This “elbow room” helps to maintain fluidity in the membrane at temperatures at which membranes with saturated fatty acid tails in their phospholipids would “freeze” or solidify. 215
Lipid chains with carbon-carbon double bonds (unsaturated) are more rigid than lipids that are saturated with hydrogens, as double bonds cannot freely turn. Because of this rigidity, unsaturated double bonds make it harder for the lipids to pack together by putting kinks into the otherwise straightened hydrocarbon chain. 217
Lipids with shorter chains are less stiff and less viscous because they are more susceptible to changes in kinetic energy du dueto their smaller molecular size and they have less surface area to undergo stabilizing London forces with neighboring hydrophobic chains.
The London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular force. The London dispersion force is a temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles. This force is sometimes called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction. London forces are the attractive forces that cause nonpolar substances to condense to liquids and to freeze into solids when the temperature is lowered sufficiently.218
Incorporation of particular lipids, such as sphingomyelin, into synthetic lipid membranes is known to stiffen a membrane.
Such membranes can be described as “a glass state, i.e., rigid but without crystalline order”.
4.15.Temperature
Another way to increase membrane fluidity is to heat up the membrane. Lipids acquire thermal energy when they are heated up; energetic lipids move around more, arranging and rearranging randomly, making the membrane more fluid. At low temperatures, the lipids are laterally ordered and organized in the membrane, and the lipid chains are mostly in the all-trans configuration and pack well together. So when yo get a fever, membrane fluidity increases, easing the expulsion of toxins as well as the availability of anti toxins.
The melting temperature of a membrane is defined as the temperature across which the membrane transitions from a crystal-like to a fluid-like organization, or vice versa. This phase transition is not an actual state transition, but the two levels of organizations are very similar to a solid and liquid state.
The membrane is in crystalline phase when the level of order in the bi-layer is high and the fluidity is low.
T_{m}}” width=”2″ height=”2″> The membrane is in liquid-crystal phase when the membrane is less ordered and more fluid.
At 37°C, this is the state of the membrane. The correcting presence of cholesterol, however, allows for the membrane stabilization and a more compact organization
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist in the membrane as separate but loosely-attached molecules. 221
However, because of its mosaic nature, a very fine needle can easily penetrate a plasma membrane without causing it to burst. The membrane will flow and self-seal when the needle is extracted.222
If saturated fatty acids are compressed by decreasing temperatures, they press in on each other, making a dense and fairly rigid membrane.
If unsaturated fatty acids are compressed, the “kinks” in their tails push adjacent phospholipid molecules away, which helps maintain fluidity in the membrane.
The ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids determines the fluidity in the membrane at cold temperatures.
Cholesterol functions as a buffer, preventing lower temperatures from inhibiting fluidity and preventing higher temperatures from increasing fluidity.223
4.16. Cholesterol corrects fluidity
Another factor that keeps the membrane fluid is cholesterol. Cell membrane fluidity is also affected by cholesterol. Cholesterol can correct the cell membrane fluidity, making it more rigid when it tends to get too fluid and making it more fluid when it tends to get too rigid,
Cholesterol lies alongside the phospholipids in the membrane and tends to dampen the effects of temperature on the membrane. Thus, cholesterol functions as a buffer, preventing lower temperatures or a high amount of saturated fats from inhibiting fluidity and preventing higher temperatures or an overdose of unsaturated fats, which can happen if you eat the derivatives rather than the parent forms, from increasing fluidity too much. Cholesterol extends in both directions the range of temperature in which the membrane is appropriately fluid and, consequently, functional. Cholesterol also serves other functions, such as organizing clusters of transmembrane proteins into lipid rafts.224
Lipid rafts are plasma membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids that are involved in the lateral compartmentalization of molecules at the cell surface. Internalization of ligands and receptors by these domains occurs via a process defined as raft-dependent endocytosis. 225
Sphingolipids are enriched in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and display multiple biological functions. They participate in tissue development, cell recognition and adhesion, and act as receptors for toxins.226
Viscosity of the membrane can affect the oxygenation of the cell227, rotation and diffusion of proteins and other bio-molecules within the membrane, there-by affecting their functions.
You want to prevent cholesterol from having to step in though, because cholesterol is a much worse diffuser of oxygen than fatty acids are.
It is however a very bad idea to take cholesterol inhibitors, because in doing so you sabotage the body’s mechanism of regulating cell rigidity.
4.17. The importance of oxygenation
The availability of oxygen (O2) within cells and tissues has significant biomedical implications. Indeed, cellular oxygenation is a critical parameter in tumor therapy, anesthesia, wound healing, reperfusion injury, adipose tissue dysfunction, as well as brain function and possibly neuronal hypometabolism. Tissue-level hypoxia may select tumor cells resistant to apoptosis, and hypoxic cycling may favor tumor aggression and resistance to therapy [. Moreover, hypoxia is a major barrier to progress in tissue engineering, as 3D-printed cells toward the center of engineered constructs tend to languish and die because of poor diffusional oxygen delivery. 228
Oxygen is known to play a key role in cellular energetics. Both oxidation and other forms of energy production depend on a continuous supply of oxygen to the cells. In mammals, oxygen is extracted from the atmospheric air in the lungs, and carried by the bloodstream through the circulation to the tissue, where it is utilized mainly within the mitochondria. 229
How important are the resistances to transport provided by various membranes (red blood cell, endothelial cell, parenchymal cell) along the pathway? Does oxygen cross these membranes by pure diffusion, or is the diffusion facilitated by a carrier? 230
Krogh laid the foundation of the theory of oxygen transport to tissue. He proposed that oxygen is transported in the tissue by passive diffusion driven by gradients of oxygen tension.231
Under normal conditions in human circulation, each milliliter of blood carries about 0.2 ml of oxygen. In arterial blood, about 98% of this oxygen is reversibly bound to a protein, hemoglobin, contained within the red blood cells, and the remaining oxygen is in a free form, dissolved in both blood plasma and in the hemoglobin solution inside the red blood cells. 232
The total amount of oxygen carried by blood as 0.204 ml of oxygen per milliliter blood. Only 1.5% of oxygen is in the dissolved form provided that hemoglobin is completely saturated. 233
Krogh believed that red cell cytoplasm and the cell membrane can present a large resistance to oxygen diffusion. 234 Later researchers thought the red cell membrane resistance constitutes only a small fraction of the total resistance to oxygen transport, whereas the main portion of the remaining resistance is located within the incompletely stirred diffusion boundary layer immediately outside the erythrocyte surface. 235Huxley and Kutchai 236expressed the total diffusion resistance outside the red cell cytosol as the sum of the membrane transport resistance and the diffusion boundary layer resistance. The best estimate from this study showed that only 5% of the total resistance could be attributed to the membrane. If it is assumed that all of the resistance is concentrated in the membrane, then the diffusion coefficient for oxygen in the membrane would have to be 1.2·10−7cm2/s, i.e., about 100 times smaller than in water. This conclusion would be in disagreement with the value of D for the membrane measured by the fluorescence quenching of pyrene237. This method predicted a much larger value D = 0.7·10−5 cm2/s, i.e., approximately five times smaller than in water. These results suggest that the membrane poses a negligible resistance to oxygen transport238.
In the capillaries, oxygen is transported within red cells through the solution of hemoglobin, then through the cell membrane and the blood plasma. Since cells and plasma are in motion, both convection and diffusion (free and facilitated) may be important. It was recognized early that the red cell cytosol has a finite resistance to oxygen transport, which results in a gradient of oxygen tension between the interior of the cell and the plasma surrounding the cell (Hartridge and Roughton61). In fact, the rapid-mixing experiments and their analyses discussed above suggest that both the cell interior and the plasma surrounding the cell resist oxygen diffusion, 2391. Transport in Plasma Gaps between Red Blood Cells
Oxygen in the plasma can be transported by both convection and diffusion. 240
Convection is the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. 241
Diffusion, process resulting from random motion of molecules by which there is a net flow of matter from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration242.
A study from1999 could explain the different ideas about oxygen diffusion through cell membranes. It shows that cholesterol inhibits oxygen diffusion.243
A study done in 2021 concludes: The common assumption that oxygen diffuses primarily by way of aqueous pathways is challenged by contemporary understanding of cells and tissues as complex and crowded macromolecular environments. Rather, evidence to date supports a model of lipid-accelerated oxygen diffusion within membranes and lipid droplets held in close proximity by protein contacts.244
Osmosis can cause cell membranes to burst in case of over hydration or too little salt, or to shrivel up when there is too much salt or too little fluid.
4.18. Human cells can burst due to the effects of osmosis.
Water will continue to flow until equilibrium is reached (when the concentration inside the cell is equal to the concentration outside the cell) or when the cell cannot take on any more water and bursts.245Cytolysis, also known as osmotic lysis, occurs when a cell bursts and releases its contents into the extracellular environment due to a great influx of water into the cell, far exceeding the capacity of the cell membrane to contain the extra volume.246 When due to much water intake or too little salt intake the plasma becomes much less salt than the inside of the cell, the cell will keep taking up water until the concentration inside matches that of the outside. A red blood cell will swell and undergo hemolysis (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution.
When placed in a hypertonic solution, a red blood cell will lose water and undergo crenation (shrivel). 247 When a person consumes an excessive amount of water and cells in their brain start to swell, the pressure inside their skull increases. This causes the first symptoms of water intoxication, which include:
A buildup of fluid in the brain is called cerebral edema. This can affect the brain stem and cause central nervous system dysfunction.
In severe cases, water intoxication can cause seizures, brain damage, a coma, and even death248.
So what we eat and drink and how much we eat and drink is of essential importance to cell membrane fluidity and even cell membrane survival.
Unsaturated Fatty Acids don’t only accelerate oxygen diffusion through cell membranes, they also accelerate oxygen transportation through plasma.
Conclusion to Chapter 4
Fatty acids reside in the cell membranes.
The cell membrane is made of lipids of which Linoleic-Acid and Alpha Linolenic Acid249 are the only ones that can’ t be synthesized by the body. They need to be ingested.
A quarter to a third of the cell membrane is made of Essential fatty Acids, Omega 3-ALA and Omega-6-LA.
The hydrophylic heads are on the outside and the hydrophobic tail is in the middle of the cell membrane.
Omega 3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the cell membrane.250
This is the case in all eukaryotic cells, cells with a defined nucleus. All plants and animals have this.
If we are all bags of water, as Nobel Prize winner Jacques Dubochet says, then the cell membranes are the bags. They are semi-permeable bags that need a certain fluidity to let all the nutrients in and all the waste materials out.
It is very important for our health that our cell membranes become neither to fluid or to rigid.
It is also important that they are permeable.
Fluidity versus rigidity
Poly unsaturated fatty acids, like Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA and their derivatives, make the cell membrane more fluid.
Saturated fatty acids, which the body makes itself, make the cell membrane more rigid.
Permeability
Transfats are even less permeable than that, and suffocate the cell.
Poly unsaturated fatty acids give the cell membrane elbow room for nutrients to pass through.
Drinking too much water can make cell membranes burst and be deadly.
Temperature
Higher temperatures make the cell membrane more fluid and permeable.
That’s the reason we have fevers when there are pathogens. So that the nutrients to heal us can pass our cell membranes easily and the waste materials can be disposed of easily.
Cholesterol acts as a correction mechanism for cell membrane fluidity. Cholesterol lies alongside the phospholipids in the membrane and tends to dampen the effects of temperature on the membrane.
Thus, cholesterol functions as a buffer, preventing lower temperatures or a high amount of saturated fats from inhibiting fluidity and preventing higher temperatures or an overdose of unsaturated fats, which can happen if you eat the derivatives rather than the parent forms, from increasing fluidity too much.
Cholesterol extends in both directions the range of temperature in which the membrane is appropriately fluid and, consequently, functional. Cholesterol also serves other functions, such as organizing clusters of transmembrane proteins into lipid rafts.
The problem with cholesterol is, however, is that it is 1000 times less permeable for oxygen.
That’s another reason why it is important to eat enough polyunsaturated fatty acids to keep cell membrane fluidity optimal.
And it is another reason why we should not sabotage cholesterol formation by taking statins. If there is nothing to be corrected, cholesterol does not need to jump in. But it is important that iris there in case it is needed, and it is always needed for so many other functions, so stopping its production is always a bad idea, while keeping the cell membrane fluidity by eating Omega-3-ALA and Omage-6-LA in the right balance is always a very good idea. hopefully now you know how!
1Glossary of terms, Docosahexaenoic Acid , Karger, 2016, P.C. Calder, Ann Nutr Metab 2016;69(suppl 1):8-21
2Omega-6 fatty acid and Arachidonic Acid (also referred to as ω-6 fatty acids or n-6 fatty acids) are a family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in th n-6 position, that is, the sixth bond, counting from the methyl end.This is because the number of carbons from the methyl end to the first double bond is six.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7037798/
5Innate immune system: The innate immune system gives the primary response to invaders, as opposed to acquired immunity, which is specific to a certain invader.From Innate Immunity, Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition, Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al.
10Metabolism of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid: The metabolic pathway of conversion of α-linolenic acid to DHA showing the enzymes involved.Docosahexaenoic Acid,Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism2016, Vol.69, Suppl. 1 ,November 2016,Calder P.C , Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/448262
11Metabolism of Alpha-Linolenic-Acid: The metabolic pathway of conversion of α-linolenic acid to DHA showing the enzymes involved. Docosahexaenoic Acid,Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism2016, Vol.69, Suppl. 1 ,November 2016,Calder P.C , Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/448262
13endocrine gland,An organ that makes hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body. Endocrine glands help control many body functions, including growth and development, metabolism, and fertility. Some examples of endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.,NCI’s Dictionary of Cancer Terms NIH, National Cancer Institute, https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/endocrine-gland
15Prolactin is a hormone made by the pituitary gland, a small gland at the base of the brain. Prolactin causes the breasts to grow and make milk during pregnancy and after birth. Prolactin levels are normally high for pregnant women and new mothers. Levels are normally low for nonpregnant women and for men, Medline Plus, https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/prolactin-levels/
19Eicosanoids: Formation, Function, and Subclasses, AMBOSS: Medical Knowledge Distilled , October 22, 2018,AMBOSS is driven by its mission to empower all doctors to provide the best possible care. It aims to serve those pursuing medicine as well as those already in the field as an extensive medical knowledge resource., https://youtu.be/-JOn8g8LvwE?t=629
20Prostaglandins: The prostaglandins are a group of lipids made at sites of tissue damage or infection that are involved in dealing with injury and illness. They control processes such as inflammation, blood flow, the formation of blood clots and the induction of labour. You and Your Hormones, Society of Endocrinology, Education Resource, ,https://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/prostaglandins/
21Prostaglandins: The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids , having diverse hormone-like effects in animals. Prostaglandins have been found in almost every tissue in humans and other animals. They are derived enzymatically from the fatty acid Arachidonic-Acid Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring. They are a subclass of eicosanoids and of the prostanoid class of fatty acid derivatives. What are Prostaglandins?Researchgate, Faris S. Kata, https://www.researchgate.net/post/What-are-prostaglandins
24Eicosanoids: Formation, Function, and Subclasses, AMBOSS: Medical Knowledge Distilled , October 22, 2018,AMBOSS is driven by its mission to empower all doctors to provide the best possible care. It aims to serve those pursuing medicine as well as those already in the field as an extensive medical knowledge resource.
25Prostacyclin Prostacyclin (PGI2) is a vasodilator derived from the Arachidonic-Acid pathway after conversion by cyclo-oxygenase, Prostacyclin, Science Direct, From: Basic Science in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Fourth Edition), 2010
26Prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin), PMC, January 26, 1980, Kelton JG, Blajchman MA. Prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin). Can Med Assoc J. 1980 Jan 26;122(2):175-9. PMID: 6988063 ; PMCID: PMC1801769.J. G. Keltonand M. A. Blajchman
32Overview of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, Adapted from Prostaglandins And Cancer, Researchgate, February 2006, Dingzhi Wang, Raymond N DuBois. The original file did ot mention Omega-6-LA as the source of Arachidonic Acid, and it PGE2, which causes inflammation, as the reason for tumor growth. But research from Artemis Simopoulos showed that eating Omega-5-LA in the correct balance with Omega-3-ALA stopped tumor growth. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Overview-of-prostaglandin-PG-synthesis-and-main-functions-Arachidonic-acid-can-be_fig1_7643103
33Overview of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, Adapted from Prostaglandins And Cancer, Researchgate, February 2006, Dingzhi Wang, Raymond N DuBois. The original file did ot mention Omega-6-LA as the source of Arachidonic Acid, and it PGE2, which causes inflammation, as the reason for tumor growth. But research from Artemis Simopoulos showed that eating Omega-5-LA in the correct balance with Omega-3-ALA stopped tumor growth. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Overview-of-prostaglandin-PG-synthesis-and-main-functions-Arachidonic-acid-can-be_fig1_7643103
34Physiology, Thromboxane A2, NCBI, Updated: September 14, 2021, Dane Rucker, Amit S. Dhamoon., SUNY Upstate Medical University
35Thromboxane: A substance made by platelets that causes blood clotting and constriction of blood vessels. It also encourages platelet aggregation. There are two thromboxanes. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is active but is very unstable and has a half-life of only 30 seconds before it undergoes hhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/platelet-aggregationydrolysis to form thromboxane B2 (TXB2) which is inactive. The thromboxanes are derived from arachidonic acid and are related to prostaglandins. Aspirin acts by inhibiting the COX enzyme from synthesizing precursors of thromboxane in platelets thereby reducing platelet aggregation.
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*Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
40Leukotrienes in gynaecology: the hypothetical value of anti-leukotriene therapy in dysmenorrhoea and endometriosis, PubMed, Mar-Apr 2000 , Abu JI, Konje JC. Leukotrienes in gynaecology: the hypothetical value of anti-leukotriene therapy in dysmenorrhoea and endometriosis. Hum Reprod Update. 2000 Mar-Apr;6(2):200-5. doi: 10.1093/humupd/6.2.200
42Leukotriene C4 Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4 are cysteinyl leukotrienes that are primarily responsible for the increase in vascular permeability and contraction of bronchial smooth muscle associated with an anaphylactic reaction or an acute asthma attack.
43Leukotriene Modifiers, Leukotriene modifiers, also called leukotriene receptor antagonists, are a group of medications. They can help prevent breathing problems associated with allergies, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Examples include montelukast, zafirlukast and zileuton,Cleveland Clinic, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/14278-leukotriene-modifiers
Skip Nav DestinationResolvins suppress tumor growth and enhance cancer therapy, JEM, Rockerfeller University Press, Article|November 30 2017, In Special Collection: 2018: The Year in Experimental Medicine , Cancer 2018 , Cancer Plasticity and Heterogeneity , Cell Death, Inflammation, and Adaptation to Tissue Stress , Translational Immunology 2018
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48Resolving inflammation: dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators, Nature, May 2008, Charles N. Serhan, Nan Chiang & Thomas E. Van Dyke Nature Reviews Immunology volume 8, pages349–361 (2008)https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2294
49Resolving inflammation: dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators, Nature, May 2008, Charles N. Serhan, Nan Chiang & Thomas E. Van Dyke Nature Reviews Immunology volume 8, pages349–361 (2008), https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2294
50anti-inflammatory agent, A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation. They are used to treat many different conditions. Some anti-inflammatory agents are being studied in the prevention and treatment of cancer , NIH, National Cancer Institute,
56Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism,PMC, April 9, 2020, Poitelon Y, Kopec AM, Belin S. Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism. Cells. 2020 Mar 27;9(4):812. doi: 10.3390/cells9040812 PMID: 32230947 PMCID: PMC7226731. Yannick Poitelon, Ashley M. Kopec, and Sophie Belin* Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; ude.cma@yletiop (Y.P.); ude.cma@acepok (A.M.K.)
57Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism,PMC, April 9, 2020, Poitelon Y, Kopec AM, Belin S. Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism. Cells. 2020 Mar 27;9(4):812. doi: 10.3390/cells9040812 PMID: 32230947 PMCID: PMC7226731. Yannick Poitelon, Ashley M. Kopec, and Sophie Belin* Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; ude.cma@yletiop (Y.P.); ude.cma@acepok (A.M.K.)
59Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Loss of Myelin Sheath of Sciatic Nerve in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats,PubMed, June 2018, Tasci I, Demir CF, Kuloglu T. Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Loss of Myelin Sheath of Sciatic Nerve in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats. Med Arch. 2018 Jun;72(3):178-181. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2018.72.178-181. . PMID: 30061762; PMCID: PMC6021160. Irem Tasci1, Caner Feyzi Demir2, Tuncay Kuloglu3 , Department of Neurology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology. Malatya, Turkey.
Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology, Malatya, Turekey.
69Dietary Flaxseed as a Strategy for Improving Human Health, PubMed, May 25, 2019, Parikh M, Maddaford TG, Austria JA, Aliani M, Netticadan T, Pierce GN. Dietary Flaxseed as a Strategy for Improving Human Health. Nutrients. 2019 May 25;11(5):1171. doi: 10.3390/nu11051171
Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. mparikh@sbrc.ca.
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Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada. tmaddaford@sbrc.ca.
Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. tmaddaford@sbrc.ca.
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Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. aaustria@sbrc.ca.
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Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. tnetticadan@sbrc.ca.
Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada. tnetticadan@sbrc.ca.
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada. gpierce@sbrc.ca.
Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. gpierce@sbrc.ca.
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81Alpha-Linolenic and Linoleic Fatty Acids in the Vegan Diet: Do They Require Dietary Reference Intake/Adequate Intake Special Consideration?PMC, October 11, 2019, Burns-Whitmore B, Froyen E, Heskey C, Parker T, San Pablo G. Alpha-Linolenic and Linoleic Fatty Acids in the Vegan Diet: Do They Require Dietary Reference Intake/Adequate Intake Special Consideration? Nutrients. 2019 Oct 4;11(10):2365. doi: 10.3390/nu11102365 PMID: 31590264 ; PMCID: PMC6835948. Bonny Burns-Whitmore,1,* Erik Froyen,1 Celine Heskey,2 Temetra Parker,1 and Gregorio San Pablo1 1Nutrition and Food Science Department, Don B Huntley College of Agriculture, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA; ude.ppc@neyorfbe (E.F.); moc.oohay@suoartem (T.P.); moc.liamg@olbapnasyggerg (G.S.P.)
2Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; ude.ull@yeksehc
83Alpha-Linolenic and Linoleic Fatty Acids in the Vegan Diet: Do They Require Dietary Reference Intake/Adequate Intake Special Consideration?PMC, October 11, 2019, Burns-Whitmore B, Froyen E, Heskey C, Parker T, San Pablo G. Alpha-Linolenic and Linoleic Fatty Acids in the Vegan Diet: Do They Require Dietary Reference Intake/Adequate Intake Special Consideration? Nutrients. 2019 Oct 4;11(10):2365. doi: 10.3390/nu11102365 PMID: 31590264 ; PMCID: PMC6835948. Bonny Burns-Whitmore,1,* Erik Froyen,1 Celine Heskey,2 Temetra Parker,1 and Gregorio San Pablo1 1Nutrition and Food Science Department, Don B Huntley College of Agriculture, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA; ude.ppc@neyorfbe (E.F.); moc.oohay@suoartem (T.P.); moc.liamg@olbapnasyggerg (G.S.P.)
2Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; ude.ull@yeksehc
86Fatty acid desaturaseA fatty acid desaturase is an enzyme that removes two hydrogen atoms from a fatty acid, creating a carbon/carbon double bond. These desaturases are classified as:
Delta – indicating that the double bond is created at a fixed position from the carboxyl end of a fatty acid chain. For example, Δ9 desaturase creates a double bond between the ninth and tenth carbon atom from the carboxyl end.
Omega – indicating the double bond is created at a fixed position from the methyl end of a fatty acid chain. For instance, ω3 desaturase creates a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atom from the methyl end. In other words, it creates an omega-3 fatty acid.
93A major mechanism in the cellular defense against oxidative or electrophilic stress is activation of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway, which controls the expression of genes whose protein products are involved in the detoxication and elimination of reactive oxidants and electrophilic agents through conjugative reactions and by enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity. … https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2679427/ The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that responds to oxidative stress by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter of genes coding for antioxidant enzymes like NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and proteins for glutathione synthesis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22819548/
Kedar N. Prasad1,1Engage Global, 245 El Faison Drive, San Rafael, CA, USA;Address correspondence to this author at the Engage Global, 245 El Faisan Drive, San Rafael, CA 94903, USA; Tel: 415-686-6251; E-mail:ten.tsacmoc@dasarpnk*and Stephen C. Bondy2Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA92697, USA
101Role of lipids in the formation and maintenance of the cutaneous permeability barrier,PubMed, November18, 2013, Feingold KR, Elias PM. Role of lipids in the formation and maintenance of the cutaneous permeability barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Mar;1841(3):280-94. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.11.007. Epub 2013 Nov 18. PMID: 24262790.Kenneth R Feingold 1, Peter M Elias 2,1Metabolism Section, Medicine Service and Dermatology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. Electronic address: kenneth.feingold@ucsf.edu.
2Metabolism Section, Medicine Service and Dermatology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
103Essential function of linoleic acid esterified in acylglucosylceramide and acylceramide in maintaining the epidermal water permeability barrier. Evidence from feeding studies with oleate, linoleate, arachidonate, columbinate and alpha-linolenate, PubMed, May 17, 1985, Hansen HS, Jensen B. Essential function of linoleic acid esterified in acylglucosylceramide and acylceramide in maintaining the epidermal water permeability barrier. Evidence from feeding studies with oleate, linoleate, arachidonate, columbinate and alpha-linolenate. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 May 17;834(3):357-63. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(85)90009-8. PMID: 3922424.H S Hansen, B Jensen, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3922424/
104Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids by skin epidermal enzymes: generation of antiinflammatory and antiproliferative metabolites,PubMed, January 2000, Ziboh VA, Miller CC, Cho Y. Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids by skin epidermal enzymes: generation of antiinflammatory and antiproliferative metabolites. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):361S-6S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.1.361s. PMID: 10617998., V A Ziboh 1, C C Miller, Y Cho, 1Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. vaziboh@ucdavis.edu https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10617998/
105Healing fats of the skin: the structural and immunologic roles of the omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, PubMed, July-August, 2010, McCusker MM, Grant-Kels JM. Healing fats of the skin: the structural and immunologic roles of the omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Clin Dermatol. 2010 Jul-Aug;28(4):440-51. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.020. PMID: 20620762.Meagen M McCusker 1, Jane M Grant-Kels, Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC 6230, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20620762/
118Activation of Hair Cell Growth Factors by Linoleic Acid in Malva verticillata Seed, PubMed, April 7, 2021, Ryu HS, Jeong J, Lee CM, Lee KS, Lee JN, Park SM, Lee YM. Activation of Hair Cell Growth Factors by Linoleic Acid in Malva verticillata Seed. Molecules. 2021 Apr 7;26(8):2117. doi: 10.3390/molecules26082117. PMID: 33917070; PMCID: PMC8067726., Hwa Sun Ryu 1, JiYeon Jeong 1, Chun Mong Lee 2, Kwang Sik Lee 2, Jung-No Lee 1, Sung-Min Park 1, Yong-Moon Lee 3, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33917070/
119 Omega-3 Versus Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, PMC, February 2020, Balić A, Vlašić D, Žužul K, Marinović B, Bukvić Mokos Z. Omega-3 Versus Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 23;21(3):741. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030741. PMID: 31979308; PMCID: PMC7037798. Anamaria Balić,1 Domagoj Vlašić,2 Kristina Žužul,3 Branka Marinović,1 and Zrinka Bukvić Mokos1,*,1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 4, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; moc.liamg@airamanacivoj (A.B.); rh.bergaz-cbk@civoniram.aknarb (B.M.)2Department of Ophtalmology and Optometry, General Hospital Dubrovnik, Ulica dr. Roka Mišetića 2, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia; moc.oohay@cisalvjogamod3School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; moc.liamg@anitsirkluzuz,*Correspondence: moc.liamg@sokom.civkub.aknirz https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7037798/
122The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio: health implications,OCL – Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids, September 15 , 2010, Artemis P. Simopoulos, The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, 2001 S Street, NW, Suite 530, Washington DC 20009 USA, OCL,Volume 17, Number 5, Septembre-Octobre 2010, https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2010.0325,
123The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio: health implications,OCL – Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids, September 15 , 2010, Artemis P. Simopoulos, The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, 2001 S Street, NW, Suite 530, Washington DC 20009 USA, OCL,Volume 17, Number 5, Septembre-Octobre 2010, https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2010.0325,
138The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio: health implications,OCL – Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids, September 15 , 2010, Artemis P. Simopoulos, The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, 2001 S Street, NW, Suite 530, Washington DC 20009 USA, OCL,Volume 17, Number 5, Septembre-Octobre 2010, https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2010.0325,
146Oil content and fatty acid composition of eggs cooked in drying oven, microwave and pan, PMC,Jan 9. 2017 , Juhaimi FA, Uslu N, Özcan MM. Oil content and fatty acid composition of eggs cooked in drying oven, microwave and pan. J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Jan;54(1):93-97. doi: 10.1007/s13197-016-2439-x Epub 2017 Jan 9. PMID: 28242907; PMCID: PMC5305705. Fahad Al Juhaimi,1 Nurhan Uslu,2 and Mehmet Musa Özcan 2 , 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey
157Phenolic compounds kill the virus. See Can You Use Vinegar as a Disinfectant? Healthline, August 5, 2020 , Kirsten Nunez Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA https://www.healthline.com/health/is-vinegar-a-disinfectant#products Apple vinegar contains a more complex phenolic compound profile. Apart from gallic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, also catechin, syringic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid were observed. Fruit Antioxidants during Vinegar Processing: Changes in Content and in Vitro Bio-Accessibility, PMC, September 29, 2016, Bakir S, Toydemir G, Boyacioglu D, Beekwilder J, Capanoglu E. Fruit Antioxidants during Vinegar Processing: Changes in Content and in Vitro Bio-Accessibility. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Sep 29;17(10):1658. doi: 10.3390/ijms17101658. PMID: 27690020; PMCID: PMC5085691, Sena Bakir,1,2 Gamze Toydemir,3 Dilek Boyacioglu,1 Jules Beekwilder,4 and Esra Capanoglu1,*Maurizio Battino, Academic Editor,1Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey; moc.liamg@rikabanes (S.B.); rt.ude.uti@icayob (D.B.)
2Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Merkez, 53100 Rize, Turkey
3Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Okan University, Akfirat-Tuzla, 34959 Istanbul, Turkey; moc.liamg@ezmag.rimedyot
4Plant Research International, Wageningen UR, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; ln.ruw@redliwkeeb.seluj
161Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin,PMC, February 2, 2016, Hădărugă DI, Ünlüsayin M, Gruia AT, Birău Mitroi C, Rusu G, Hădărugă NG. Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin. Beilstein J Org Chem. 2016 Feb 2;12:179-91. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.12.20 PMID: 26977177 ; PMCID: PMC477852, Daniel I Hădărugă, 1,§ Mustafa Ünlüsayin,2 Alexandra T Gruia,3 Cristina Birău (Mitroi),4 Gerlinde Rusu,1 and Nicoleta G Hădărugă4 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Organic and Natural Compounds Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
2Department of Fish Processing Technology, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard, Campus Antalya, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
3Regional Centre for Immunology and Transplant, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Timişoara, Iosif Bulbuca Blvd. 10, 300736 Timişoara, Romania
4Department of Food Science, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Mihai I of Romania” – Timişoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
167Scientists believe omega-6s are pro-inflammatory, while omega-3s are anti-inflammatory ( 1 ). Of course, inflammation is essential for your survival. It helps protect your body from infection and injury, but it can also cause severe damage and contribute to disease when it’s chronic or excessive.How toOptimize Your Omega-6 to Omega-3 Ratio, Healthline, June 11, 2018 , Kris Gunnars, Bsc, https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/optimize-omega-6-omega-3-ratio
168EPA and DHA, were significantly degraded, even at 50 °C. Their relative concentrations decrease from 6.1% for EPA and 4.1% for DHA to 1.7% and 1.5% after degradation at 150 °C, respectively. Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin,PMC, February 2, 2016, Hădărugă DI, Ünlüsayin M, Gruia AT, Birău Mitroi C, Rusu G, Hădărugă NG. Thermal and oxidative stability of Atlantic salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) and complexation with β-cyclodextrin. Beilstein J Org Chem. 2016 Feb 2;12:179-91. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.12.20 PMID: 26977177 ; PMCID: PMC477852, Daniel I Hădărugă, 1,§ Mustafa Ünlüsayin,2 Alexandra T Gruia,3 Cristina Birău (Mitroi),4 Gerlinde Rusu,1 and Nicoleta G Hădărugă4 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Organic and Natural Compounds Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
2Department of Fish Processing Technology, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard, Campus Antalya, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
3Regional Centre for Immunology and Transplant, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Timişoara, Iosif Bulbuca Blvd. 10, 300736 Timişoara, Romania
4Department of Food Science, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Mihai I of Romania” – Timişoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
169Here it is explained what is meant with saturated, mono unsaturated, poly unsaturated, cis and trans fats, Dietary- and Trans Fats,Scentses4d, November 10, 2020, Anna Elize, https://scentses4d.wordpress.com/2020/11/10/dietary-and-trans-fats/ and Alpha-Linolenic-Acid, Mount Sinai, Health Library, Again the wrong definition of AlphaLinolenic Acid, as if it is an inefficient way of gettingOmega 3. it is not.It is the perfect way to getOmega 3. Most of it is used in the body as Omega-3-ALA in the celmembranes.
173[The essential fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3: from their discovery to their use in therapy], PubMed, April 6, 2008, Caramia G. Gli acidi grassi essenziali omega-3 ed omega-6: dalla loro scoperta alle prospettive terapeutiche [The essential fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3: from their discovery to their use in therapy]. Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Apr;60(2):219-33. Italian. PMID: 18449139, G Caramia,Dipartimento di Pediatria e Neonatologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Materno Infantile, G.Salesi, Ancona, Italia. caramiagm@libero.it
177No upper limit (UL) has been set for linoleic acid because of a lack of a defined intake establishing adverse affects (2). In epidemiologic studies, there is little evidence that suggests linoleic acid contributes to cardiovascular disease, cancer, or inflammation (where inverse correlations may exist). Linoleic Acid
193Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes. As in all eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed in a membrane. In protozoa other than ciliates, the nucleus is vesicular, with scattered chromatin giving a diffuse appearance to the nucleus, all nuclei in the individual organism appear alike, Chapter 77: Protozoa: Structure, Classification, Growth, and Development, Medical Microbiology. 4th edition.Robert G. Yaeger, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8325/
194Eukaryotic Cell: Eukaryotic cells are defined as cells containing organized nucleus and organelles which are enveloped by membrane-bound organelles. Examples of eukaryotic cells are plants, animals, protists, fungi. Their genetic material is organized in chromosomes. Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Nucleus are parts of Eukaryotic Cells. Toppr,https://www.toppr.com/guides/biology/cell-the-unit-of-life/eukaryotic-cell/
197Aliphatic Compound, ThoughtCo, Updated on September 30, 2019By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.,An aliphatic compoundis an organic compoundcontaining carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings. It is one of two broad classes of hydrocarbons, the other being aromatic compounds.https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-aliphatic-compound-604760#
202Aromatic Compounds: For a compound to be considered aromatic, it must be flat, cyclic, and conjugated and it must obey Huckel’s rule. Huckel’s rule states that an aromatic compound must have 4n+2 pi electrons in the overlapping p orbitals in order to be aromatic (n in this formula represents any integer). Only compounds with 2, 6, 10, 14, . . . pi electrons can be considered aromaticOrganic Chemistry : Identifying Aromatic Compounds, . Varsity Tutors,https://www.varsitytutors.com/organic_chemistry-help/identifying-aromatic-compounds
212Fatty Acids: From Membrane Ingredients to Signaling Molecules, Biochemistry and Health Benefits of Fatty Acids, November 5, 2018, Michio Hashimoto and Shahdat Hossain,Edited by Viduranga Waisundara ,https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/63324
225Lipid Raft: Lipid rafts are defined as cholesterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains and numerous studies have attempted the lipid characterization of caveolae and raft domains. From: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2010, ScienceDirect, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/lipid-raft
237Oxygen diffusion in biological and artificial membranes determined by the fluorochrome pyrene, PubMed, May 1975, Fischkoff S, Vanderkooi JM. Oxygen diffusion in biological and artificial membranes determined by the fluorochrome pyrene. J Gen Physiol. 1975 May;65(5):663-76. doi: 10.1085/jgp.65.5.663, PMID: 1176942; PMCID: PMC2214886, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1176942/
241Convection: process by which heat is transferred by movement of a heated fluid such as air or water.
Natural convection results from the tendency of most fluids to expand when heated—i.e., to become less dense and to rise as a result of the increased buoyancy. Circulation caused by this effect accounts for the uniform heating of water in a kettle or air in a heated room: the heated molecules expand the space they move in through increased speed against one another, rise, and then cool and come closer together again, with increase in density and a resultant sinking. Convection,Encyclopedia Britannica,https://www.britannica.com/science/convection.
242Diffusion: process resulting from random motion of molecules by which there is a net flow of matter from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. A familiar example is the perfume of a flower that quickly permeates the still air of a room. Heat conduction in fluids involves thermal energy transported, or diffused, from higher to lower temperature. Operation of a nuclear reactor involves the diffusion of neutrons through a medium that causes frequent scattering but only rare absorption of neutrons.Encyclopedia Britannica,https://www.britannica.com/science/diffusion
245Human cells can burst from osmosis Study.com,Science, Cell Biology, Human cells can burst due to the effects of osmosis. If a cell is placed into a solution with a lower solute concentration (hypotonic solution) than the cell, water will flow into the cell. Water will continue to flow until equilibrium is reached (when the concentration inside the cell is equal with the concentration outside the cell) or when the cell cannot take on any more water and bursts. https://study.com/academy/answer/why-don-t-human-cells-burst-from-osmosis.html
246Cytolysis, Cytolysis, also known as osmotic lysis, occurs when a cell bursts and releases its contents into the extracellular environment due to a great influx of water into the cell, far exceeding the capacity of the cell membrane to contain the extra volume. This is a concern particularly for cells that do not have a tough cell wall to resist internal water pressure,Biology Dictionary, Cytolysis Definition, Update April 28, 2017, https://biologydictionary.net/cytolysis/
248What happens if you drink too much water? MedicalNewsToday, Updated on May 14,2020, Written by Arlene Semeco, MS, RD, Medically reviewed by Adrienne Seitz, MS, RD, LDN, Nutrition, https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318619#dangers
How about getting around 100 scientifically proven anti covid nutrients in with just a simple breakfast, tea, a salad, nice snacks, and a simple dinner, while having a skin and oral care routine that protects your skin’s and your mouth’s healthy microbes?
Look here to see how it’s done!
A seven elements approach to preventing and healing Covid-19 naturally
The way you can use the collages to get all the nutrients in is either by starting with a recipe, and then checking the collages to see which are still missing and then add those, or you can pick one ingredient from each collage and make a recipe which includes all the ingredients.
Here I will show you how you can get all these ingredients in with a tasty breakfast, a delicious salad, some yummy snacks and a nice dinner, all surprisingly traditional, showing grandma knows best. What we knew intuitively for ages is now being proven scientifically: what feels best, is best!
But that’s not what we’ll start with. We’ll start with care, because, the skin is the largest organ, as well as our first line of defense against pathogens and taking good care of it without sabotaging it is an art in itself.
As a guideline imagine the cell, the building block of our bodies. Everything we do is to nourish these precious builders, that work so hard to keep us healthy. We think of them, and their helpers, our microbiome. Make them feel great and you will feel great!
We have 30 trillion cells2. That’s a 30 with 12 zeroes.
Just eating the right nutrients isn’t enough. We need to get those nutrients through the cell’s first line of defense, the cell membrane. A lipid bilayer.
The human body is very good at making all the lipids necessary for the lipid bilayer itself., save two, Alpha-Linolenic-Acid and Linoleic-Acid. We need to get those from diet. Structurally they take care of the fluidity of the cell membrane, and internally they are responsible for our complete immune system! Alpha-Linolenic-Acid or Omega-3-ALA takes care of the acquired immune system, and Linoleic-Acid, or Omega-6-LA takes care of the innate immune system!
Not only that, they are extremely good at giving our cell membranes the right fluidity to let other important nutrients in.
We have even more good bacteria than cells. Our bodies are home to an estimated 100 trillion “good” bacteria4, many of which reside in our gut, but we also have quite a few on our skin. The good bacteria do all sorts of wonderful things for us. They help us digest food, they make us vitamins, they attack pathogens, they remove waste.
The good bacteria are in constant battle with the bad ones. The bad bacteria basically feed on us. They harm cells, they damage organs, they cause disease. When the good bacteria win, our gut and skin are healthy and we feel good. When they lose, we get ill.
We call good bacteria probiotics, we call bad bacteria pathogens.
Image: Good bacteria win, healthy gut. Bad bacteria win, unhealthy gut5
Image: Gut Bacteria, The Good, The Opportunistic and The Pathogenic6
Scientists have identified at least 1,000 different species of bacteria living within our digestive tract, primarily the colon. However, studying how these species individually and collectively affect our overall health is difficult because the majority of species cannot be cultured with standard methods in the lab.7
Research shows that gut microorganisms benefit us by producing vitamins, preventing the growth of harmful bacteria, training the immune system, and fermenting unused food (energy substrates). When the microorganisms within the microbiota live in relative balance, this state is called normobiosis. However, when this balance is upset, because one or more microorganisms has grown out of proportion to the other species, this results in a state of gut dysbiosis.8
So here are 7 elements, which each have the purpose of either getting cell membrane fluidity optimal, providing nutrients and helping the microbiome, starting with the skin.
Element 1 is the microbiome in the gut and on the skin, element 2 is the omega’s through healthy fats, element 3 is targeted response to Covid when you have symptoms, element4 the Herb Rotation Schedule, element 5 Additional nutrients (Vitamins, minerals, aminoacids, polyphenols etc) element 6. happiness proteins , element 7.timing and combining and 8. the Dandhea checklist
Acronym to remember the elements: mothahat (mother hat)
You’ll find a short description what every nutrient does. For the longer version, the history, the molecular formula’s, see the corresponding chapter to each nutrient in chapter 7.1-7.c.
The dandhea checklist in 7.7.d.7.d. is to make sure you got all the nutrients in. Give yourself a dandelion for each one you have covered!
d.1.Microbiome (s.v.=short version)
Care (s.v.=short version)
Why start with care?
Because the wrong mouthwash can sabotage the mouth’s microbiome and cause colon cancer, as we learned in chapter 5 on sulfur, and the skin is important in immune function as well., as we learned in chapter 7.1, so rather than spreading the care tips over the chapter its more practical to have them all together. Besides, ordinary care products are usually laden with toxins12, so you are doing your health a great favor by cutting toxins in care products out and replacing them with healthy products. Here’s how:
toxin free: e4dc shower routine13, hand washing with vinegar and essential oils14, oils and herbs tooth paste and mouth wash15.
E4dc shower routine (s.v.)
Your skin is your biggest organ and you need it to produce vitamin D from UV light, preferably from the sun. This toxin free shower routine replaces all the toxins that are usually in shower products with healthy products that make your skin and hair healthy, make sun blocks unnecessary, prevent hair loss from sodium lauryl sulfate and prevent all the other nasty, cancer causing effects many ingredients in the usual commercial care products have.
Step 1
Have a nail brush in the shower in a small bowl with of aluminum free cleaning soda and water, and clean your nails with it.
Step 1a. Once a week you can use the same soda water mixture to wash your hair.
Rinse well and pay attention that it does not come into your eyes!
Step 2: Fill a soap dispenser with plain white vinegar and a pinch of Ashwagandha powder. Wash your hair and skin with that. This is a good time to also comb your hair, because the vinegar makes it soft and easy to comb. Have a small cup in the shower you can use as a garbage can.
Step 3: Have a jar with lemon peels in filtered water in the shower. They stay fresh very long that way. Use 1/8th of a lemon peel and use that to wash your skin and hair with that. When you are finished with that you can chew it for oral health, and even eat it for all its health effects, the polyphenols and the hesperidin, or you can make lemon vinegar from them by collecting them in a jar of white vinegar and straining the peels out when it is full.
Step 4:To replace soap and shampoo in the shower, a tablespoon of lavender flowers in an old sock, for example, is sufficient or just a washcloth. Put a knot at the top to prevent the flowers from spilling out. And no, lavender is not feminizing. Any alpha estrogen receptor binding phyto estrogen is neutralized by a good gut biome, and turned into beneficial nutrients.
Of course you can also choose to use another herb that is good for your skin if that is easier to come by in your area, like rosemary.
Chamomile flowers are also possible, but you have to refresh those sooner because they lose their freshness sooner than lavender does.
Use a strainer if you want to rinse and wash the sock to avoid making a mess with the flowers.
This is good step to combine with any shaving routines you might have.
After drying yourself, follow this up with brushing your teeth with the Oil & Herbs Toothpaste and moisturizing your skin with the Mariëtte oil.16
The claims that lavender would be endocrine disruptive 18 were based on a sloppy study with a small sample size of only 3, using a mixed oil and have been definitvely been debunked by several studies19, 2 of which in 2022 proving once and for all that lavender,which only has an estrogen count of 1000 picograms per milliliter (pg/ml) compared to soy, which has 100.000 pg/ml A picogram is one-trillionth of a gram..20 And while flax has a phyto estrogen count of 100.000 pg/ml, it is not an endocrine disrupter either, because it binds to the beta estrogen receptor, which is good, while soy binds to the alpha estrogen receptor, which is bad. Lavender and flax clean up disruptive phyto estrogens, so they actually prevent endocrine disruption! Links to the studies mentioned can be found in chapter 8.2.3.
Washing hands without harming the skin’s microbiome
Put a few pinches of Ashwagandha powder in vinegar, put that in a soap dispenser, and put some lavender oil in a vaporizer, say 7 drops in 15 ml of filtered water. Use the vinegar and Ashwagandha to wash your hands and spray on the lavender afterwards. This kills pathogens without harming your skins microbiome.
Vinegar and Lavender1 for washing hands in a way that kills pathogens while respecting the skin’s microbiome.
Oils &Herbs toothpaste and Mineral Mouthwash
Recipe:
Use 1 tablespoon of each of these herbs and grind them to a powder in a mortar and pestle
German Chamomile flowers
Caraway seed
Turmeric
Black Pepper
Plantago
Dried nettle
Sage
Peppermint leaf
Oregano
Parsley
Cacao
Mix that in a bowl with a table spoon of
non deodorized organic coconut oil,
organic extra virgin olive oil and
organic extra virgin sesame oil-
If necessary add more coconut oil until you have a nice paste,
Put that in a jar
After flossing and picking your teeth, cleaning your tongue and rinsing your mouth, put a pea sized measure on a toothbrush and brush for two minutes.
Then without rinsing, add a sip of mouthwash.
Mineral Mouthwash recipe
-one teaspoon of diatomaceous earth: (3 percent magnesium, 5 percent sodium, 2 percent iron, 19 percent calcium and 33 percent silicon, along with several other trace minerals.)
-one teaspoon of healing earth
-a table spoon of Himalayan salt
-a capsule of activated charcoal
-a teaspoon of tumeric
-a teaspoon of black pepper
-a tea spoon of echinicea powder
-fill the jar half way with water.
-then add sesame oil
-a table spoon of olive oil
-a drop of peppermint essential oil
-a drop of clove essential oil
Put the lid on the jar and shake well.
Then fill the jar with the filtered water.
Keep rinsing while you get dressed for the day or change clothes for bedtime.
Then spit out in a jar which you empty in the compost each day, since the oils can’t be spit out in the sink, it will clog the drain.
Make sure not swallow it, since that can cause calcium toxicity, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmia and arteriosclerosis!
Then rinse your mouth and teeth thoroughly with a water pick, making sure none of the minerals remain in the mouth, since that is too abrasive.
As a moisturizer you can use a mixture of essential oils of about seven drops of Chamomile, Neroli and Jasmine in about 240 ml of base oils of calendula, sweet almond oil, grape seed oil, jojoba oil, evening primrose oil (excellent to prevent menopausal or menstrual problems) and Macadamia oil.7
Herb rotation Deodorant
The bacteria which cause body odor also remain resistant for five days to a herb that has been used, so in fact 5 would be enough to rotate between. The same rotation schedule as has been used for the teas and for the herbs for the foods can thus also be used as deodorant.
As a deodorant you can rotate the following oils. Just put some drops of the essential oil in a spray bottle with filtered water: All Spice on Sunday, Vetiver on Monday, Lemongrass on Tuesday, Wintergreen on Wednesday, Rose or Jasmine on Thursday, Sandalwood or Frankincense on Friday and Vanilla, Grapefruit or May Chang on Saturday.
You will need to reapply regularly to stay fresh.
For a deodorant that will keep you odorless all day mix1 teaspoon of tartaric acid baking powder 1/,4 cup organic coconut flour, ¼ cup cold pressed coconut oil, 7 drops of organic tea tree oil and 7 drops of organic chamomile essential oil.
I like to use this as a base, and then combine it with a different essential oil every day:
To keep it from getting to hard in wintertime, you can add some Mariëtte oil
Sesame Sunscreen
As a sunscreen you can use organic, cold pressed sesame oil with a few drops of geranium oil Although my experience is that when you stop using toxic products, you don’t need sun screen anymore.
Dandhea anti covid foods
Here’s how you can get all these nutrients in in one day with a simple breakfast, tea, a salad, snacks, dinner, desert and some time in the sun!
I mentioned the breakfast that has the right balance of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA.
Let’s say you are aiming for the heart healthy 1:4 Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance, with 2 grams of Omega-3-ALA and
Chapter 7.3 of Dandhea Book I shows you different ways to achieve this, for example, with 3,5 tablespoons of walnuts, or with a table spoon of flax seeds for the Omega-3-ALA and 4 tablespoons of sunflower seeds of sunflower seeds for the Omega-6-LA.
For this breakfast we’ll go with the flax seeds and the sunflower seeds.
Then as a probiotic Kefir which also has K2
Then oatmeal for the zinc.
Some Aloe Vera gel.
And some seasonal fruit for the vitamins. Let’s say apples.
That’ s a simple breakfast that takes care of the Omega-3-ALA, Omega-6-LA needs. The RDA of Omega-3-ALA is between 1 and 5 grams.
Dandhea Salad
Dandelion greens22, Grape leaf, Rose of Sharon leaf, Sauerkraut, Seaweed.
Dressing:Olive oil, Yogurt, Salt, Pepper, Apple Cider Vinegar,
For the salad you can use which ever edible, healthy greens are easily forageble in your surroundings. Of course you will then need to see which nutrients they have in order to see which ones you have to get in another way. And make sure theyhaven’t been treated with pesticides and wash them well of course
A 12 minute walk when the sun’s height is 55 degrees, which means your shadow is a little shorter than you are. The UV for D sun chart helps you calculate exactly how long you need to stay in the sun to get the correct RDA of Vitamin D based on the sun’s height, how cloudy it is, your altitude and your surroundings.
Here’s a shortened list of the 7 elements to see which nutrients we have covered with this:
d.1.Microbiome (s.v.=short version)
d.1.Probiotics231.for the gut and 2. respecting the skin’s microbiome (s.v.)
As the earth is a planet to us, our bodies are planets to microbes, beneficial ones and harmful ones. Our bodies are home to an estimated 100 trillion “good” bacteria, many of which reside in our gut. Not only do we live in harmony with these beneficial bacteria, but they are actually essential to our survival.
And since we like our bacteria to be beneficial, we need to be beneficial to earth’s macrobiome so here you find tips for that as well,
d.1.1. Probiotics for the gut(s.v.)
Good bacteria help our bodies digest food and absorb nutrients, and they produce several vitamins in the intestinal tract — including Vitamin K2, provided you eat enough Vitamin K1. Vitamin K2 is crucial for bone health and heart health. Good bacteria also help us the digest the excess phyto estrogens in essential nutrients from plants. Without a healthy microbiome in the gut, essential nutrients become toxic to us!
When helpful bacteria multiply and thrive in our bodies, they act as our protectors. They also protect us against Covid 19.24
There are many ways we put the population of beneficial bacteria at risk. For example, when we take antibiotics to treat an infection of harmful bacteria, we also kill helpful bacteria, and that leads to fatal diseases.
Officially, he knowledge. that certain types of bacteria can improve our health has been around since the early 20th century, when Nobel prize-winning Russian biologist Elie Metchnikoff proved that eating bacteria similar to those living in the body has many health benefits. Such products are called Probiotics . They have been a part of healthy diets for thousands of years.
Kefir
A number of the 70 probiotic bacteria 25 found in kefir products include: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens, Lactococcus lactis,26Lactobacillus Lactis!27and Leuconostoc species28
d.1.1.a. Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the most commonly used probiotics. It’s found in yogurt and fermented soy products such as miso and tempeh. Lactobacillus acidophilus has been used (in suppository form) to treat bacterial infections of the vagina. It can be taken to prevent and treat diarrhea, including traveler’s diarrhea in adults and diarrhea caused by rota virus in children29.
Other uses for Lactobacillus include:
preventing diarrhea caused by antibiotics and infection
preventing colic (inconsolable crying) in babies
preventing lung infections in young children
preventing diarrhea in adults who are in the hospital or receiving chemotherapy treatment for cancer
treating bowel conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and ulcerative colitis30
d.1.1.b. Bifidobacteria
Bifidobacteria make up most of the “good” bacteria living in the gut. These bacteria begin colonizing the gastrointestinal system almost immediately after we’re born.
Bifidobacteria come in about 30 different strains, including:
Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacteria bifidum may help protect against unhealthy bacteria. Research31 suggests they also can relieve IBS symptoms. When combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacteria bifidum might help prevent eczema32in newborns.
Bifidobacteria infantis are thought to help relieve the symptoms of IBS, such as abdominal pain, gas, and bloating
Bifidobacteria lactis has been reported to improve cholesterol levels in women and in people with type 2 diabetes33.
Streptococcus thermophilus produces the enzyme lactase, which the body needs to digest the sugar in milk and other dairy products. Some studies suggest Streptococcus thermophilus can help prevent lactose intolerance35.
d.1.1.d.Lactobacillus delbrueckii (s.v.)
Studies show Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus36, favors the maintenance of an adequate immune response, mainly by slowing the aging of the T cell subpopulations and increasing the number of immature T cells which are potential responders to new antigens37.
d.1.1.e. Lactobacillus-helveticus
Studies show Lactobacillus-helveticus38 has many health benefits.
Studies in humans show Lactobacillus helveticus promotes overall gut health
This study 39found that consumption of L.helveticus promoted the production of butyrate, which helps with gut balance and stability40.
Lactobacillus-helveticus
Lactobacillus helveticus decreases blood pressure
A study41 of 40 participants with high to normal blood pressure found the daily consumption of L.helveticus reduced blood pressure without any adverse effects.
Lactobacillus helveticus improves anxiety and depression
Preliminary results have shown that L.helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum, taken in combination, can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression42.
Improves sleep
One study43showed consumption of fermented milk with L.helveticus improved sleep in patients aged 60–81 years.
Shortens the length of upper respiratory tract illnesses
This study44which had 39 elite athlete participants, found L. helveticus reduced the length of upper respiratory tract illnesses.
Increases calcium levels
In a study 45done in 2016, a group of participants between the ages of 64 and 74 ate yogurt with L. helveticus probiotic every morning. The study found serum calcium levels increased in those who ate the yogurt.
Has a positive effect on calcium metabolism
A study 46of postmenopausal women between the ages of 50 and 78 found that there was a positive effect on calcium metabolism in women who were given milk with L. helveticus. It also found that it decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is associated with bone loss.
Treats gut infections
A study published in Frontiers in Microbiology 47suggests that L. helveticus might help treat infections in your gut.
Studies in mice
Learning and memory(s.v.)
When mice were given 48Calpis sour milk whey, an L. helveticus-fermented milk product, the mice showed improvement in learning and recognition tests.
Arthritis
In one study49, researchers found L. helveticus decreased the production of splenocytes in mice, which can improve the symptoms associated with arthritis.
Dermatitis
In other study50mice were given L. helveticus-fermented milk whey orally. Researchers found it may be effective in preventing the onset of dermatitis.
Fungal growth
Another study 51found that L. helveticus suppressed vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice.
Breast tumors
In a fourth study 52mice that were fed L. helveticus-fermented milk showed decreased growth rates of mammary tumors.
Infection
In this study53, researchers found milk fermented by L. helveticus given to mice offered improved protection against salmonella infection.
Studies in vitro
Cancer
There have been a few in vitro studies that looked at the cancer-fighting potential of L. helveticus. This study 54found that L. helveticus inhibited the production of human colon cancer cells. Two different55studies 56found L helveticus subdued the production of human colon cancer cells. This study 57found L. helveticus inhibited the production of liver cancer cells, specifically HepG-2, BGC-823, and HT-29 cancer cells.
Inflammation
In a study58, researchers looked at the ability of L. helveticus to modify or regulate immune functions in vitro. Their results indicated it could be useful in the development of products used to prevent or treat inflammation-associated diseases.
d.1.1.f. Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens(s.v.)
Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens: L. kefiranofaciens, can be involved in mechanisms affecting intestinal health, immunomodulation, control of blood lipid levels, hypertension, antimicrobial action, and protection against diabetes and tumors59.
As is the case with virtually all bacteria and yeast, probiotic cultures cannot live above 120 °F, or 48,8 degrees Celsius.66So eat them for breakfast in a muesli or in salads without heating them if you want them to retain their probiotic activity. For recipe’s see 7.7.d.7.d
d.1.2.2. Removing pathogens from skin without damaging the skin’s microbiome (s.v.)
The skin is the primary defense against pathogens. Healthy skin has twice the number of T-cells that blood has.
The best way to wash hands and the rest of your skin without damage (s.v.)
As the largest organ of the human body, skin is colonized by beneficial microorganisms and serves as a physical barrier to prevent the invasion of pathogens 68.
In circumstances where the barrier is broken or when the balance between commensals and pathogens is disturbed, skin disease or even systemic disease can result 70.
Alcohol, bleach and chemical disinfectants are not the solution, since they harm the skin, poison the body and break down the natural immunity the skin has.
As for soap: aside from the toxic ingredients it usually has, normal soap doesn’t even take off bacteria after 4 minutes of washing.
d.1.2. c. Study shows Soap and water are ineffective, and sometimes even counter productive ways of cleaning hands (s.v.)
It’s possible for soap to be crawling with bacteria If you’re storing your soap improperly, such as leaving it in a wet puddle on the edge of your sink, it gives bacteria a fertile place to multiply. When you use it, you basically wind up transferring germs from the soap directly to your hands.
In a thorough study of soap contamination, one team of U.S. researchers found that even among test subjects with great hand washing technique — more on that in a minute — soap that was already contaminated wound up increasing the number of bacteria on the subjects’ hands after washing.
The scientists tested three types of soap dispenser, in both lab and real-world settings.
Of the three variants, the dispensers that were refillable from a giant bottle of liquid soap were by far the filthiest, leading to a 26-fold increase in hand washers’ bacteria levels.
Modular dispensers that relied on sealed refills stayed clean even after a year of use.
In short, both the nature of the dispenser as well as the cleanliness of the soap itself can have a major impact on how clean your hands are after washing.
How helpful for disinfecting hands is antibacterial soap, anyway?
In a head-to-head test of antibacterial and regular soap, antibacterial soap has an inherent advantage.
One study has shown that a 15-second hand washing session with regular soap successfully reduced E. coli by 1.72 log10, compared to 2.90 log10 for antibacterial soap.
But after doubling the time spent washing, the amount of bacteria removed skyrocketed (for antibacterial soap, the figure was 3.33 log10).
Increasing the volume of soap used seemed to help in the case of antibacterial soap, but there seemed to be a ceiling for regular soap beyond which more time and more soap did virtually nothing.
Why?
The level of bacterial reduction caused by nonantimicrobial soap is due to its surfactants, which physically remove bacteria. Once maximum removal is achieved, soap amount and wash time do not improve surfactancy. Antimicrobial soap provides both surfactancy and biocidal modes of action.
In other words, regular soap simply causes bacteria to loosen their grip on your hands, to be rinsed away. That helps explain why using water alone still seems to work just fine, as long as you rub your hands together vigorously. By contrast, antibacterial soap has additives that are designed to kill bacteria outright.
Sample images from a controlled study (Table 2) to determine the number of bacteria from contaminated hands transferred to an agar surface before (A and C) and after (B and D) hand washing with soap containing 4.51 log10 CFU/ml (A and B) or 7.51 log10 CFU/ml (C and D) of S. marcescens.
Recovery and transfer of bacteria from hands after washing with contaminated liquid soap in an elementary school.
An elementary school was identified in which all (14/14) of the bulk-soap-refillable dispensers being used in the restrooms were found to be contaminated with bacteria at levels ranging from 6.0 to 7.0 log10 CFU/ml of soap.
A variety of Gram-negative species from the Citrobacter, Providencia, Pseudomonas, and Serratia genera were identified among the recovered contaminants. 94.1
Image: Bacterial Hand Contamination and Transfer after Use of Contaminated Bulk-Soap-Refillable Dispensers.
Vinegar and essential oils on the other hand kill pathogenic viruses, bacteria and fungi instantly, without harming the skin flora and the natural oils on our skin, another brilliant way our immune system protects us.
So a soap dispenser with vinegar by the sink which you can use as soap, rinse, and then rub some essential oil on and rinse again.
The battle between beneficial microbes and pathogens isn’t only going on in our guts. It’s also going on on our skin and in our surroundings. So when we are cleaning ourselves, we want smart disinfectants, that, like our immune system, kill pathogens without harming beneficial microbes.71
Anti bacterial soap, achieves the opposite of what it claims.72 Instead of ridding the body from bacteria, it aids in creating a super resistant bacteria. The reason is that aside from destroying the natural oils on the skin and the skin flora the soap just kills weak pathogens and aids in creating super strong strains.73
The investigators evaluated IAV (influenza A Virus) inactivation in antiseptic hand rubbing (AHR) with EBDs (Ethanol Based Disinfectants) and antiseptic hand washing (AHW) methods among the mucus that adhered to the hands and fingers of 10 volunteers. While IAV in saline was completely inactivated by AHR using EBD after 30 seconds, IAV in all mucus samples remained active even after AHR for a full 2 minutes. It was not completely inactivated by AHR until 4 minutes of hand rubbing with EBDs, the investigators found.
And if you scrub your hands with a hand sanetizer like Purell for 4 minutes, your skin will be damaged, your immune system weakened with all sorts of hormone disrupters and cancer causing agents.74
Consumer Report says: “As with previous studies, the new research found that using hand sanitizer can remove the flu virus, but it took far longer than hand-washing did. One of the main reasons, the researchers found, is that the mucus from the mouth and nose—which contains the flu virus if you’re infected—makes it difficult for the alcohol in hand sanitizers to penetrate.”
“Use hand sanitizer (with at least 60 percent alcohol) only if a sink isn’t available. But keep in mind that while hand sanitizers have some effect on cold and flu viruses, they don’t eliminate all types of germs from hands. For instance, they don’t killClostridium difficile, a “superbug” that causes severe diarrhea that can occur as a side effect of antibiotics. Hand sanitizers also don’t do a good job of cleaning visibly dirty hands.”75
And studies have shown that antibacterial products don’t kill viruses, which cause some of the most common illnesses, such as colds and the flu.
d.1.2.d.Vinegar disinfects better than alcohol without harming the skin’s microbiome.(s.v.)
Vinegar , on the other hand, is very disinfecting, even better than alcohol and it softens your hands instead of drying them out. like soap does, and it kills pathogens without harming the beneficial microbes, or the natural oils on the skin.76
The following article is from ABC Health & Wellbeing
By Anna Evangeli and Amy Thanh Ai Tong, Updated 18 January 2018 at 8:14 am, First posted 11 January 2018 at 8:10 pm
Does vinegar really kill household germs?
“It’s certainly inexpensive, non-toxic and biodegradable and has been used as a common disinfectant for thousands of years.
But especially if you want to clean your kitchen or your bathroom, you might be wondering about household germs. Does vinegar really kill them?
It seems the answer is a qualified “yes”.
How does it work?
Vinegar, be it white or malt or rosemary-infused, is about 5 per cent acetic acid. The acid kills bacteria and viruses, by chemically changing the proteins and fats that make up these nasties and destroying their cell structures.
Does vinegar kill germs?
Yes. Acetic acid (a.k.a. white vinegar) is a great disinfectant. It also acts as a deodorizer and cuts grease.
You can tackle salmonella, E. coli and other “gram-negative” bacteria with vinegar. Gram-negative bacteria can cause pneumonia, meningitis and bloodstream, wound or surgical site infections.
How does it work?
The acid in vinegar crosses the bacteria’s cell membrane, prompting a release of protons, which causes the cell to die.
White vinegar found on most store shelves is a five per cent concentration of acetic acid. It kills about 80 per cent of germs. Look for stronger concentrations at eco-friendly stores that have refill stations.
Use full strength for tough cleaning jobs or dilute 50:50 with water.
Five ways to clean with vinegar
Fill your dishwasher rinse agent dispenser with white vinegar.
Soak sweat-stained white clothing in about 70 milliliters of white vinegar and enough water to cover the stain. Leave overnight. Wash with eco-friendly laundry soap.
Soak rusty tools in a pail of white vinegar and brush to clean.
To deodorize your toilet, pour 125 milliliters of white vinegar into the bowl. Let sit 15 minutes. Flush. (We use boiled vinegar, leave it in for a few hours, and then flush with soda to make it pH neutral)
To remove hard water deposits on your tub/glass shower doors, heat 250 milliliters of white vinegar in a pot. Spray onto surface. Let sit 15 minutes and wipe clean77.
We have soap dispensers filled with vinegar at all sinks. Ordinary white vinegar, which you can also put on your salad.
d.1.2. e. Studies show Essential Oils kill pathogens without harming the skin’s microbiome.(s.v.)
We also have small bottles of lavender78 essential oil79 at all sinks. To still have a nice scent, you can rub a drop of it in your hands after washing your hands with vinegar. Not just for the wonderful fragrance, but also because of the anti viral, anti microbial and anti-fungal properties of many essential oils.80
These are studies on the anti viral activity of essential oil mentioned Dr John Bergman’s talk om the Corona Virus:
Comparative Study
Physiotherapy Res
.2010 May;24(5):673-9.
doi: 10.1002/ptr.2955.
Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils
Akram Astani Jürgen Reichling, Paul Schnitzler
This study from 2010 says:
Essential oils are complex natural mixtures, their main constituents, e.g. terpenes and phenylpropanoids, being responsible for their biological properties. Essential oils from eucalyptus, tea tree and thyme and their major monoterpene compounds alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-pinene, p-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpineol, thymol, citral and 1,8-cineole were examined for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro. These essential oils were able to reduce viral infectivity by >96%, the monoterpenes inhibited HSV by about >80%. The mode of antiviral action has been determined, only moderate antiviral effects were revealed by essential oils and monoterpenes when these drugs were added to host cells prior to infection or after entry of HSV into cells. However, both essential oils and monoterpenes exhibited high anti-HSV-1 activity by direct inactivation of free virus particles. All tested drugs interacted in a dose-dependent manner with herpesvirus particles thereby inactivating viral infection. Among the analysed compounds, monoterpene hydrocarbons were slightly superior to monoterpene alcohols in their antiviral activity, alpha-pinene and alpha-terpineol revealed the highest selectivity index. However, mixtures of different monoterpenes present in natural tea tree essential oil revealed a ten-fold higher selectivity index and a lower toxicity than its isolated single monoterpenes. 81
A study from March 2021 says:
“Essential oils and oleoresins have been shown through in vitro and in vivo experiments to induce antiviral effects against Coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. A study reported 221 phytochemical compounds and essential oils to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) using a cell-based assay measuring SARS-CoV-induced cytopathogenic effect on Vero E6 cells. The main mechanism of antiviral effects of essential oils has been found to cause capsid disintegration and viral expansion which prevents the virus to infect host cells by adsorption via the capsid. Essential oils also inhibit hemagglutinin (an important membrane protein of various viruses) of certain viruses; this membrane protein allows the virus to enter the host cell. Many essential oils and their components could inhibit the late stages of viral life cycle by targeting the redox signaling pathway. Essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, cymbopogon citratus and Rosmarinus officinalis have been found to destabilize the Tat/TAR-RNA complex of HIV-1 virus, this complex being essential for HIV-1 replication. Being lipophilic in nature, essential oils can penetrate viral membranes easily leading to membrane disintegration”. 82
d.1.2.f. chamomile and other strong anti viral essential oils (s.v.)
Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils.
“Essential oils are complex natural mixtures, their main constituents, e.g. terpenes and phenylpropanoids, being responsible for their biological properties. Essential oils from eucalyptus, tea tree and thyme and their major monoterpene compounds alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-pinene, p-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpineol, thymol, citral and 1,8-cineole were examined for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro. 84
These essential oils were able to reduce viral infectivity by >96%, the monoterpenes inhibited HSV by about >80%. The mode of antiviral action has been determined, only moderate antiviral effects were revealed by essential oils and monoterpenes when these drugs were added to host cells prior to infection or after entry of HSV into cells. However, both essential oils and monoterpenes exhibited high anti-HSV-1 activity by direct inactivation of free virus particles. All tested drugs interacted in a dose-dependent manner with herpesvirus particles thereby inactivating viral infection. Among the analysed compounds, monoterpene hydrocarbons were slightly superior to monoterpene alcohols in their antiviral activity, alpha-pinene and alpha-terpineol revealed the highest selectivity index. However, mixtures of different monoterpenes present in natural tea tree essential oil revealed a ten-fold higher selectivity index and a lower toxicity than its isolated single monoterpenes.”85
These are the strongest anti viral essential oils:
Now anti viral does not mean you can use it straight on your skin, like Lavender86 and Eucalyptus globulus. Often you have to dilute them in a carrier oil like sweet almond oil or grapeseed oil, Some of these oils are are irritating for the skin no matter how much you dilute them so be very careful. Research before you use them. I will put an x after the irritating ones that you need to dilute and a double xx if they stay irritating, even if you dilute them. Those might be better to use as spices in tea rather than as essential oils:
Roman chamomile Cinnamon Bark xx Cinnamon Leaf xx Clove Bud xx Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus radiata Helichrysum italicuum Hyssop decumbens Laurel Lavender Lemon Lime, Steam-Distilled Manuka Myrrh Niaouli Oregano xx Palma Rosa Patchouli Pepper, Black xx Peppermint x Ravensara (said by some to be effective against mononucleosis, herpes, shingles, flu, etc.) Sage, Dalmation Sandalwood Tea Tree Thuja (Cedarleaf) Thymes (I recommend Linalool) x True Melissa (against the herpes virus)
d.1.2.g. Ramisse herbs (s.v.)
Another way to use the irritating oils anyway is just by putting the herb rather than the essential oil in vinegar, as is done with the ramisse herbs, described in chapter 7.4.b.
d.1.2.h. Washing hands without harming the skin’s microbiome (sv.)
Put a few pinches of Ashwagandha powder in vinegar, put that in a soap dispenser, and put some lavender oil in a vaporizer, say 7 drops in 15 ml of filtered water. Use the vinegar and Ashwagandha to wash your hands and spray on the lavender afterwards. This kills pathogens without harming your skins microbiome.
To make a very powerful antiseptic and nice smelling anti septic hand wash, put some rose oil and Ashwagandha in vinegar.
For clean nails, dissolve some sodium bi carbonate in water and use that with a nail brush, for example each day in the shower, but you can also keep it by the sink.88
For more tips on how to keep the corona virus at bay naturally, see:
Presuns for beating Corona virus Covid-19 2019-nCoV naturally
Image: Vinegar and Lavender89 for washing hands in a way that kills pathogens while respecting the skin’s microbiome. Vinegar, Ashwagandha and lavender
See also the e4dc shower routine90 and oil & herbs toothpaste and minerals mouthwash.91 and the . Anti cold oil, under 7.3..
Prebiotics are types of fiber that feed the friendly bacteria in the digestive system93.
Although all prebiotics are fiber, not all fiber is prebiotic. Classification of a food ingredient as a prebiotic requires scientific demonstration that the ingredient:
Resists gastric acidity, hydrolysis by mammalian enzymes, and absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract;
Is fermented by the intestinal microflora;
Selectively stimulates the growth and/or activity of intestinal bacteria potentially associated with health and well-being. 94
An important mechanism of action for dietary fiber and prebiotics is fermentation in the colon and changes in gut microflora. The human large intestine is one of the most diversely colonized and metabolically active organs in the human body.. Up to 1000 different species of bacteria reside in the colon with microbial populations comprising approximately 1011–1012 cfu/g of contents. 95
The colonic environment is favorable for bacterial growth due to its slow transit time, readily available nutrients, and favorable pH. 96
Generally, bacteria having an almost exclusive saccharolytic metabolism (i.e., no proteolytic activity) can be considered potentially beneficial. 97
Mapping the diversity of and interactions among the human intestinal microflora has led to the initiation of the Human Gut Microbiome Initiative (HGMI), an effort to identify this bacterial ecosystem.98
Together with the gut immune system, colonic and mucosal microflora contributes significantly to the barrier that prevents pathogenic bacteria from invading the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 99
The intestinal flora salvages energy through fermentation of carbohydrates not digested in the upper gut. 100
The main substrates are endogenous (e.g., mucus) and dietary carbohydrates that escape digestion in the upper GI tract. These include resistant starch, non-starch polysaccharides (e.g., celluloses, hemicelluloses, pectins, and gums), non-digestible oligosaccharides, and sugar alcohols. 101
The main fermentation pathway generates pyruvate from hexoses in the undigested carbohydrate. Colonic bacteria use a range of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes to produce hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, SCFAs (mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate), and lactate. 102
Certain colonic bacteria generate energy from these fermentation products. Dietary components that stimulate fermentation lead to an increase in bacterial mass and consequently fecal mass and, thus have a stool bulking effect. It is estimated that about 30 g of bacteria are produced for every 100 g of carbohydrate that is fermented.103
Lemon peel104 is an excellent Prebiotic to combat Covid-19, with added benefit of having hesperidin105.
Clean thoroughly though, also to make sure there are no pesticides on there.106
Image: Healthy fats110: extra virgin organic olive oil. (s.v.)
These make the least transfats when heated. Transfats are like covering your cells with plastic. You want to avoid them whenever you can. See also Vegetable oils, which are healthy, which are not.111
d.2.2Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA (s.v.)
Budwig and Revici healed cancer with Omega-3-ALA and Sulfur, and the Bristol study112 found Omega-6-LA deactivated SARS-CoV-2.
The cells of each organ have their own Omega-3-ALA, Omega-6-LA balance. Professor Artemis Simopoulos discovered that if you take Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA in the same balance for the organ you want to target, that heals cancer in that organ, while eating it in a different balance has the opposite effect. Brian Peskin maintains that we need so much Omega-6-ALA that you can never get to much.
A way you can combine these findings is to eat The first meal of the day. The rest of the day, eat as much Omega-6-LA as you like, because the body needs much of it uses excess for stronger nails and hair.
Find the best Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA sources below.
The maximum dose of Omega-3-ALA is set at 5 grams a day, the minimum dose at 1 gram a day, but that is using inferior sources, so I don’t know what the numbers would be if they just used corrects sources, but to be safe the dose in the collages is set at 2 grams.
No fish or meat, since they have no parent Omega’s, just the derivatives at best, and often not even those, because they degrade very quickly, even at temperatures as low as 50 degrees Celsius, so what may potentially be in there is lost with preparation.118
d.3.Targeted Response(s.v.)
d.3.1.Essential oils with Antioxidants that fight SARS-CoV -2, like a.eucalyptus essential oil and b. mentha arvensis (s.v.)
Now your cell membranes are ready to let nutrients pass through, you can start with the substances that fight Covid. Eucalyptus essential oil is especially helpful. Rub that on your throat as soon as you feel the first symptoms. They’ll usually disappear within 15 minutes. And spray some Mentha Arvensis on your mask if one is required. It helps you breath easier and kills pathogens, also SARS’-CoV-2.
You can also in include these as teas in the Herb Rotation Schedule:
d.3.1.c. Cinnamon121, Citrus bergamia, Cymbopogon flexuosus, and Thymus vulgaris (s.v.)
See 4., the Herb Rotation Schedule.
d.3.1.d. Dandhea Cough Syrup (s.v.)
see 7.3.d. and 7.7.a. Use when you have symptoms.
d.3.1.e. Dandhea Anti-Cold oil (s.v.)
see 7.3.e. and 7.7.a. Use when you have symptoms.
d.3.2.Polyphenols:1.Benzophenone, 2, Oleuropein, 3.Leucoefdin and 4.Bromelain
Polyphenols for combating shortness of breath: Think of grapes Benzophenones in grapes and plantago122. Freeze in some fresh plantago leaf and organic grapes to have access to them all year round.
d.3.2.1.Benzophenone(s.v.)
Benzophenone is a sweet-smelling organic compound that occurs naturally in grapes, plantago, propolis. grapes, elderberries, soursop and passion flower.
Benzophenone is a powerful antiviral that even inhibits AIDS viruses123Research published in 2021 shows it has incredible healing powers, anti cancer, anti malaria, the list goes on!124
Since anti malaria remedies work against Covid–19, perhaps this will also!
Benzophenone combats shortness of breath, which is another reason it may useful in fighting Covid-19.
Food sources Benzophenone
Image:Benzophenone food sources125: grapes, plantago, elderberry, propolis, black tea, passion fruit
Cherimoya, Soursop.
d.3.2.2. Oleuropein(s.v.)
Oleuropein126, which occurs naturally in olives and olive leaves, is a powerful anti-oxidant 127even stronger than EGCG, which is many times stronger than Hydroxychloroquine.
Research suggests it is useful in combating neurological damage due to Covid-19.
A study called “Oleuropein as a Potent Compound against Neurological Complications Linked with COVID-19: A Computational Biology Approach: was published on PMC June 28, 2022. It says:
“Interaction analysis revealed strong bonding between oleuropein and the active site amino acid residues of the target proteins.“128
It is in olive leaf, olive seeds and olive oil129. Oleuropein is also naturally in olives, but usually removed from them with lye, so check the label for how olives are processed to see if they still contain Oleuropein.130
Leucoefdin is an important constituent of various fruits such as banana and raspberry.
Leukoefdin, also written as Leucoefdin, has shown potential as a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor.
Leukoefdin food sources
Image: Leukoefdin food sources, banana’s and raspberries.132
d.3.2.4. Bromelain(s.v.)
Bromelain is a group of enzymes found in the fruit and stem of the pineapple plant.
Research shows Bromelain, is effective in combating Covid-19.
A study called “Bromelain inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 infection via targeting ACE‐2, TMPRSS2, and spike protein” was published on PMC on February 11th of 2021.133
An earlier study called Bromelain Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection in VeroE6 Cells134
Bromelain is promoted as a dietary supplement for reducing pain and swelling, especially of the nose and sinuses, gums, and other body parts after surgery or injury. It is also promoted for osteoarthritis, cancer, digestive problems, and muscle soreness. Topical bromelain is promoted for burns.135
Image: Resveratrol food sources (s.v.) 138grapes (Vitis vinifera), and peanut (Arachis hypogaea)., cocoa, elderberries and berries of the Vaccinium species, including blueberries, bilberries, and cranberries(Vaccinium macrocarpon). 139
d.4. a. Teas from the Herb Rotation Schedule142(s.v.)
7 delicious blends using 50 herbs, many of which have proven anti Covid-19 properties, others are still being researched for anti- covid properties, spread out logically over the week so you get them all but overuse none and for maximal anti pathogenic effect. Bad bacteria are resistant within 24 hours of using a herb, and they stay that way for 5 days. Drinking them once a week ensures maximum anti pathogenic effect and prevents overuse. Maria Treben healed people from Cancer with just tea143. Now it is scientifically proven how, also thanks to Professor Li’s research.
Monday, blue, root using the tea from Sunday curcumin, black pepper, Korean ginseng, Siberian ginseng, ginger, dandelion root, angelica root and burdock root. Use water of no more than 60 degrees Celsius to prepare it.
Image: Root146Turmeric, Panax Ginseng, Dandelion root, Black Pepper, Ginger, Angelica root, Ashwagandha, Burdock root, and Siberian Ginseng, For taste and the health benefits you can add black tea.
Tuesday, Green, leaf, Use the left over tea from Monday before to water the plants, you can plant or eat the seeds and roots as a snack. Make the Tuesday leaf tea with new, boiling hot, filtered water to neutralize the sting of the nettle:, Green tea, Jasmine leaf, Nettle, Birch leaf, Hazel leaf, Ash leaf, Olive leaf and Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo Biloba provides good oxygenation of the brains, which is very beneficial for Alzheimer. Ash and Hazel.
Thursday, orange, flower You can use the Wednesday tea to make the Thursday tea in. Put the Wednesday herbs in a pot of vinegar to prepare the Ramisse herbs. Make the Thursday tea with elderflower lime tree blossom. Lilly of the valley tea, lady’s mantel, mauve flowers artemisia annua or vulgaris flower, viola tricolor, golden rod, red clover, spring speedwell, Chamaenerion angustifolium, chamomile matrica, lavender, rose, calendula,
Friday, red. wood, put the flowers from the Thursday tea in the compost bin and use the left over tea to water the plants, Theme: wood, Use new water of no more than 60 degrees Celsius to prepare it.:Friday Wood150: Cinnamon, Clove, licorice mistletoe, and peau d’árco.
Image: Friday Wood151: Cinnamon, Clove, licorice, mistletoe, and peau d’árco.
Saturday, white, fruit, leave the tea water from Friday in the pot to make the Saturday tea. Put the Friday herbs in the Ramisse herb pot. You can use 60 degree Celsius water to make the Saturday tea with cardamom, black pepper, allspice, bramble leaf, raspberry leaf, olive leaf, fig leaf, rose hips, black pepper, cayenne pepper, lemon peel, tangerine peel, star anise and lemon leaf.
You can use the herbs of the tea of the day day for your meals of that day, thus getting the most out of the anti fungal anti viral, anti bacteria, anti pathogenic qualities of herbs, since pathogens usually adapt to anti pathogens in a day, and take five days to revert back to sensitivity due to their reproductive rates.
What to do with left over tea? If you have tea left on from Monday and Thursday., you can give that to your pets to drink.
What about the tea leaves left from Wednesday, Friday and Saturday?
The used tea leaves left from Wednesday, Friday and Saturday you can use to make your own cleaning product and medicine, as described in Chapter 7.4.b.. Just put it in vinegar and let it sit there until it is full, which usually takes about a month. When it is full, sieve out the herbs from the vinegar and you have a wonderful cleaning product. Put that in a vaporizer and use it to clean non ceramic surfaces/ It is a better disinfectant than chlorine, because it kills pathogens without harming friendly bacteria.
You can also put it in a small glass vaporizer and use it as you would Swedish herbs. It is great against a soar throat. It’s called Ramisse herbs.
I found it when I was looking for a way to stay safe from Covid19. I saw that what doctors put in their masks in the Middle Ages to stay safe from the Plague resembled what I put in our tea, and that s how I got the idea to use our used tea leaves this way.
You can save the tea leaves to. they are very decorative. You can use them as Christmas decorations or for a potpourri. Just leave them in a sieve to dry long enough for the vinegar smell to get out.
The used seeds from Sunday you can eat as candy or plant. The same goes for the used roots from Monday.
The leaves from Tuesday and flowers from Thursday can be put in the compost.
d.4.b. Ramisse herbs (s.v.)
d.5.Additional Covid fighting nutrients from the sun and natural organic food sources , not supplements (Vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, amino acids etc) (s.v.)
All these vitaminshave proven anti Covid properties.But the way we are told to take them is often wrong, and sometimes supplements contain other substances than the Vitamin they are supposed to be,
d.5.A. Beta-carotene (s.v.)
Beta-Carotene, which is in vegetables, is the only healthy way to get Vitamin A, since the body can make as much Vitamin A as it needs when it needs it from beta-carotene, and there is no danger of overload, while there is a real danger of Vitamin A overload, which is in meat.
A study was published Preventative Nutrition and Food Science on September 30, 2021 that concluded:
CAROTENOIDS ALLEVIATE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES THAT LEAD TO ACUTE LUNG INJURY DURING COVID-19 INFECTION25.153
What are the benefits of Beta carotene?
In addition to serving as a dietary source of provitamin A, beta carotene functions as an antioxidant.
Antioxidants are compounds that neutralize unstable molecules called free radicals. When free-radical numbers get too high in the body, causing an imbalance, it leads to cellular and tissue damage, known as oxidative stress.
Oxidative stress is a known contributor to the development of certain chronic diseases. Antioxidants like beta carotene help reduce or prevent oxidative stress in the body.
Diets rich in antioxidants boost health.
By reducing oxidative stress in the body, antioxidants may help protect against conditions such as:
heart disease
cognitive disorders like Alzheimer’s disease
Research has linked eating foods rich in beta carotene and taking beta carotene supplements with the following health benefits:
Better cognitive function
Beta carotene improves your cognitive function and memory due to its antioxidant effects.
Keep in mind that the cognitive benefits related to beta carotene were only associated with long-term supplementation over an average of 18 years.
That said, the researchers didn’t find a significant effect in the short term, and they concluded that more research is needed.
The potential benefits of beta carotene supplements on cognitive health needs more research. Eating fruits and vegetables in general, including those rich in beta carotene, can decrease the risk of cognitive decline and conditions like dementia.
Good skin health
Beta carotene may also help boost your skin’s health. Again, this is likely due to its antioxidant effects.
Getting plenty of antioxidant micronutrients, including beta carotene, increases the skin’s defenses against UV radiation and helps maintain skin health and appearance.
Lung health
Vitamin A, which the body creates from beta carotene, helps the lungs work properly.
In addition, people who eat plenty of food that contains beta carotene might have a lower risk for certain kinds of cancer, including lung cancer.
Eye health
Diets rich in carotenoids promote eye health and protect against diseases that affect the eyes including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a disease that causes vision loss.
Having high blood levels of carotenoids — including beta carotene — may reduce the risk of developing advanced age-related macular degeneration by as much as 35 percent.
Diets high in fruits and vegetables rich in beta carotene are particularly effective in reducing the risk of AMD in people who smoke.
Health experts recommend eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which are full of vitamins, minerals, and plant compounds that work together to support health over taking beta carotene supplements.25.2
Diets rich in foods that are high in antioxidants like beta carotene protect against the development of certain cancers.
This includes:
premenopausal breast cancer
lung cancer
pancreatic cancer
Eating fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids, such as beta carotene, has a protective effect against lung cancer, while beta carotene supplements m actually increase the risk of developing lung cancer for people who smoke.
While Beta-carotene from food is beneficial, Beta-carotene from supplements is not.
Research suggests that while β-carotene from food heals cancers and heart disease, Beta-carotene from supplements increases the risk of heart disease and cancers including bladder, lung, stomach, and prostate.25.3
The worst effect you can get from Beta-carotene overdose is that your skin turns orange. 25.4The excess beta-carotene in your blood latches onto areas of the body that have thicker skin, like the palms, soles, knees, elbows and folds around the nose. These are the first areas that people typically notice turning an orange shade. And it can be more obvious in lighter-skinned people. Skin discoloration will continue to darken as you eat more beta-carotene rich foods. It will go back to normal when you stop taking in too much bèta carotene.
Carrots, sweet potatoes, and dark leafy greens are among the best sources of beta carotene. Add a little oil to help the body absorb the nutrient.25.5
According to the NIH, adult females should get 700 mcg Beta-carotene per day, while adult males need 900 mcg Beta-carotene per day.
Pregnant and breastfeeding women need 770 mcg RAE and 1,300 mcg Beta-carotene, respectively.
Don’t confuse Beta-carotene with Vitamin A. Your body can make all the Vitamin A it needs from Beta0carotene when it needs it, while Vitamin A cannot be stored and can lead to toxicity.
That’s why there’s an established tolerable upper intake level (UL) set for preformed vitamin A, there’s no UL set for provitamin A carotenoids like beta carotene.
This is because Beta-carotene and other carotenoids are unlikely to cause health issues even when consumed at high doses.
However, keep in mind that, unlike foods rich in Beta-carotene, Beta-carotene supplements have different effects on health and may lead to negative effects.
The U (upper limit) for preformed vitamin A is set at 3,000 mcg for both men and women, including women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.25.6
Here are some Beta-carotene food sources:
Beta carotene is concentrated in fruits and veggies with a red, orange, or yellow color, dark leafy greens or other green veggies.25.7Eating these fruits and vegetables can help you get more beta-carotene. Red, orange, deep yellow, and dark green produce tends to be high in carotenoids.25.8
Some research has shown that cooked carrots provide more carotenoids than raw carrots. Adding olive oil can also increase the bioavailability of carotenoids. However, cooking diminishes Vitamin C, and since the beta-carotene is abundant in carrots, you’re probably still better off eating them raw,
Beta carotene is a fat-soluble compound, which is why eating this nutrient with a fat improves its absorption.
The foods highest in beta carotene include:
Beta-Carotene, which is in vegetables, is the only healthy way to get Vitamin A, since the body can make as much Vitamin A as it needs when it needs it from beta-carotene, and there is no danger of overload, while there is a real danger of Vitamin A overload, which is in meat.
Beta-carotene is also anti-carcinogenic. Unlike Vitamin A, Beta-carotene is never toxic. Your body can store it and use it at will.
Beta-carotene is also anti-carcinogenic. Unlike Vitamin A, Beta-carotene is never toxic. Your body can store it and use it at will.
Food Sources Beta-carotene
Image: Beta-carotene food sources 154: Sweet Potatoes (not to be confused with Yams, that have much less beta-carotene), Dandelions, Carrots, Garlic Mustard, Kale, Spinach, Broccoli, Butternut Squash, Aloe Vera, Cantaloupe, Mango, Red Bell peppers, Apricots, Pumpkin, Tomatoes, Oranges., Peas, Pumpkin seeds, Squash, and yes, Yams!
Pairing these foods, herbs, and spices with a healthy fat, such as olive oil, avocado, or nuts and seeds, can help the body absorb them better.
While stir-frying in the presence of a small quantity of oil leads to an enormous increase in the bioaccessibility of beta-carotene from these vegetables, the increase being 263% (fenugreek leaves), 192% (amaranth leaves), 63% (carrot) and 53% (pumpkin), it decreases Vitamin C, which already deteriorates at 30 degrees Celsius, and which is also important for beating Covid.
d.5.B.B Vitamins
B vitamins should be called Beauty vitamins, since they influence our appearance so profoundly. But because your life can depend on them, I understand that choice was not made.
All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins, also help the body metabolize fats and protein. B complex vitamins are necessary for a healthy liver, skin, hair, and eyes. They also help the nervous system function properly.155
Did you know that avidin, a protein in raw eggs, prevents the uptake of Vitamin B7 or Biotin, which is responsible for healthy hair and strong nails, and that lack of Thiamin or, Vitamin B1, can cause heart disease and that soaking your grains and beans takes the Thiamin out of them? And did you know Vitamin B2, or riboflavin deficiency also causes heart disease and even cancer, and that B2 is destroyed by light? And did you know B3 or Niacin, deficiency causes heart disease? And did you know that vitamin B5 is crucial in the synthesis of Vitamin D, which is crucial for bone health and heart health as well? B9, or folate deficiency causes heart disease as well as birth defects in unborn children. B6, or pyridoxine deficiency causes depression, confusion and convulsions. Did you know a side effect of lack of Vitamin B12, or Cobalamin, is permanent nerve damage, causing dementia and schizophrenia? And that both B12 and folate need to be taken together and are both water soluble, and that folate is different from folic acid? Folate aids B12 metabolism, folic acid sabotages it.
Besides that, all B vitamins have been found crucial in Covid prevention and healing.
d.5.B.1. Vitamin B1, Thiamine or Thiamin
Thiamine is involved in several basic cell functions and the breakdown of nutrients for energy,
Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1:
helps the body break down and release energy from food
helps keep the nervous system healthy
Vitamin B1 repairs the damage from refined sugar26.a.
Signs of Deficiency
A thiamine deficiency can occur from a low intake of foods containing thiamine, decreased absorption in the gut, or increased losses in urine such as with alcohol abuse or certain medications like diuretics.
A deficiency can lead to various problems in organs that require a constant supply of energy like the brain and heart.
Symptoms appearing with mild to moderate deficiency:
Weight loss
Confusion, memory loss
Muscle weakness
Peripheral neuropathy
Lowered immunity
A more severe thiamine deficiency can lead to beriberi, which causes muscle loss and diminished feeling in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy).
Because beriberi impairs reflexes and motor function, it can eventually lead to deadly fluid build-up in the heart and lower limbs.
Another result of serious thiamine deficiency often seen with alcohol abuse is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome that may cause confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and peripheral neuropathy.
Both types of deficiency are also seen with compromised gastrointestinal conditions such as celiac disease or bariatric surgery, or those with HIV/AIDs.
Congestive heart failure
Loss of Cognitive function
The Be well study which researched the benefits of B Vitamins in fighting Covid found:
| Thiamine is able to improve immune system function and has been shown to reduce the risk of type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, aging-related disorders, kidney disease, cancer, mental disorders and neurodegenerative disorders [6]. Thiamine deficiency affects the cardiovascular system, causes neuroinflammation, increases inflammation and leads to aberrant antibody responses [6]. As antibodies, and importantly T-cells, are required to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 virus, thiamine deficiency can potentially result in inadequate antibody responses, and subsequently more severe symptoms. Hence, adequate thiamine levels are likely to aid in the proper immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the symptoms of COVID-19 are very similar to altitude sickness and high-altitude pulmonary edema. Acetazolamide is commonly prescribed to prevent high-altitude sickness and pulmonary edema through inhibition of the carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes and subsequently increases oxygen levels. Thiamine also functions as a carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme inhibitor [9]; hence, high-doses of thiamine given to people at early stages of COVID-19 could potentially limit hypoxia and decrease hospitalization. Further research is required to determine whether administration of high thiamine doses could contribute to the treatment of patients with COVID-19.”156
Toxicity
It is unlikely to reach a toxic level of thiamine from food sources alone. In the setting of very high intakes, the body will absorb less of it and flush out any excess amount through the urine. There is no established toxic level of thiamine.
How much thiamine do I need?
Thiamine cannot be stored in the body, so you need it in your diet every day.
The amount of thiamine adults (aged 19 to 64) need is:
1mg a day for men
0.8mg a day for women
Newborns, 6 months: 0.2 mg (adequate intake)
Infants, 7 months to 1 year: 0.3 mg (adequate intake)
Children, 1 to 3 years: 0.5 mg (RDA)
Children, 4 to 8 years: 0.6 mg (RDA)
Children, 9 to 13 years: 0.9 mg (RDA)
Men, 14 to 18 years: 1.2 mg (RDA)
Women, 14 to 18 years: 1 mg (RDA)
Adult
Men, 19 years and older: 1.2 mg (RDA)
Women, 19 years and older: 1.1 mg (RDA)
Pregnant or breastfeeding women: 1.4 mg (RDA)26.b.
A study published on PubMed March 10, 2022 suggests that riboflavin supplementation could be promising for decreasing inflammation in COVID-19.158
Function of Vitamin B2
Vitamin B2 is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. These coenzymes are involved in energy metabolism, cellular respiration, and antibody production, as well as normal growth and development. The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate. Riboflavin is prescribed to treat corneal thinning, and taken orally, may reduce the incidence of migraine headaches in adults.
Riboflavin is a key component of coenzymes involved with the growth of cells, energy production, and the breakdown of fats, steroids, and medications.
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, helps:
keep skin, eyes and the nervous system healthy
helps the body release energy from food
Signs of Deficiency
Because riboflavin assists many enzymes with various daily functions throughout the body, a deficiency can lead to health problems.
Animal studies show that the brain and heart disorders and some cancers can develop from long-term riboflavin deficiency.
Migraines
Cardiovascular disease
Other Symptoms may include:
Cracked lips
Sore throat
Swelling of the mouth and throat
Swollen tongue (glossitis)
Hair loss
Skin rash
Anemia
Itchy red eyes
Cataracts in severe cases
Toxicity
What happens if I take too much riboflavin?
Most riboflavin is used immediately and not stored in the body, so excess amounts are excreted in the urine. [2] An excess of dietary riboflavin, usually from supplements, can cause urine to become bright yellow.
There’s not enough evidence to know what the effects might be of taking high doses of riboflavin supplements each day.
A toxic level of riboflavin has not been observed from food sources and supplements. The gut can only absorb a limited amount of riboflavin at one time, and an excess is quickly excreted in the urine. [2] Therefore, a Tolerable Upper Intake Level for riboflavin has not been established.
UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. A UL has not been established for riboflavin, because a toxic level has not been observed from food sources or from longer-term intakes of high-dose supplements.
Recommended Amounts
How much riboflavin do I need?
The amount of riboflavin adults (aged 19 to 64) need is about:
1.3mg a day for men
1.1mg a day for women
Riboflavin cannot be stored in the body, so you need it in your diet every day.
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for men and women ages 19+ years is 1.3 mg and 1.1 mg daily, respectively. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 1.4 mg and 1.6 mg daily, respectively.
Do not confuse Vitamin B3 with niacinamide or nicotinamide. They do not have the same properties as Vitamin B3, also called Niacin or Nicotinic acid. For details about that see, see Chapter 7.5.B.3.
Function
Niacin works in the body as a coenzyme, with more than 400 enzymes dependent on it for various reactions. Niacin helps to convert nutrients into energy, create cholesterol and fats, create and repair DNA, and exert antioxidant effects.
Niacin prevents high cholesterol.
Niacin, or Vitamin B3, is the best agent known to raise blood levels of HDL, which helps remove cholesterol deposits from the artery walls.160
Niacin is converted to niacinamide when it is taken in amounts greater than what is needed by the body. Niacinamide is required for the function of fats and sugars in the body and to maintain healthy cells.
Niacin helps the body release energy from food
keep the nervous system and skin healthy
Signs of Deficiency
A severe niacin deficiency leads to pellagra, a condition that causes a dark, sometimes scaly rash to develop on skin areas exposed to sunlight; bright redness of the tongue; and constipation/diarrhea. Other signs of severe niacin deficiency include:
Depression
Headache
Fatigue
Memory loss
Hallucinations
Cardiovascular disease
Many extra-pulmonary symptoms of COVID-19 strikingly resemble those of pellagra, vitamin B3 deficiency(e.g., diarrhea, dermatitis, oral cavity and tongue manifestations, loss of smell and taste, mental confusion).161
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for processing amino acids in the body, which form the building blocks of proteins and some hormones. It is involved in red blood cell metabolism, proper functioning of the nervous and immune systems and various other bodily functions.
It is found naturally in many foods, as well as added to foods and supplements. Pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (PLP) is the active coenzyme form and most common measure of B6 blood levels in the body. PLP is a coenzyme that assists more than 100 enzymes to perform various functions, including the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; maintaining normal levels of homocysteine (since high levels can cause heart problems); and supporting immune function and brain health.164
The form of Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, helps:
the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrates in food
the body form hemoglobin, the substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen around the body
Vitamin B6 has been widely studied for its role in disease prevention. For the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea,. Adequate blood levels of B6 may be associated with lower risk of cancers, compared to low blood levels. However, the use of separate B6 supplements (apart from the RDA amounts in typical multivitamin preparations) is inconclusive and not recommended. Cardiovascular disease, Cognitive function, Cancer, Morning sickness.
Signs of Vitamin B6 Deficiency
A long-term deficiency in vitamin B6 can lead to skin inflammation (dermatitis) depression, confusion, convulsions, and even anemia. Recent studies also suggest that a diet low in vitamin B6 increases the risk of heart disease.
A vitamin B6 deficiency most often occurs when other B vitamins in the body are low, particularly vitamin B12 and folic acid. A mild deficiency may have no symptoms, but a more severe or prolonged deficiency can exhibit the following:
Microcytic anemia
Skin conditions
Depression
Confusion
Lowered immunity
Certain conditions can increase the risk of developing a deficiency by interfering with the absorption of Vitamin B6:
Kidney disease
Autoimmune intestinal disorders like celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease
Autoimmune inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis
Vitamin B6 overload only comes from supplements
What happens if I take too much vitamin B6?
Too much vitamin B6 taken from supplements can lead to nerve damage in the arms and legs.
It is quite unlikely to reach a toxic level of vitamin B6 from food sources alone. Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin so that unused amounts will exit the body through the urine. [2] However, a toxic level can occur from long-term very high dose supplementation of greater than 1,000 mg daily. Symptoms usually subside after stopping the high dosage. Symptoms include:
Neuropathy in feet and hands
Ataxia (loss of control of body movements)
Nausea
When taking a supplement, it’s important not to take too much.
But in a few cases when people have taken large amounts of vitamin B6, particularly for more than a few months, the effect can be permanent.
The effect of taking vitamin B6 at doses between 10 and 200 mg is unclear. So there’s not enough evidence to say how long these doses could be taken for safely.
Recommended Amounts
How much vitamin B6 do I need?
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for men ages 14-50 years is 1.3 mg daily; 51+ years, 1.7 mg. The RDA for women ages 14-18 years is 1.2 mg; 19-50 years, 1.3 mg; and 51+ years, 1.5 mg. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 1.9 mg mcg and 2.0 mg, respectively.
UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. The UL for adults 19 years and older is 100 mg daily, with slightly lesser amounts in children and teenagers. This amount can only be achieved by taking supplements. Even higher amounts of vitamin B6 supplements are sometimes prescribed for medical reasons, but under the supervision of a physician as excess vitamin B6 can cause toxicity.
The bacteria that live naturally in your bowel are also able to make vitamin B6.
Vitamin B7, or Biotin, is missing in the row of B Vitamins that are effective against Covid-19, which is surprising, because everything seems to work against Covid-19. What a contrast with the 250.000 herbs that needed to be researched before one was found that was effective in fighting Malaria, which turned out to be Artemisia Annua, which, of course, is also effective against Covid-19.
So why would Vitamin B7 be missing in the list of Vitamins that is effective against Covid-19?
Biotin contributes to normal energy metabolism and to the maintenance of normal skin, hair, and nervous system function.
Biotin plays a vital role in assisting enzymes to break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in food. It also helps to regulate signals sent by cells and the activity of genes.
Biotin supplements are often glamorized as a treatment for hair loss and to promote healthy hair, skin, and nails, and a deficiency of biotin can certainly lead to hair loss and skin or nail problems.
The bacteria that live naturally in your bowel are able to make biotin, but you need it in your diet as well.
Signs of Deficiency and Toxicity
Deficiency
A biotin deficiency in the U.S. is rare, as most people eat enough biotin in a varied diet. Alcoholism can increase the risk of biotin deficiency and many other nutrients as alcohol can block their absorption, and also because alcohol abuse is generally associated with a poor dietary intake. About a third of pregnant women show a mild biotin deficiency despite eating adequate intakes, though the exact reason is not clear.
Symptoms appearing with a Biotin Deficiency:
Thinning hair
Scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose, mouth
Brittle nails
Symptoms appearing with a Biotin Toxicity
What happens if I take too much biotin?
No evidence in humans has shown a toxicity of biotin even with high intakes. Because it is water-soluble, any excess amount will leave through the urine. There is no established upper limit or toxic level for biotin.
There’s not enough evidence to know what the effects might be of taking high daily doses of biotin supplements.
Recommended Amounts
An RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) does not exist for biotin because there is not enough evidence to suggest a daily amount needed by most healthy people. Instead, there is an AI (Adequate Intake) level, which is assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy.
AI: The AI for biotin for men and women 19 years and older and for pregnant women is 30 micrograms daily. Lactating women need 35 micrograms daily.
UL:A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. There is no UL for biotin due to a lack of reports showing negative effects from very high intakes.
Did You Know?
Those who frequently enjoy raw eggs in recipes for mayonnaise, Caesar dressing, or eggnog may want to reconsider. A protein in raw eggs called avidin can bind to biotin, preventing its absorption. Cooked eggs are not an issue because avidin is broken down when heated.168
Vitamin B9 should be taken with vitamin B12 ( see d.5.B.12) and needs Vitamin C to be digested properly, so it is part of the Vitamin C cluster. See d.5.C.9.
Folate Food Sources
Folate is sensitive to destruction by heat, oxidation and UV light.170While the raw version of any food will have more Folate than the heated one, there is still enough left in heated foods.
Food Sources Vitamin B9, Folate (s.v.)
Image: Vitamin B9, Folate food sources Vitamin B9171Chickpeas, Peanuts, Raw organic Sunflower seeds, Cranberry Beans, Raw Spinach, Lentils, Roman Beans, Raw Broccoli, Pinto Beans Asparagus, Cooked Spinach, Lettuce, Kidney Beans, Avocado, Cooked Broccoli and Green Peas
d.5.B.12.Vitamin B12, Cobalamin or Cyanocobalamin (s.v.)
According to the Be Well study, Covid 19 not only resembles Vitamin B12 deficiency, Covid 19 symptoms are also alleviated with Vitamin B12 supplementation.172
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement and a prescription medication. Because vitamin B12 contains the mineral cobalt, compounds with vitamin B12 activity are collectively called “Cobalamin” 173
Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body’s liver, fatty tissue, and muscles. The four fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins are absorbed more easily by the body in the presence of dietary fat.
Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body.174
The exact time that water-soluble vitamins circulate in your body will depend on factors like age, nutrient status, diet, and the like. However, most are depleted within 1-2 days, which means replenishing them daily to ensure sufficient levels if critical for optimal health and performance. 175
Vitamin B12 binds to the protein in the foods we eat. In the stomach, hydrochloric acid and enzymes unbind vitamin B12 into its free form. From there, vitamin B12 combines with a protein called intrinsic factor so that it can be absorbed further down in the small intestine.176
Vitamin B12,Cobalaminor Cyanocobalamin Function
Vitamin B12, or Cobalamin, is necessary for making DNA and for creating energy in our cells. (1) A deficiency of vitamin B12 leads to anemia, fatigue, mania, and depression. A long-term deficiency can cause permanent damage to the brain and central nervous system. (2)
A B vitamin complex supplement is often touted to boost energy levels and mood. People who have a B vitamin deficiency may feel a rise in energy levels after using the supplement because the vitamin is directly involved in making healthy blood cells and can correct anemia if present. However, there is no evidence of benefit if people without a deficiency take extra B vitamins.
Vitamin B12 is involved in helping the body:
make red blood cells and keeping the nervous system healthy
release energy from food
use folate
The interaction between Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B9:
Vitamin B12 is an especially important vitamin for maintaining healthy nerve cells, and it helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body’s genetic material. Vitamin B12 works closely with vitamin B9, also called Folate, to help make red blood cells and to help iron work better in the body. Folate and B12 work together to produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a compound involved in immune function and mood.177
Vitamins B12, B6, and B9 work together to control blood levels of the amino acid homocysteine. High levels of homocysteine are associated with heart disease. However, researchers are not sure whether homocysteine is a cause of heart disease or just a marker that indicates someone may have heart disease.178
B9 (folate) + B12 (Cobalamin): Many of the functions of folate and B12 are linked because of their complementary roles in the “folate” and “methionine” cycles. Low levels of B12 can result in a functional folate deficiency, as folate becomes trapped in the form of methyltetrahydrofolate.
Proper function of the folate cycle is essential for the synthesis and regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor for enzymes that convert amino acids to monoamine neurotransmitters (Serotonin, Melatonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline, Aadrenaline) and Nitric Oxide
They’re also heavily involved in red blood cell production and proper function of the nervous system.179
Both Folate and Vitamin B12 deficiency are due to the induction of a functional Folate deficiency, which in turn is induced by Vitamin B12 deprivation.
The interrelationship between these two Vitamins is best explained by the methyl trap hypothesis stating that Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to lowered levels of methionine synthetase, which results in a functional folate deficiency by trapping an increased proportion of folate as the 5-methyl derivative. 180
In addition, as 5-methyl-H4PteGlu is a poor substrate for folylpolyglutamate synthetase, there is a decreased synthesis of folylpolyglutamates and consequently a decreased retention of folates by tissues. The real Folate deficiency that ensues because of decreased tissue Folate levels is probably as important physiologically as the functional deficiency caused by the methyl trap. The sparing effect of methionine can be explained by adenosylmethionine inhibition of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which would prevent the buildup of 5-methyl-H4PteGlun. A deficiency in vitamin B12 would not, in itself, be sufficient to cause a disturbance in folate metabolism.
The deficiency would have to result in lowered methyltransferase levels before any such disturbance would be manifest. 181
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Symptoms
Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin needed for proper development and functioning of the nervous system. A deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to weight loss, constipation, and anemia. Numbness (tingling) in hands and feet may also occur in addition to depression, dementia, and memory loss.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Symptoms
Signs of deficiency may include:
Megaloblastic anemia—a condition of larger than normal sized red blood cells and a smaller than normal amount; this occurs because there is not enough vitamin B12 in the diet or poor absorption
Fatigue, weakness
Nerve damage with numbness, tingling in the hands and legs
Memory loss, confusion
Dementia
Depression
Seizures
Cardiovascular disease
Impaired Cognitive function
Schizophrenia
Vitamin B12 deficiency may show up as folate deficiency, since without vitamin B12, folate cannot synthesize properly.
A study by Silver (2000) on 644 bedridden psychotics reported that 78.3% of schizophrenic patients had vitamin B12 deficiency.
Factors that may cause vitamin B12 deficiency:
Folic Acid interferes with Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 has no upper limit
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin, so any unused amount will exit the body through the urine. Generally, up to 1000 mcg a day of an oral tablet to treat a deficiency is considered safe. The Institute of Medicine states “no adverse effects have been associated with excess vitamin B12 intake from food and supplements in healthy individuals.”
Recommended Amounts
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance for men and women ages 14 years and older is 2.4 micrograms (mcg) daily. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 2.6 mcg and2.8 mcg daily, respectively.
UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population. No upper limit has been set for vitamin B12, as there is no established toxic level. However, some evidence suggests that supplements of 25 mcg per day or higher may increase the risk of bone fractures.
Adults (aged 19 to 64) need about 1.5 micrograms a day of vitamin B12.
Food Sources Vitamin B12, Cobalamin (s.v.)
Image: Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources (s.v.)182: Kombucha, Chiorella, Nori, Shiitake mushrooms, Swiss cheese, Emmentaler, Brie, Oyster mushrooms,and also black trumpet mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, parasol mushroom and black morels, Yogurt and Kefir.
d.5.C. TheVitamin C Cluster: 1. Vitamin C-LAA, 2. Sodium, 3. Iodine, 4Potassium, 5. Iron, 6. Copper, and 7.Folate
d.5.C.1. Vitamin C-LAA
Vitamin C-LAA, which is in fruits and vegetables, is the only one that works. Vitamin C–DAA, which is often in supplements, does not even prevent scurvy. See The Vitamin C cluster.
Vitamin C L-Ascorbic Acid’s functions include:
Acting as an antioxidant
Playing a major role in collagen formation
Assisting in the synthesis of a neurotransmitter, norepinephrine183
Helping break down cholesterol and synthesize bile
Playing a role in the absorption, metabolism, and utilization of other nutrients, such as folate, and iron
Vitamin C-LAA increases folate bioavailability by protecting methyltetrahydrofolic acid from oxidation and vitamin C increases the efficiency of conversion of polyglutamates, in food, to the monoglutamate form required for absorption in the small intestines
Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur. As scurvy worsens there can be poor wound healing, personality changes, and finally death from infection or bleeding. It takes at least a month of little to no vitamin C in the diet before symptoms occur.191
Why is it so important to have Vitamin C in your diet every day?
We cannot produce Vitamin C -LAA (L-Ascorbic Acid), and Water-soluble vitamins, like Vitamin C-LAA are stored in the body in very limited amounts, and are excreted through the urine. 192 Therefore, it is a good idea to have them in your daily diet.
Recommended Intake:
Age Group (in years)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (mg/day) [milligrams per day]
Females
Males
1-3
15
15
4-8
25
25
9-13
45
45
14-18
65
75
14-18 Pregnancy
80
n/a
14-18 Lactation
115
n/a
19-50
75
90
19-50 Pregnancy
85
n/a
19-50 Lactation
120
n/a
50+
75
90
Image: The Tolerable Upper Limit (TUL) for vitamin C-LAAis 2,000 mg. Even for people with certain intolerances to vitamin C, 6 grams a day is tolerated during illnesses. Do stay well hydrated. You can even take Vitamin C-LAA when you have scepsis.
What we are always are told is that Vitamin C L-Ascorbic Acid begins to denature at temperatures as low as 86 °F, which is 30 degrees Celsius, according to a study in the International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research. The negative effects of heat increase significantly at 140 and even more at 170 °F, which is 60 to 77 degrees Celsius 193
But since the body is normally 37 degrees Celsius, does that not mean that L-Ascorbic Acid becomes dehydroxy -L ascorbic acid in the body?
And does it not mean that we don’t have to worry so much about heating foods with L-Ascorbic Acid?
Whatever the case may be, what we do have to worry about is pharma giants who apparently don’t know the difference between L and D Ascorbic Acid, and for that matter L and D dehydroascorbic Acid.
All the more reason to stick to natural foods for Vitamin C-LAA!
Here they are:
Food sources Vitamin C-LA A(s.v.)
Image: Vitamin C-LAA food sources (s.v.)194: kakadu plums, rose hips, acerola cherries, guava’s, yellow bell peppers, chili peppers, black currants, parsley, mustard spinach, red bell peppers, kale, brussels sprouts, broccoli, green bell peppers, kiwi’s.
100 grams of raw Dandelion Greens have 35 mg of Vitamin C195
d.5.C.2. Sodium (s.v.)
Sodium to help with Vitamin C uptake and to help your cells make chlorine dioxide, which is important for immune function.
Vitamin C-LAA needs sodium to be absorbed in the cells. Besides that, salt is important for making Chlorine dioxide, which is important for immunity.
Sodium is an essential mineral and an electrolyte.
It is needed for proper fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.
Higher Potassium means lower sodium and vice versa.196
Sodium is important for Vitamin C absorption.
Low sodium intake is especially bad for people with heart problems.
But also don’t use eating more salt as a diet strategy. You lose muscle, not fat.
The trick here seems again, eat as much as tastes good to you, not too much, not too little, just right!
Current dietary guidelines in the US recommend no more than 2,300 mg of sodium per day. This is equal to around 1 teaspoon (6 grams) of finely ground salt with high risk groups striving for no more than 1,500 mg.198 Salt poisoning sufficient to produce severe symptoms is rare, and lethal salt poisoning even rarer; the median lethal dose of table salt is roughly 3 grams per kg of body weight. So for someone of 50 kilograms, that would be 150 grams of salt.
What causes hyperkalemia?
The most common causes include:
Kidney Disease. Hyperkalemia can happen if your kidneys do not work well. It is the job of the kidneys to balance the amount of potassium taken in with the amount lost in urine. Potassium is taken in through the foods you eat and the liquids you drink. It is filtered by the kidneys and lost through the urine. In the early stages of kidney disease, the kidneys can often make up for high potassium. But as kidney function gets worse, they may not be able to remove enough potassium from your body. Advanced kidney disease is a common cause of hyperkalemia.
A diet high in potassium. Eating too much food that is high in potassium can also cause hyperkalemia, especially in people with advanced kidney disease. Foods such as cantaloupe, honeydew melon, orange juice, and bananas are high in potassium.
Some drugs can keep your kidneys from removing enough potassium. This can cause your potassium levels to rise.
Other (less common) causes include:
Taking extra potassium, such as salt substitutes or supplements.
A disorder called “Addison’s disease”, which can occur if your body does not make enough of certain hormones. Hormones are chemicals produced by different glands and organs, including the kidneys, to trigger certain responses in your body.
Burns or other severe injuries. This occurs because your body, in response to severe burns or injuries releases extra potassium in your blood.
Poorly controlled diabetes.
When diabetes is not controlled, it has a direct effect on your kidneys which are responsible for balancing potassium in your body.199
Sodium overload or hypernatremia symptoms are:
Dizziness when you stand up or change positions (you may be dehydrated).
Severe sweating or fever; vomiting and diarrhea with markedly elevated sodium levels, if your hypernatremia is due to a loss of body fluids.200
Salt plays a crucial role in maintaining health. It is the main source of sodium and chloride ions in the human diet.
Sodium is essential for nerve and muscle function and is involved in the regulation of fluids in the body. … Chloride ions serve as important electrolytes by regulating blood pH and pressure.206
The reason low salt diets are recommended for people with heart problems, is because lower salt lowers blood pressure.
But studies show that people have less heart attacks and lower all cause mortality if they eat more salt.
Salt is a key element for cells to fight viruses.
Salt plays a crucial role in maintaining human health. It is the main source of sodium and chloride ions in the human diet. Sodium is essential for nerve and muscle function and is involved in the regulation of fluids in the body. Chloride ions serve as important electrolytes by regulating blood pH and pressure.207
The reason low salt diets are recommended for people with heart problems, is because lower sodium lowers blood pressure.
But studies show that people have less heart attacks and lower all cause mortality if they eat more salt.208
Sodium has also been found effective in fighting SARS-CoV-2209
Chlorine dioxide 210 is sold as a miracle cure, Miracle Mineral Solution211 but it is dangerous to ingest.212
Chlorine dioxide is what immune cells produce themselves when they attack viruses.213
Taking Chlorine Dioxide can be a problem, but just eating as much salt as is pleasant and tasty for you helps your immune cells make it them selves.
Compare it to ammunition for your body’s own, very specialized, defense forces, which they aim very precisely at pathogens. Then it hits the target.
But if you start throwing them in your body indiscriminately, they are harmful, just as throwing ammunition around indiscriminately doesn’t help you defend a country.
You just want to keep your immune cells armed and ready. Give them enough salt, and your taste buds and how you feel tell you how much that is.
There are more reasons not to go on low salt or salt free diets.
Lower salt intake is associated with a higher incidence of all cause mortality.35.19215
If you get your sodium from, any non iodized sat, including Himalayan salt, you need to get Iodine from another source.
The body needs iodine to make thyroid hormones. These hormones control the body’s metabolism and many other important functions. The body also needs thyroid hormones for proper bone and brain development during pregnancy and infancy.217
Signs of Iodine Deficiency
People who don’t get enough iodine cannot make sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. This can cause many problems. In pregnant women, severe iodine deficiency can permanently harm the fetus by causing stunted growth, intellectual disability, and delayed sexual development. Less severe iodine deficiency can cause lower-than-average IQ in infants and children and decrease adults’ ability to work and think clearly Goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland, is often the first visible signof iodine deficiency.218
Signs of Iodine overload
Getting high levels of iodine can cause some of the same symptoms as iodine deficiency, including goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland). High iodine intakes can also cause thyroid gland inflammation and thyroid cancer. Getting a very large dose of iodine (several grams, for example) can cause burning of the mouth, throat, and stomach; fever; stomach pain; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; weak pulse; and coma.
Potassium needs to be taken in balance with sodium. Sodium increases blood pressure, potassium decreases it.
The Function of Potassium:
Potassium is an electrolyte. It is needed for proper fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction,220
Potassium is an essential nutrient used to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. It also plays a critical role in the transmission of electrical impulses in the heart.221
A deficiency in potassium causes fatigue, irritability, and hypertension (high blood pressure). Unless you are on dialysis or have a special condition, an overdose of potassium from natural sources is nearly impossible. Signs of high potassium blood levels include weakness, paralysis, and heart palpitations.
A diet rich in potassium is associated with some impressive health benefits. It may prevent or alleviate a variety of health problems, including:
Problems that are solved by Potassium
High blood pressure. Many studies have shown that potassium-rich diets can lower blood pressure, especially for those with high blood pressure
Salt sensitivity. People with this condition may experience a 10% increase in blood pressure after eating salt. A potassium-rich diet may eliminate salt sensitivity
Stroke. Several studies have shown that a potassium-rich diet may reduce the risk of stroke by up to 27%
Osteoporosis. Studies have shown that a potassium-rich diet may help prevent osteoporosis, a condition associated with an increased risk of bone fractures
Kidney stones. Studies have found that potassium-rich diets are associated with a significantly lower risk of kidney stones than diets low in this mineral
Consequences of too little Potassium:
Low blood potassium
Low blood potassium level is a condition in which the amount of potassium in the blood is lower than normal. The medical name of this condition is hypokalemia.
Causes
Potassium is an electrolyte (mineral). It is needed for cells to function properly. You get potassium through food. The kidneys remove excess potassium through the urinary system to keep a proper balance of the mineral in the body.
Common causes of low blood potassium include:
Medicines, such as diuretics (water pills), certain antibiotics (amphotericin B, chloroquine at toxic levels)222
Magnesium 223deficiency also causes Potassium deficiency224
Low levels of potassium have been linked to high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.225
Signs of low potassium are: Constipation. Feeling of skipped heart beats or palpitations. Fatigue. Muscle damage. Muscle weakness or spasms. Tingling or numbness.,226
In mouse studies, scientists found a mechanism that may explain how low levels of potassium in the diet can cause calcification and stiffness of arteries.227
Consequences of too much Potassium:
High potassium levels in your blood can also cause heart problems.
Hyperkalemia can lead to an irregular heartbeat, known as an arrhythmia. It can even result in a heart attack or death..
Many people with hyperkalemia notice few if any symptoms. If hyperkalemia comes on suddenly and you have very high levels of potassium, you may feel heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, or vomiting.
Sudden or severe hyperkalemia is a life-threatening condition.228
Even though there isn’t an RDA for potassium, organizations worldwide have recommended consuming at least 3,500 mg per day through food
One of these organizations is the World Health Organization (WHO). Certain countries, including Spain, Mexico, Belgium, and the UK, support this recommendation.
Other countries, including the United States, recommend consuming at least 4,700 mg per day
Interestingly, it seems that when people consume more than 4,700 mg per day, there appears to be little or no extra health benefits
However, there are several groups of people who may benefit more than others from meeting the higher recommendation. These people include:
Athletes. Those who partake in long and intense exercise may lose a significant amount of potassium through sweat
4,700 mg of potassium daily can eliminate salt-sensitivity,
High risk groups. People at risk of high blood pressure, kidney stones, osteoporosis or stroke may benefit from consuming at least 4700 mg or 4.7 grams of potassium per day 230
The interaction between sodium and potassium.(s.v.)
Epidemiological evidence suggests that low potassium intake is associated with the probability of occurrence of hypertension and stroke. The short-term response to increased potassium intake is increased sodium excretion as well as increased potassium excretion; the short-term response to increased sodium intake is increased potassium excretion as well as increased sodium excretion.231
“If sodium increases high blood pressure, potassium decreases it. If sodium retains water, potassium helps you get rid of it,” You should focus on the balance between potassium and salt.232Unfortunately, drinking more water not only dilutes the sodium in your body, but also the potassium. Excess water intake may lead to the loss of potassium in your body when your kidneys excrete the sodium in your urine. So by ingesting too much water, you may lower your healthy potassium levels.233
Food sources for Potassium(s.v.)
Image: Potassiumfood sources(s.v.)234: Sun Dried Tomatoes, Tomatoes, sun-dried, packed in oil, drained, Cocoa Powder, Potato Chips, Beet Greens, Prune Juice, Raisins, Prunes, Peanuts, Figs, Baked Yams, Dates, French Fries, Adzuki beans, Sweet Potato greens, Lima Beans.
d.5.C.5. Iron (s.v.)
There are 2 types of iron: heme iron from meat, and non- heme iron from plants. Iron needs Vitamin C to be properly metabolized. Food does not effect the absorption of heme iron. It; s absorption is always 30 percent. The absorption of non0heme iron is 10% without vitamin C and 88% with vitamin C. the other advantage of non heme iron is that it can be stored until the body needs it and used at will. Heme iron cannot be stored and must be used immediately. In that way it’s like Vitamin A, whereas non-heme iron is like beta-carotene.
Function and Physiology(s.v.)
Iron is a mineral that the body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, and myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles.235Iron Helps with brain development & growth in children. It is needed for normal production and function of certain types of cells. It boosts resistance to infection and it is needed to make some hormones. 236
Plant based iron needs Vitamin C-LAA and Copper to be metabolized.
Heme iron is said to have higher bioavailability than nonheme iron, but this is not true.
Heme iron has a fixed absorption rate, and other dietary components have less effect on the bioavailability of heme than nonheme iron. 237
Specific heme transporters enable Heme Iron to pass directly across cell membranes and into the bloodstream, whereas Non-heme Iron requires reduction of ferric iron to ferrous iron to occur prior to absorption.238
Iron exists in two oxidation states: the ferrous cation (Fe2+) and ferric cation (Fe3+). 239
Non-heme iron in food is mainly in the ferric state, which is the insoluble form of iron, and must be reduced to the ferrous cation for absorption.240
It is pretended that this puts non-heme iron to a disadvantage compared to heme iron, but actually it is an advantage, since the body can store non-heme iron safely and use it when it needs, whereas heme iron gets dumped into the bloodstream whether the body needs it or not, and the body can do nothing with the excess heme iron, which goes on to wreak havoc in the body.
Causes, consequences and symptoms of Iron Overload
Among the initial signs of iron poisoning are nausea and abdominal pain. Vomiting blood can also occur. Iron poisoning can also lead to diarrhea and dehydration. Sometimes, too much iron causes stools to turn black and bloody. These symptoms usually develop within six hours. After that, symptoms may appear to improve for a day or so.
After those early symptoms, other serious complications can develop within 48 hours after the iron overdose, such as:
dizziness
low blood pressure and a fast or weak pulse
headache
fever
shortness of breath and fluid in the lungs
a grayish or bluish color in the skin
jaundice (yellowing of the skin due to liver damage)
Complications of iron overload include liver damage, liver cirrhosis, pancreatic islet cell damage, diabetes, hypothyroidism, and hypogonadism.243
Iron overload has been suggested as a risk factor for different types of cancers mainly due to its prooxidant activity, which can lead to oxidative DNA damage. Furthermore, subjects with hemochromatosis or iron overload have been shown to have a higher risk of developing liver cancer.244
Only Heme iron can cause iron overload, non-heme iron can’t, because the body can regulate the uptake.
Among the initial signs of iron poisoning are nausea and abdominal pain. Vomiting blood can also occur. Iron poisoning can also lead to diarrhea and dehydration. Sometimes, too much iron causes stools to turn black and bloody. These symptoms usually develop within six hours. After that, symptoms may appear to improve for a day or so.
After those early symptoms, other serious complications can develop within 48 hours after the iron overdose, such as:
• dizziness
• low blood pressure and a fast or weak pulse
• headache
• fever
• shortness of breath and fluid in the lungs
• a grayish or bluish color in the skin
• jaundice (yellowing of the skin due to liver damage)
Iron overload can only be caused by heme iron, not non-heme iron.246
The human body is able to naturally regulate how much non-heme iron that we absorb from plant sources, which helps to prevent our bodies from being overloaded with too much iron.247
However, heme iron is a different story. Heme iron is easily absorbed, but not easily gotten rid of. In fact, the human body actually has no mechanism to excrete excess iron once it is absorbed.248
This could mean trouble if we get too much iron in our system. For example, excess iron is stored in our organs, with the majority being put in our liver, heart, and pancreas. Too much iron in our organs could lead to damage and disease—eventually leading to life-threatening conditions like liver disease, heart problems, diabetes, and certain types of cancers.249
This may be why studies have linked increased risk of death, heart risk, and cancer with the consumption of red meat.250
Benefits of Non-Heme Iron(s.v.)
Found in antioxidant-rich plant foods that have been shown to have a protective effect against inflammation and chronic diseases.251
Able to meet iron needs without detrimental risk to health (our bodies can control the absorption of non-heme iron from plant sources).252
Way better for the environment! According to a recent analysis, avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way to reduce your environmental impact on the planet.253
Non-heme Iron Absorption Facilitators
The bioavailability of heme iron is approximately 25% to 30%254, while normally only 1 to 10% of non-heme iron is absorbed 255,
But combining the non-heme iron with L-Ascorbic Acid increases the non-heme iron uptake 8.8 times, so that then it is between 8,8% and 88%! 256That’s much higher than heme iron!257
Vitamin C L-Ascorbic acid can enhance nonheme iron absorption. 258
L-Ascorbic acid facilitates iron absorption by forming a chelate with ferric iron at acid pH that remains soluble at the alkaline pH of the duodenum.259
This is the swirl of reactions that takes place in the body after consuming non-heme iron:
Kind of reminds me of the reactions Professor T. Collin Campbell261 talks about when people eat a plant based diet/ reactions which he compared to the flying of a flock of birds, all coordinated with each other. A symphony that is destroyed when people eat meat.
There are more strategies that can be employed to increase the body’s ability to absorb non-heme iron. Here are the best-researched methods:
Use a cast iron pan: Foods prepared in a cast iron pan tend to provide two to three times more iron as those prepared in non-iron cookware. A systematic review published in 2021 found that cooking in cast-iron cookware can increase blood hemoglobin levels and boost the iron levels.262
Consume lysine-rich foods: Consuming plant foods like legumes and quinoa that are rich in the amino acid lysine together with your iron-rich meals may increase iron absorption-aids in iron absorption 263by neutralizing Oxalate264, as do citric acid (as in lemons) the probiotic O. formigenes265, kefir266 and vitaminB6 267
Vitamin C, Vinegar268 and sea weed aid in iron absorption by reducing the effect of phytic acid .
Olive Oil 270aids in the uptake of Iron as well as of Calcium.271
Ashwagandha increases both the red blood corpuscles (RBC) and hemoglobin count.272 The increase in RBC results in an increased capacity of the blood to transport oxygen directly to the exercising muscles; thus, enhancing the aerobic capacity of the athletes.273
Consequences of too little Iron
Iron deficiency can lead to iron-deficiency anemia. When you have this condition, you may have symptoms like weakness, dry skin and nails, and poor concentration. In severe cases, you may have heart palpitations and shortness of breath.274
Iron deficiency or anemia signs and symptoms may include:
Extreme fatigue
Weakness
Pale skin
Chest pain, fast heartbeat or shortness of breath
Headache, dizziness or lightheadedness
Cold hands and feet
Inflammation or soreness of your tongue
Brittle nails
Unusual cravings for non-nutritive substances, such as ice, dirt or starch
Poor appetite, especially in infants and children with iron deficiency anemia
Image: Iron Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)276. The RDA for iron was revised in 2001 and is based on the prevention of ID and maintenance of adequate Fe stores in individuals eating a mixed diet (Food and Nutrition Board).
Copper is involved in the formation of red blood cells, the absorption and utilization of iron, the metabolism of cholesterol and glucose, and the synthesis and release of life-sustaining proteins and enzymes. Copper also helps to neutralize “free-radicals”. Free radicals can cause severe damage to cells.279
Signs of too little copper
Signs of possible copper deficiency include anemia, low body temperature, bone fractures and osteoporosis, low white blood cell count, irregular heartbeat, loss of pigment from the skin, and thyroid problems. 280
Signs of Copper overload
Consuming even relatively small amounts of copper may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Large amounts, can damage the kidneys, inhibit urine production, and cause anemia due to the rupture of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia) and even death.281
Signs and symptoms. Acute symptoms of copper poisoning by ingestion include vomiting, hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hypotension (low blood pressure), melena (black “tarry” feces), coma, jaundice (yellowish pigmentation of the skin), and gastrointestinal distress. 282
Copper overload (or Copperiedus) is a type of metal poisoning caused by an excess of copper in the body. Copperiedus can occur from eating acidic foods cooked in uncoated copper cookware, an IUD, or from exposure to excess copper in drinking water and other environmental sources, or the genetic condition Wilson’s disease. 283
Instances of copper toxicity are often the result of accidental consumption or installation of contaminated water sources, copper salt-containing topical creams for burn treatments or acidic foods cooked in uncoated copper cookware.284
d.5.C.7. Folate or Vitamin B9, not Folic Acid! (s.v.)
Folate needs Vitamin C and Vitamin B12 to be synthesized properly.
Folate is part of the Vitamin C cluster. Find the best food sources here, as well as why it should not be confused with Folic Acid!
There is a huge difference between what the research says and what we are told about Folate and Folic Acid, as well as the interaction between Folate and Vitamin B12.
We are told that Folic Acid and Folate are the same. They are not.
We are told that we should not eat Folate and Vitamin B12 together, while they need each other to make red blood cells.
We are told that Vitamin B12 is fat soluble, while it is water soluble, which means it only stays in our body for 1 or 2 days and we need to eat it daily.
What does it matter? A lot, since both Folate and Vitamin B12 are needed for your mental health!
Folate is a natural B vitamin found in many foods.
Folic acid is synthetic, fat soluble and is only found in fortified foods, like cereals, and supplements. 287
.
So Folate goes through the digestive system and enters the bloodstream through the gut. From there, Folate passes into the liver for processing. Any excess passes to the kidneys, and from the kidneys, it leaves the body in urine.288
By contrast, unmetabolized Folic Acid is stored as fat.
Taking too much of fat-soluble vitamins can cause health problems. The body stores them in fat reserves, so they can build up over time, causing weight gain.
As for Folate, as it dissolves in water, it is very hard to have too much of it, because the body can get rid of excesses easily
So they are very different.
Unmetabolized Folic acid competes with Folate molecules for Folate receptors and might crowd out the real Folate your body gets.289
The abundance of added Folic Acid in the food supply has left way more of it coursing through our veins than was originally intended and there are no long-term trials on the health consequences of having lots of unmetabolized Folic Acid in your body.290
A recent randomized clinical trial suggested that folic acid supplementation (1000 g/d for 6 years) increased the risk of some types of colorectal neoplasia in those with a recent history of colorectal adenomas.291
It is always pretended that Folic Acid masks Vitamin B12 deficiency. But a study done in 2007 shows Folic Acid aggravates Vitamin B12 deficiency, and speaks of a negative interaction between Folic Acid and Vitamin B12.292
Folate needs Vitamin C and Vitamin B12 to metabolize.
Function
Folate is required for numerous body functions including DNA synthesis and repair, cell division, and cell growth.
Folate helps to form DNA and RNA and is involved in protein metabolism. It plays a key role in breaking down homocysteine, an amino acid that can exert harmful effects in the body if it is present in high amounts. Folate is also needed to produce healthy red blood cells and is critical during periods of rapid growth, such as during pregnancy and fetal development.293
Folate is also known as Folacin and Vitamin B9.
Folate helps:
the body form healthy red blood cells
reduce the risk of birth defects called neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, in unborn babies
A lack of Folate could lead to Folate deficiency anaemia.
Signs of Deficiency
Signs of deficiency can include: megaloblastic anemia (a condition arising from a lack of Folate in the diet or poor absorption that produces less red blood cells, and larger in size than normal); weakness, fatigue; irregular heartbeat; shortness of breath; difficulty concentrating; hair loss; pale skin; mouth sores.
A deficiency of Folate can lead to a form of anemia in adults and slower development in children. For pregnant women, Folate is especially important for proper fetal development and preventing neural tube defects.294
The following conditions may put people at increased risk of Folate deficiency:
Both Folate and B12 are involved in making red blood cells, and a shortage of either can result in anemia.
Low levels of B12 can result in a functional Folate deficiency, as Folate becomes trapped in the form of methyltetrahydrofolate. Proper function of the Folate cycle is essential for the synthesis and regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor for enzymes that convert amino acids to monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline) and nitric oxide They’re also heavily involved in red blood cell production and proper function of the nervous system.296
Both Folate and Vitamin B12 deficiency are due to the induction of a functional Folate deficiency, which in turn is induced by Vitamin B12 deprivation. The interrelationship between Folate and Vitamin B12, is best explained by the methyl trap hypothesis stating that Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to lowered levels of methionine synthetase, which results in a functional Folate deficiency by trapping an increased proportion of Folate as the 5-methyl derivative. 297 In addition, as 5-methyl-H4PteGlu is a poor substrate for folylpolyglutamate synthetase, there is a decreased synthesis of folylpolyglutamates and consequently a decreased retention of Folates by tissues. The real Folate deficiency that ensues because of decreased tissue Folate levels is probably as important physiologically as the functional deficiency caused by the methyl trap. The sparing effect of methionine can be explained by adenosylmethionine inhibition of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which would prevent the buildup of 5-methyl-H4PteGlun. A deficiency in Vitamin B12 would not, in itself, be sufficient to cause a disturbance in Folate metabolism. The deficiency would have to result in lowered methyltransferase levels before any such disturbance would be manifest. 298
Alcoholism.
Chronic alcohol exposure impairs folate absorption by inhibiting expression of the reduced Folate carrier and decreasing the hepatic uptake and renal conservation of circulating folate. 299
Pregnancy. The need for Folate increases during pregnancy as it plays a role in the development of cells in the fetus.
Intestinal surgeries or digestive disorders that cause malabsorption. Celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease can decrease the absorption of folate. Surgeries involving the digestive organs or that reduce the normal level of stomach acid may also interfere with absorption.
Genetic variants. People carrying a variant of the gene MTHFR cannot convert folate to its active form to be used by the body.
Overload
Folic AcidToxicity is possible, Folate toxicity is not.
It is extremely rare to reach a toxic level when eating Folate from food sources.
There is danger of Folic Acid toxicity.
Excess Folic Acid may exacerbate weight gain, fat accumulation, and inflammation caused by consumption of a high fat diet. 300
It is always claimed that Folic Acid masks Vitamin B12 deficiency, but a study done in 2007 claims that Folic Acid aggravates B12 deficiency.301
It says:
It is important to maintain adequate levels of both Folate and Vitamin B12.
How much Folate do I need?
Recommended Amounts of Folate
The current daily value (% DV) for Folate is 400μg.
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance for Folate is listed as micrograms (mcg) of dietary folate equivalents (DFE).
Men and women ages 19 years and older should aim for 400 mcg DFE.
Pregnant and lactating women require 600 mcg DFE and 500 mcg DFE, respectively.
People who regularly drink alcohol should aim for at least 600 mcg DFE of folate daily since alcohol can impair its absorption.
Adults need 200 micrograms of Folate a day. A microgram is 1,000 times smaller than a milligram (mg). The word microgram is sometimes written with the Greek symbol μ followed by the letter g (μg).or as mcg.
There are no long-term stores in the body, so you need to eat Folate-containing foods frequently.
If you’re pregnant or could get pregnant.
Though the recommendation for pregnancy is 400-600mcg of Folate, this is the minimal amount needed to prevent birth defects..302
Food Sources Vitamin B9, Folate (s.v.)
Folate is sensitive to destruction by heat, oxidation and UV light. 303 While the raw version of any food will have more Folate than the heated one, there is still enough left in heated foods.
Image: Vitamin B9, Folate food sources (s.v.) 304Chickpeas, Peanuts, Raw organic Sunflower seeds, Cranberry Beans, Raw Spinach, Lentils, Roman Beans, Raw Broccoli, Pinto Beans Asparagus, Cooked Spinach, Lettuce, Kidney Beans, Avocado, Cooked Broccoli and Green Peas
Combine Vitamin B0, Folate with Vitamin B12, Cobalamin
Food sources Vitamin B12, Cobalamin to combine with Vitamin B9, Folate
Image: Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources (s.v.)305: Kombucha, Chiorella, Nori, Shiitake mushrooms, Swiss cheese, Emmentaler, Brie, Oyster mushrooms,and also black trumpet mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, parasol mushroom and black morels, Yogurt, Kefir
d.5.D. Vitamin D Cluster: 1.Vitamin D through Sunlight, 2. Vitamin B5 for Co Enzyme A for cholesterol, 3. Calcium, 4. Magnesium, 5. Vitamin K2, 6. Lysine.7. Phosphorus 8. Sulfur9. Zinc (s.v.)
We need Vitamin D to get Calcium out of food, you need Magnesiumto remove Calcium from kidneys, muscles and heart to the blood, and we needVitamin K2 to move Calcium from the blood to the bones,
Vitamin D is made from cholesterol and UVB light.
UVB rays from the midday sun synthesize Vitamin D from cholesterol. Vitamin B5has a role in synthesizing coenzyme A. Coenzyme A is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and is important for converting foods into fatty acids and cholesterol, from which Vitamin D is synthesized with the help of sunlight.
Lysine also helps Calcium to be absorbed in the bones. Olive oil also helps with Calcium absorption.
Zinc is directly linked to Calcium. Hyper calcemia means Zinc deficiency.
Vitamin D is blocked by statins, cigarettes, high fructose corn syrup, and overuse of alcohol.
d.5.D.1. Vitamin D through Sunlight (s.v.)
The best time to get vitamin D from the sun is when it is at its highest, which is around noon, depending on the season between 10 am and 3 pm or between 11 am and 2 pm. The sun’s angle needs to be between 35 degrees and 145 degrees so you get UVB rays, the ones that make vitamin d. See image below:
The solar zenith angle is the angle between the sun and the vertical Y axis, the pole where you are standing. The zenith angle is similar to the elevation angle but it is measured from the vertical Y axis rather than from the horizontal X axis, thus making the zenith angle = 90° – elevation. 42.1 With the sun directly overhead you thus have zenith zero, and at sunrise zenith 90.
In the example above the solar elevation is about 60 degrees and the zenith is 90-60 is 30 degrees. Thus zenith +elevation always equals 90.308
The following chart shows how long you need to stay in the sun to get the RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of Vitamin D, which is 800IU) IU stands for International Units,. Divide it by 40000 to get to the number of milligrams, which is 0.02.
The following chart shows how long you need to stay in the sun to get the RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of Vitamin D, which is 800IU) IU stands for International Units,. Divide it by 40000 to get to the number of milligrams, which is 0.02.
d.5.D.2. Vitamin B5, Pentathonic Acid, for Co Enzyme A for cholesterol (s.v.)
Vitamin D is made from sunlight and cholesterol, and cholesterol is made from Co Enzyme A, which is made from Vitamin B5, also called Pantothenic Acid.
Pantothenic acid has a number of functions, including cholesterol- and triglyceride-lowering properties, improves wound healing, decreases inflammation and improves mental health.310
So while Pantothenic Acid makes Co Enzyme A which makes Cholesterol, Vitamin B5 decreases the need for cholesterol as a way to repair cells, because Vitamin B4 decreases inflammation and repairs cells itself.
Deficiency symptoms
A deficiency of B5 can cause an increased sensitivity to insulin
Rheumatoid arthritis
Some researchers have found that people with rheumatoid arthritis have lower levels of vitamin B5.
Clinical trials have shown that a deficiency may lead to:
Headache
Fatigue
Irritability, restlessness
Disturbed sleep
Nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps
Numbness or burning sensation in hands or feet
Muscle cramps
tiredness
apathy
depression
stomach pains
nausea
vomiting
muscle cramps
hypoglycemia
burning feet
upper respiratory infections
In mice, a vitamin B5 deficiency led to skin irritation and graying of the fur, but this was reversed when pantothenic acid was given.
When the level of B5 intake is restored to normal, many of these symptoms are reversed.
Overload
What happens if I take too much pantothenic acid?
There’s not enough evidence to know what the effects might be of taking high daily doses of pantothenic acid supplements.
Pantothenic acid overload has not been observed from food sources. With very large daily doses of 10 grams a day, stomach upset or mild diarrhea has been reported. However, this is rare and a Tolerable Upper Intake Level for pantothenic acid has not been established.
What blocks B5?
Heat. Vitamin C, thiamine (B1) and pantothenic acid (B5) are all “sensitive” or “highly sensitive” to damage by heat. Probiotic cultures are even more delicate and cannot live above 120 °F, or 48,8 degrees Celsius, as is the case with virtually all bacteria and yeast
Recommended Amounts
Pantothenic acid cannot be stored in the body, so you need it in your diet every day.311
RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for men and women ages 19+ years is 5 mg daily. For pregnancy and lactation, the amount increases to 6 mg and 7 mg daily, respectively.
UL: A Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum daily dose unlikely to cause adverse side effects. An UL has not been established for pantothenic acid, because a toxic level has not been observed from high intakes.45.2312
Recommended daily intake
Infants 0-6 months – 1.7 milligrams (mg) per day
Infants 7-12 months – 1.8 mg per day
Children 1 -3 years – 2 mg per day
Children 4-8 years – 3 mg per day
Children 9-13 years – 4 mg per day
Males and females 14 years and over – 5 mg per day
Pregnant women – 6 mg per day
Breastfeeding women – 7 mg per day
Vitamin B5 is soluble in water and is excreted in urine. Our bodies do not store it, and we need to consume it every day to replenish supplies.
Food sources of Vitamin B5, Pentothenic Acid (s.v.)
Our bodies need calcium, vitamin D, protein, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium.314 Sulfur315,Zinc316, boron, copper, iron, Vitamin K2 and Lysine for building bones317
Calcium is a mineral involved in a large number of vital functions, primarily bone health.
It is necessary for the growth and maintenance of strong teeth and bones, nerve signaling, muscle contraction, and secretion of certain hormones and enzymes.
Signs of Calcium Deficiency
Osteoporosis(s.v.)
A deficiency in calcium can lead to numbness in the fingers and toes, muscle cramps, convulsions, lethargy, loss of appetite, and abnormal heart rhythms. A long-term deficiency can lead to bone loss (osteopenia) and fragile bones (osteoporosis).318
A deficiency in calcium can lead to numbness in the fingers and toes, muscle cramps, convulsions, lethargy, loss of appetite, and abnormal heart rhythms. A long-term deficiency can lead to bone loss (osteopenia) and fragile bones (osteoporosis).320
An observation made in the 1980s drew attention to the relationship between calcium intake and preeclampsia/eclampsia during pregnancy322
Health Benefits of Calcium(s.v.)
Bone Health– Adequate intake of calcium during childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood up to age 30 is essential to increase bone mass. The higher the bone mass at this age, the lower the risk of osteoporosis.323
Many factors lead to osteoporosis and affect its severity. The evidence is mixed regarding whether a diet high in calcium actually benefits those with osteoporosis. 324The U.S. Food and Drug Administration does however suggest that a diet high in calcium, in combination with vitamin D and regular exercise can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.325
Lower Blood Pressure– There is mixed evidence regarding whether increased calcium intakes lower or raise blood pressure. This study claims there is decrease in blood pressure with increased calcium uptake. 326And this one says Calcium supplementation may lead to a small reduction in systolic but not diastolic blood pressure327.
Several studies report that those who obtain calcium from plant sources are likely to have lower blood pressure and reduced risk of heart disease.59 healthy, omnivorous subjects aged 25-63 years were randomly allocated to a control group, which ate an omnivorous diet for 14 weeks, or to one of two experimental groups, whose members ate an omnivorous diet for the first 2 weeks and a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet for one of two 6-week experimental periods. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures did not change in the control group but fell significantly in both experimental groups during the vegetarian diet and rose significantly in the experimental group which reverted to the omnivorous diet. Adjustment of the blood-pressure changes for age, obesity, heart rate, weight change, and blood pressure before dietary change indicated a diet-related fall of some 5-6 mm Hg systolic and 2-3 mm Hg diastolic. Although the nutrient(s) causing these blood-pressure changes are unknown, the effects were apparently not mediated by changes in sodium or potassium intake.328
Conversely, those who predominantly consume their calcium from salty cheeses are more likely to have higher blood pressure and increased risk of heart disease.329
Reduced Risk of Colon Cancer (*Controversial) – Several observational studies link a higher intake of calcium with reduced colon cancer risk.330 However, various other studies report the results to be inconclusive when compared to a placebo group.331
Impairment of the Kidneys – Extremely high levels of calcium, often associated with hyperparathyroidism, as opposed to food or supplement intake, can impair functioning of the kidneys, and lead to reduced absorption of other essential minerals, such as iron, and zinc.333
Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease– Some studies show that taking calcium supplements in excess of 500mg daily can increase risk of cardiovascular diseases.334
Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer Several studies have found a link between increased calcium intake, or 2.5 servings of dairy foods, and increased risk of prostate cancer. It is inconclusive whether the dairy products or the calcium increases the risk. 335
However, several other studies have found no association between prostate cancer and calcium, suggesting that calcium from plant foods is better than from dairy products.336
Decreased Absorption of Certain Medications – Excessive intake of calcium can decrease the absorption of the following:
Amount of Calcium Consumed – The more calcium you consume, the less you absorb. Though consuming more calcium will increase your total level.339
Age – Children absorb about 60% of the calcium from foods, while adults absorb only 20%.340
Pregnancy – Pregnant women absorb more calcium.341
Vitamin D Intake – Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption. It can be found in foods or created by exposing skin to sunshine.342
Phytic and Oxalic Acid – phytic and oxalic acid affect calcium absorption,343
The percent daily value already accounts for this absorption factor. High amounts of oxalic acid are found in plant foods like spinach, collard greens, sweet potatoes, rhubarb, and beans. 344
Phytic acid is found in whole bread and wheat bran. It is difficult to separate the effects of fiber and phytic acid in cereal products, because they occur together in these foods.345
Sodium, Protein, Alcohol, Fructose Caffeine – A diet high in sodium, protein, alcohol, and caffeine can reduce the absorption and retention of calcium by causing more calcium to be excreted. Alcohol also interferes with the metabolism of vitamin D.346
Tobacco and Alcohol do so by inhibiting the metabolism of Vitamin D. More about that under Vitamin D inhibitors.
Sodium, Protein, and Caffeine: enhance the excretion of calcium, 347
But at the same time they counter hypercalcemia for a diet that is high in calcium and Vitamin D, which explains why people who start diets to improve their life style need to beware of the symptoms of hypercalcemia 348and find healthy ways to counter this, like apple cider vinegar.349
How high sodium intake lowers Calcium(s.v.)
When sodium intake becomes too high, the body gets rid of sodium via the urine, taking calcium with it, which depletes calcium stores in the body. High levels of calcium in the urine lead to the development of kidney stones, while inadequate levels of calcium in the body lead to thin bones and osteoporosis.350
When sodium leaves a body, it takes calcium along with it, creating risk for kidney stones and osteoporosis.351
Caffeine(s.v.)
Current evidence relates caffeine intake to calcium metabolism352. It has been demonstrated that caffeine negatively influences calcium balance by reducing renal reabsorption of calcium, and possibly by reducing intestinal calcium absorption.353
Oral doses of caffeine increase the urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride for at least 3 hours after consumption. 354
Caffeine intake is associated with higher levels of both urinary calcium and intestinal calcium secretion.355
Any beverage or food containing caffeine such as coffee, tea, chocolate and some sodas can inhibit the absorption of vitamins and minerals and increase their excretion from the body.356
Animal Protein
It is well established that dietary protein increases endogenous acid production. In response to the acid load, bone may be called upon as a reservoir of alkali, and, as a consequence, bone calcium is mobilized.357
The average American diet, which is high in protein and low in fruits and vegetables, generates a large amount of acid, mainly as sulfates and phosphates.358
The kidneys respond to this dietary acid challenge with net acid excretion, as well as ammonium and titratable acid excretion. 359
Concurrently, the skeleton supplies buffer by active resorption of bone.360
Indeed, calciuria is directly related to net acid excretion. Different food proteins differ greatly in their potential acid load, and therefore in their acidogenic effect.361
A diet high in acid-ash proteins causes excessive calcium loss because of its acidogenic content.362
The addition of exogenous buffers, as chemical salts or as fruits and vegetables, to a high protein diet results in a less acid urine, a reduction in net acid excretion, reduced ammonium and titratable acid excretion, and decreased calciuria.
Bone resorption may be halted, and bone accretion may actually occur.363
Alkali buffers, whether chemical salts or dietary fruits and vegetables high in potassium, reverse acid-induced obligatory urinary calcium loss.364
So excessive dietary protein from foods with high potential renal acid load adversely affects bone, unless buffered by the consumption of alkali-rich foods.365
Most fruits and vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes are alkaline-promoting foods.366
Dairy, eggs, meat, most grains, fall on the acid side.367
Alkaline: fruits, nuts, legumes, and vegetables368
The acidity or alkalinity is about the metabolic waste, not about the blood, since blood pH is strictly regulated and stable.369
Risk of a Calcium Deficiency
Postmenopausal women370 – Due to a reduced level of the hormone estrogen, calcium absorption decreases in menopausal women. 371Estrogen rich foods are Flax seeds, Dried fruits (prunes, apricots, dates). sesame seeds, garlic, peaches, berries, wheat bran, cruciferous vegetables (Cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage),372
Raisins on the other hand lower estrogen and heighten testosterone .373
Resveratrol, a powerful antioxidant found in raisins, has been linked to increased testosterone levels and lowered estrogen levels. 374
Lastly, raisins are a high-quality source of boron, which has been linked to increased testosterone in several scientific studies.375
Other testosterone level raising foods are raw cocoa and oysters. 376
Other risks of Calcium Deficiency: Women who miss their menstrual period (Amenorrhea) – Amenorrhea is a condition that typically occurs in anorexic women, or women who are athletes. This is again due to a reduced level of estrogen. Increased intake of calcium foods is recommended.377
lactose intolerance378– People with lactose intolerance consume fewer dairy products, which is said to reduce the amount of calcium consumed. 379However, this is not necessary since in fact there is more calcium in some vegetables than there is in dairy products.
Certain Medicationscan also cause Calcium Deficiency:
It is not only not true Vegetarians and Vegansare at greater risk for Calcium deficiency, they are in fact better off than meat eaters!381 – Oxalic and phytic acids found primarily in plant products are thought to reduce absorption of calcium. However, consumption of meats has also been shown to increase the excretion of calcium. Besides, the effect of phytic acid can be countered with Phytate, which is in seaweed, and it can be countered with organic apple cider vinegar. And research shows the Calcium absorption from certain vegetables, like kale is, higher than that from milk!382
Kidney Stones– At least one clinical trial has shown that 7 years of vitamin D and calcium supplementation is associated with increased risk of kidney stone risk.383
Signs of Calcium Toxicity
Conversely, excess calcium (particularly from supplements) can lead to kidney stones, calcification of soft tissue, and increased risk of vascular diseases like stroke and heart attack.384
Calcium overdose can also lead to Zinc deficiency,, the symptoms of which are, among others, lower immune response and loss of taste and smell385. Sound familiar?
What is the DV for calcium?
The daily value (DV) for calcium is 1300mg.
Too much calcium to build up in the body (hypercalcaemia).
This can weaken the bones and damage the kidneys and the heart386
nausea, loss of appetite, thirst, urinating more or less than usual, body aches, stiffness, confusion, or irregular heartbeats.
growth problems (in a child taking ergocalciferol)388; or
early signs of vitamin D overdose–
weakness,
metallic taste in your mouth
weight loss,
muscle or bone pain
constipation
nausea
vomiting.
Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis): Taking vitamin D could make this condition worse, especially in people with kidney disease.
A type of fungal infection called histoplasmosis: Vitamin D may increase calcium levels in people with histoplasmosis. This could lead to kidney stones and other problems.
High levels of calcium in the blood: Taking vitamin D could make this condition worse.
Over-active parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism): Vitamin D may increase calcium levels in people with hyperparathyroidism.
Lymphoma: Vitamin D may increase calcium levels in people with lymphoma. This could lead to kidney stones and other problems.
Kidney disease: Vitamin D may increase calcium levels and increase the risk of “hardening of the arteries” in people with serious kidney disease. This must be balanced with the need to prevent renal osteodystrophy, a bone disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to maintain the proper levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. Calcium levels should be monitored carefully in people with kidney disease.
A disease that causes swelling (inflammation) in body organs, usually the lungs or lymph nodes (sarcoidosis): Vitamin D may increase calcium levels in people with sarcoidosis. This could lead to kidney stones and other problems.
Tuberculosis: Vitamin D might increase calcium levels in people with tuberculosis. This might result in complications such as kidney stones.
Conclusions and relevance:Vitamin D supplementation is ineffective as an agent for lowering Blood Pressure and thus should not be used as an antihypertensive agent.
Signs of Calcium Overload
Conversely, excess calcium (particularly from supplements) can lead to kidney stones, calcification of soft tissue, and increased risk of vascular diseases like stroke and heart attack.389
Kidney Stones390– At least one clinical trial has shown that 7 years of vitamin D and calcium supplementation is associated with increased risk of kidney stone risk.
Calcium overload can also lead to Zinc deficiency,, the symptoms of which are, among others, lower immune response and loss of taste and smell. 391Sound familiar?392
Magnesium brings Calcium from the organs to the blood., and Magnesium also enhances Oxytocin.
You need magnesium to move calcium from kidneys, muscles and heart to the blood.
Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and plays an important physiological role in many of its functions. Magnesium balance is maintained by renal regulation of magnesium reabsorption. The exact mechanism of the renal regulation is not fully understood. The term “renal” refers to the kidney. For example, renal failure means kidney failure.395 Magnesium deficiency is a common problem in hospital patients, with a prevalence of about 10%. There are no readily available and easy methods to assess magnesium status. Serum magnesium and the magnesium tolerance test are the most widely used. Measurement of ionized magnesium may become more widely available with the availability of ion selective electrodes.396
Magnesium deficiency and hypomagnesaemia can result from a variety of causes including gastrointestinal and renal losses. Magnesium deficiency can cause a wide variety of features including hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia and cardiac and neurological manifestations. Chronic low magnesium state has been associated with a number of chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and osteoporosis. The use of magnesium as a therapeutic agent in asthma, myocardial infarction, and pre-eclampsia is also discussed.397
Hypermagnesaemia is less frequent than hypomagnesaemia and results from failure of excretion or increased intake. Hypermagnesaemia can lead to hypotension and other cardiovascular effects as well as neuromuscular manifestations.
Function
Magnesium is an essential mineral required by the body for muscle and nerve function, maintaining heart rhythm, building strong bones398 and energy production. The secretion and action of insulin also require magnesium.
About 60% of the magnesium in your body is found in bone, while the rest is in muscles, soft tissues and fluids, including blood.
In fact, every cell in your body contains it and needs it to function.
One of magnesium’s main roles is acting as a cofactor or helper molecule in the biochemical reactions continuously performed by enzymes.
Magnesium is involved in more than 600 reactions in your body, including
Energy creation:399Helps convert food into energy.
Protein formation:400Helps create new proteins from amino acids.
Gene maintenance:401Helps create and repair DNA and RNA.
Muscle movements:402Is part of the contraction and relaxation of muscles.
Nervous system regulation:403Helps regulate neurotransmitters, which send messages throughout your brain and nervous system.404
Magnesium plays a critical role in brain function 405and mood: Magnesium supplementation has been linked to improvement in depression symptoms, Stress. Physical and emotional stress drain the body of magnesium. In fact, studies show inverse relationships between serum cortisol and magnesium—the higher the magnesium, the lower the cortisol. 406
It Has Benefits Against Type 2 Diabetes People who get the most magnesium have a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, Magnesium has shown to lower blood sugar in some people.
Magnesium Reduces Insulin Resistance
Magnesium Has Anti-Inflammatory Benefits
Magnesium Can Help Prevent Migraines
Magnesium Improves PMS Symptoms
Deficiency symptoms
A deficiency in magnesium can lead to numbness, muscle cramps, seizures, abnormal heart rhythms, and coronary spasms.
Depression: A variety of neuromuscular and psychiatric symptoms, including different types of depression, was observed in magnesium deficiency.407
Low magnesium intake is linked to chronic inflammation, which is one of the drivers of aging, obesity and chronic disease.408
Magnesium Overload symptoms
Conversely, consuming too much magnesium typically causes diarrhea and nausea as the body attempts to excrete the excess.409
RDA Magnesium(s.v.)
The current daily value (DV) for magnesium is 420 mg.
What enhances magnesium absorption?
Increased intakes of protein and fructose from fruit improve apparent magnesium absorption (magnesium intake minus fecal excretion) in humans, whereas a lowering effect occurs with consumption of cellulose and phytic acid410
Increased intakes of protein and fructose from fruit improve apparent magnesium absorption (magnesium intake minus fecal excretion) in humans, whereas a lowering effect occurs with consumption of cellulose and phytic acid412
Olive oil also enhances magnesium absorption.
d.5.D.5. Vitamin K2Menaquinone (s.v.)
Vitamin K2 brings Calcium from the blood to the bones.
K2 is not the same as K1. Often K1 sources will be listed as K2 sources.
Function: In controlled studies in people, researchers have also observed that vitamin K2 supplements generally improve bone and heart health, while vitamin K1 has no significant benefits.413
K1 is converted into K2 in the gut, but since this conversion happens inefficiently, we need to get K2 from the diet. 414
You need Vitamin K2 to move Calcium from the blood to the bones. 415
Vitamin K2 in particular has been demonstrated to restore mitochondrial function and has a key role in production of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that dietary supplementation with vitamin K2 could increase the function of muscle with high mitochondrial content (ie, skeletal and cardiac muscle).416
Facilitation of blood clotting.
Another task of vitamin K2 is to prevent calcium deposits in blood vessels and cartilage.
The regulation of cell division is also dependent on vitamin K2.
Vitamin K2 helps repair processes in the liver, kidneys, nerve cells, blood vessels and eyes.
Thanks to vitamin K2, bone resorption is inhibited in women after the menopause.
Vitamin K-2 acts as an essential cofactor to prevent calcification of our blood vessels. Vitamin K-2 acts to prevent calcification of arteries, and it can reverse calcification after it happens.
In general, vitamin K2 ensures the maintenance of normal bones. Vitamin K 2can both accelerate bone growth at a young age and slow down its breakdown in old age. Vitamin K2 ensures an adequate mineral content in our bone tissue, which ensures firm and strong bones.
Vitamin K2 reduces the risk of developing osteoporosis. With a vitamin K2 deficiency, the calcium is not stored in the bones and this leads to osteoporosis.
According to some studies, vitamin K2 is said to have positive effects on memory, especially in old age.
Vitamin K2 is also said to help against high blood pressure and other cardiovascular diseases.417
Health benefits(s.v.)
Heart Health(s.v.)
Vitamin K2 moves calcium from the blood to the bones, and this effect helps prevent hard deposits, or plaque, (calcium and fatty material) from forming in artery walls. Smooth and flexible blood vessels ensure healthy circulation418, reducing the risk of harmful blood clots and heart disease.419
This effect may come from vitamin K2 alone. Studies show that a person’s risk of dying from heart disease falls by 9% for every 10 micrograms consumed a day, but found no association with K1 intake.420
Studies show higher vitamin K2 intake reduces the risk of dying from heart disease with 57%.
In the Rotterdam Study421, a large-scale, population-based study with 4,807 Dutch women and men (age: 55+), the effect of dietary vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 over a 10-year period (1990 to 2000) was investigated with regard to the risk of coronary heart disease, arterial calcification and overall mortality422. This study found that vitamin K1 (intake: ∼250 μg/day) had no protective effect on the cardiovascular system or overall mortality. Vitamin K2 (intake: ∼25 μg/day) reduced the relative risk of dying of heart disease by 57%. Vitamin K2 also markedly reduced the occurrence of coronary heart disease (by 41%) and overall mortality (by 36%). Vitamin K2 even reduced the risk of severe arterial calcification by 52% (OR: 0.48)423424
Vitamin K-dependent proteins, including matrix Gla-protein, have been shown to inhibit vascular calcification. Activation of these proteins via carboxylation depends on the availability of vitamin K. We examined whether dietary intake of phylloquinone (vitamin K-1) and Menaquinone (vitamin K-2) were related to aortic calcification and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the population-based Rotterdam Study. The analysis included 4807 subjects with dietary data and no history of myocardial infarction at baseline (1990-1993) who were followed until January 1, 2000. The risk of incident CHD, all-cause mortality, and aortic atherosclerosis was studied in tertiles of energy-adjusted vitamin K intake after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, smoking, diabetes, education, and dietary factors. The relative risk (RR) of CHD mortality was reduced in the mid and upper tertiles of dietary Menaquinone compared to the lower tertile [RR = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.45, 1.17) and 0.43 (0.24, 0.77), respectively]. Intake of Menaquinone was also inversely related to all-cause mortality [RR = 0.91 (0.75, 1.09) and 0.74 (0.59, 0.92), respectively] and severe aortic calcification [odds ratio of 0.71 (0.50, 1.00) and 0.48 (0.32, 0.71), respectively]. Phylloquinone intake was not related to any of the outcomes. These findings suggest that an adequate intake of Menaquinone could be important for CHD prevention426.
In a new study,427 scientists have presented powerful evidence that vitamin K2 can reduce the progression of atherosclerosis, the “blockage” of the arteries that can lead to heart attacks and strokes428.
Strong Bones
Our bodies need calcium to build and maintain bones. When it breaks down calcium in our bodies, vitamin K2 activates a protein that helps the mineral bind to our bones to do its job.
While research is ongoing, studies show a higher K2 intake improves bone density and reduces the risk of bone fractures.
Anticancer Properties(s.v.)
Researchers have found that vitamin K2 may slow or stop cancer cell activity.
Other studies show this may improve survival rates and reduce cancer’s recurrence. However, these studies have focused on only certain cancers, like liver and prostate, so much more research is needed.
RDA of K2(s.v.)
Scientists studying vitamin K2’s effects suggest its benefits come with a daily intake of between 10 and 45 micrograms429
Consequences of too little:
A vitamin K2 deficiency leads to calcium deposits in our artery walls, which can affect the functions of kidneys and the brain.
Without vitamin K2, the calcium metabolism does not work and the mineral content decreases. Bones can become porous on this.
Without vitamin K2, no coagulation factors can be produced to stop bleeding.430
Consequences of too much(s.v.)
These only occur with excessive artificial supplementation or injection and can include:
Decreased appetite
decreased movement or activity
difficulty in breathing
enlarged liver
general body swelling
irritability
muscle stiffness
paleness
yellow eyes or skin
Rare
Difficulty in swallowing
fast or irregular breathing
lightheadedness or fainting
shortness of breath
skin rash, hives and/or itching
swelling of eyelids, face, or lips
tightness in chest
troubled breathing and/or wheezing
Rare
Blue color or flushing or redness of skin
dizziness
fast and/or weak heartbeat
increased sweating
low blood pressure (temporary)
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
But a catch for cheese as vitamin K2 source is that the animals it comesfrom need to have eaten K1 to be able to eat K2.
It is always claimed that we cannot make enough Vitamin K2 ourselves, but since Kefir has lactobacillus Lactus, and Kefir has the sameeffect as vitamin K2, and Lactobacillus Lactus is the most prevalent gut microbiome in humans, there is no reason we would not be able to make enough
Food sources Vitamin K1, phyloquinone and Kefir for optimal Vitamin K2 (s.v.)
Image: Food sources Vitamin K1, phyloquinone and Kefir for optimal Vitamin K2 (s.v.)436, milk kefi or water kefir for lactobacillus lactis, Parsley, Swiss Chard, Kale, Mustard Greens, Dandelion Greens, Beet Greens, Collard Greens, Broccoli, Cabbage, Prunes, Kiwi, Green Beans and Avocado.
d.5.D.6. Lysine(s.v.)
Lysine helps the body absorb calcium and reduces the amount of calcium that is lost in urine.437
Function of Lysine (s.v.)
Lysine is one of the essential amino acids that your body needs to build proteins. Since our bodies can’t produce essential amino acids, including lysine in your diet is the only way to make sure you’re getting it.
Lysine plays an important role in supporting your immune system. It may also improve athletic performance. People with certain health conditions, like the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and diabetes, may also benefit from consuming extra lysine.
Why You Need Lysine(s.v.)
Since there are 21 different amino acids, tracking how much you are getting of each one would be a difficult task. If you are getting adequate protein, you are probably getting enough lysine. Adults need about 7 grams (g) of protein for every 20 pounds of body weight, so a person weighing 160 pounds would need 56g.
Lysine plays several roles in the body, including two very important ones:
It helps the body create collagen, which is present in bones and connective tissues such as skin and cartilage.
It produces carnitine, which converts fatty acids into energy in a process that also lowers cholesterol.
Lysine is sometimes combined with another amino acid, arginine. Scientists say that the two amino acids use the same pathways in the body. Therefore, taking arginine might lower your lysine levels.
As an essential amino acid, lysine is important to health. Although evidence is inconclusive, it has been used for these purposes:
1. Muscle Strength
Athletes have used some amino acids, including lysine, in supplement form to increase muscular strength. Research has failed to prove that lysine improves muscle strength more than strength training alone. One study of older adults showed that taking a combination of three amino acids, including lysine, improved lean body mass.
2. Bone Health
Lysine can help the body absorb calcium, and it can reduce the amount of calcium lost in your urine. Researchers have theorized that lysine could prevent osteoporosis, but they have found no evidence that this is true.
3. Mouth Health
Lysine has been used as a treatment for cold sores caused by the herpes simplex virus and for canker sores. Researchers have not found conclusive evidence that lysine is effective for these problems.
4. Anti-anxiety Effects
Some studies have looked at whether lysine and arginine could reduce anxiety. In two studies, the subjects showed reduced levels of the stress hormone cortisol.438
The study Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans by
R Civitelli 1, D T Villareal, D Agnusdei, P Nardi, L V Avioli, C Gennari published Nov-Dec 1992, says:
Calcium deficiency contributes to age-related bone loss; 439
Bone Health(s.v.)
Lysine can help the body absorb calcium, and it can reduce the amount of calcium lost in your urine. Researchers have theorized that lysine could prevent osteoporosis, but they have found no evidence that this is true.440
Consequently, any preventive approach to osteoporosis should include dietary Calcium.
L-lysine, can increase Calcium absorption.
Lysineis also an anti viral.
A great many virusesincluding HSV and Cytomeglavirus require Arginine to replicate and are inhibited by Lysine. You can drastically reduce your viral load by making sure that every meal (and every snack) you eat contains more Lysinethan Arginine.
RDA for lysine(s.v.)
Researchers estimate that a 70 kilogram (kg) person needs around 800–3,000 mg of lysine per day. A person’s body weight affects how much they need as follow
Dosage recommendations for lysine vary according to what you’re using it for. The typical dietary guideline for lysine is 1 gram (g) or 1000 milligrams (mg) per day.442
Food sources Lysine (s.v.)
Image: Lysine food sources 443: Chiorella, Spirulina, Parmesan Cheese, Pumpkin Seeds, Pistachio’s, Sunflower seeds, Red Bell Peppers, Green bell Peppers, Leeks, Quinoa, Amaranth, Buckwheat, Red Kidney beans, Chick Peas, Sesame Seeds, Lentils.
d.5.D.7. Phosphorus(s.v.)
calcium needs phosphorus to make your teeth and bones strong444and create healthy bones445 create energy and make new cells446.
Function of Phosphorus(s.v.)
Phosphorus plays an important role in keeping you healthy, so it’s an important part of your diet449.
One of its main tasks is to serve as a building block for healthy teeth and bones450.You may think that’s calcium’s job. But calcium needs phosphorus to make your teeth and bones strong451 and create healthy bones452 create energy and make new cells453.
Phosphorus also helps your nerves and muscles do their jobs454.
It’s a buffer that keeps the pH level in your blood balanced455.
Phosphorus also helps you turn fat, carbs, and protein 456into energy.
And if phosphorus helps turn fat, carbs and protein into energy, you would expect that it aids in weight loss, and that low phosphorus can lead to weight gain.
And indeed, this is the case:
Low phosphorus status has been positively associated with increased body weight469.
Low phosphorus may cause kidney stones:
Low phosphorus status has been positively associated with increased body weight470.
Nerve disorders
Osteomalacia(s.v.)
Osteomalacia refers to a marked softening of your bones,.
Rhabdomyolysis is a serious syndrome due to a direct or indirect muscle injury. It results from the death of muscle fibers and release of their contents into the bloodstream. This can lead to serious complications such as renal (kidney) failure. This means the kidneys cannot remove waste and concentrated urine. In rare cases, Rhabdomyolysis can even cause death. However, prompt treatment often brings a good outcome. Here’s what you need to know about Rhabdomyolysis.
The “classic triad” of Rhabdomyolysis symptoms are: muscle pain in the shoulders, thighs, or lower back; muscle weakness or trouble moving arms and legs; and dark red or brown urine or decreased urination. Half of people with the condition may have no muscle-related symptoms.
Other common signs of Rhabdomyolysis include:
Abdominal pain
Nausea or vomiting
Fever, rapid heart rate
Confusion, dehydration, fever, or lack of consciousness471
Peripheral neuropathy(s.v.)
Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to the nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves), often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in the hands and feet. It can also affect other areas and body functions including digestion, urination and circulation472
Risks of Too Much Phosphorus(s.v.)
While phosphorus is beneficial for most people, it can be harmful when consumed in excess. People with kidney disease can have trouble removing it from their blood and may need to limit their phosphorus intake 473.
Symptoms of too much phosphorus are:
High levels of phosphorus can cause
your bones to lose calcium or
calcium deposits to form in your blood vessels, eyes, heart, and lungs.
If you have too much phosphorus in your body for a long period of time, your chance of a heart attack476 or stroke 477goes up478.
High phosphate levels cause calcium levels in the blood to drop.
When blood pH levels become too high, and thus the blood too alkaline it is called alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis can have central nervous system manifestations ranging from confusion to coma, peripheral neuropathic symptoms of tremor, tingling and numbness, muscle weakness and twitching, and arrhythmias, particularly when associated with hypokalemia and hypocalcemia1227.
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there isn’t enough carbon dioxide in your bloodstream. It’s often caused by:
hyperventilation, which commonly occurs with anxiety
high fever
lack of oxygen
salicylate poisoning
being in high altitudes
liver disease
lung disease
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis develops when your body loses too much acid or gains too much base. This can be attributed to:
excess vomiting, which causes electrolyte loss
overuse of diuretics
adrenal disease
a large loss of potassium or sodium in a short amount of time
antacids
accidental ingestion of bicarbonate, which can be found in baking soda
laxatives
alcohol abuse
Hypochloremic alkalosis(s.v.)
Hypochloremic alkalosis occurs when there’s a significant decline of chloride in your body. This can be due to prolonged vomiting or sweating. Chloride is an important chemical needed to maintain balance in bodily fluids, and it’s an essential part of your body’s digestive fluids.
Hypokalemic alkalosis(s.v.)
Hypokalemic alkalosis occurs when your body lacks the normal amount of the mineral potassium. You normally get potassium from your food, but not eating enough of it is rarely the cause of a potassium deficiency. Kidney disease, excessive sweating, and diarrhea are just a few ways you can lose too much potassium. Potassium is essential to the proper functioning of the:
heart
kidneys
muscles
nervous system
digestive system
Symptoms of alkalosis(s.v.)
Early symptoms(s.v.)
Symptoms of alkalosis can vary. In the early stages of the condition, you may have:
nausea
numbness
prolonged muscle spasms
muscle twitching
hand tremors
Serious symptoms(s.v.)
If alkalosis isn’t treated right away, severe symptoms can develop. These symptoms could lead to shock or coma. Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience any of these symptoms:
dizziness
difficulty breathing
confusion
stupor
coma
Metabolic acidosis symptoms(s.v.)
Some of the common symptoms of metabolic acidosis include the following:
rapid and shallow breathing
confusion
fatigue
headache
sleepiness
lack of appetite
jaundice
increased heart rate
breath that smells fruity, which is a sign of diabetic acidosis (ketoacidosis)
Without prompt treatment, acidosis may lead to the following health complications:
The recommended daily intake (RDI) for adults is 700 mg, but growing teens and pregnant women need more. The daily value (DV) was estimated to be 1,000 mg, but was recently updated to 1,250 mg to cover the needs of these groups485.
Emanuel Revici and Johanna Budwig both, independently of one another, discovered the benefits of sulfur combined with Alpha-Linolenic-Acid to fight cancer.
Be careful not to confuse sulfur with sulfite, sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfide. See chapter 5.5.
Sulfur, calcium490, and phosphorus 491are the three most abundant minerals in the human body492. They are all connected to Vitamin D, and thus to sunlight,
d.5.D.8.2.Organosulfur(s.v.)
Helps inhibit the growth of cancer cells in the esophagus, breasts, and lungs,
The major organosulfur compounds present in Allium sativum.493Organosulfur compounds of garlic:
The primary sulfur-containing compounds in cruciferous vegetables, known as glucosinolates, may contribute to lower incidences of cardiovascular disease.
Food sources Glucosinulates (s.v.)
Image: Glucosinulates food sources (s.v.)495Broccoliand Cauliflower are rich in glucosinolates496
d.5.D.8.4.Sulforaphane(s.v.)
497.Sulforaphane498 is the inactive form glucoraphanin belonging to the glucosinolate family. Found in cruciferous vegetables, this compound is recognized for its antioxidant and anti-cancer effects49
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a sulfur-containing compound found in plant- and animal-based foods.
Glucosinolates have also been shown to reduce the risk of developing certain neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease502.Research has demonstrated that MSM may reduce inflammation and decrease joint and muscle pain503 A randomized, double-blind study found that individuals with osteoarthritis-associated knee pain experienced a reduction in pain and had improved joint function following 12 weeks of MSM supplementation, administered twice daily.
Compared to placebo, MSM produced significant decreases in WOMAC pain and physical function impairment (P<0.05). WOMAC stands for Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index visual analogue scale. MSM also produced improvement in performing activities of daily living when compared to placebo on the SF-36 evaluation (P<0.05)504.
MSM-sulfur may also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, contributing to its potential anti-cancer benefits. Studies have shown that MSM-sulfur may help boost immune function and induce cancer cell death in colon, gastrointestinal, and liver cancers. Glutathione, a powerful antioxidant that supports immune function and protects cells from inflammation, requires sulfur for its synthesis and structure. Research has shown that supplementing with MSM and eating plenty of sulfur-containing foods may increase glutathione levels and encourage the upregulation of glutathione enzyme activity, as well as reduce oxidative stress that can lead to cancer505.
MSM-sulfur may form bonds essential to strengthening the keratin in hair and influencing hair growth.
Cooking these foods decreases the natural amount of MSM-sulfur507.
d.5.D.8.6.Homocysteine(s.v)
Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that the body produces from another amino acid, called methionine. Homocysteine is usually found in very small amounts in your body1.508.
d.5.D.8.7.Methionine (s.v.)
Methionine is the initiating amino acid in the synthesis of virtually all eukaryotic proteins509.
Methionine is an antioxidant. It protects the body from damage caused by ionizing radiation. It detoxifies
Folate and B12 work together to produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a compound involved in immune function and mood.511
Many of the functions of folate and B12 are linked because of their complementary roles in the “folate” and “methionine” cycles. Low levels of B12 can result in a functional folate deficiency, as folate becomes trapped in the form of methyltetrahydrofolate.
Methionine Deficiency Causes Symptoms
The interrelationship between these Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B9 is best explained by the methyl trap hypothesis stating that Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to lowered levels of methionine synthetase, which results in a functional folate deficiency by trapping an increased proportion of folate as the 5-methyl derivative. 512
RDA Methionine
The RDA for Methionine. (combined with Cysteine) for adults has been set at 14 mg/Kg of body weight per day. Therefore a person weighing 70 Kg, independent of age or sex, requires the consumption of around 1.1 g (0.9 mMoles) of Methionine/Cysteine per day.513
L-Cysteine plays a role in the normal growth rate of hair. Cysteine also helps reduce the effects of aging on the skin. It may help healing after surgery or burns and protect the skin from radiation injury. Cysteine may help burn fat and increase muscle mass515.
See 5.4.8., which L-Cysteine is the natural form, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine is the synthetic form and Cystine is 2 L-Cysteines
Health Benefits of L-Cysteine (s.v.)
L-Cysteine has anti-infective properties and specific antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the airways.
The body makes this into cysteine and then into glutathione, a powerful antioxidant.
Antioxidants fight free radicals, which are harmful compounds in the body that damage cell membranes and DNA. Researchers think free radicals play a role in aging as well as the development of a number of health problems, including heart disease and cancer.
L-Cysteine helps prevent side effects caused by drug reactions and toxic chemicals, and helps break down mucus in the body. It seems to have benefits in treating some respiratory conditions, such as bronchitis and COPD.516
L-Cysteine deficiency symptoms (s.v.)
L- cysteine deficiency is associated with various diseases including metabolic disorders, immune dysfunction and cancer.517
L-Cysteine RDA (s.v.)
The standard dosage is typically 500 milligrams per day. To treat a respiratory illness, adults can take 200–600 milligrams, twice daily. For COPD, the suggested dose is 600 milligrams, twice daily. 518
Studies are finding links between taurine and what seems like every body part and function.
Taurine Health benefits (s.v.)
7 of the biggest Taurine benefits
1. Taurine Supports your metabolism
Taurine is necessary for your metabolic and digestive processes. It helps your liver make bile salts, which break down fats in your intestines.
2. Taurine Boosts physical performance
A bunch of studies demonstrate how Taurine enhances exercise performance. Research suggests that Taurine may help improve energy levels, combat exercise-related fatigue, and reduce muscle damage. Score!
3. Taurine Protects your musculoskeletal system
This miracle amino infuses a little TLC into your bones and muscles.
Taurine may help guard against periodontal disease and may facilitate post exercise muscle recovery. Evidence points to Taurine being effective in treating skeletal muscle disorders like muscular dystrophy.
4. Taurine Does your eyes and ears good
Research in animals has suggested that Taurine may help resolve tinnitus (ringing in the ears) and, in some cases, it may even be able to improve hearing.
A study suggested Taurine could be a serious candidate for treating eye disorders like glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy because low levels of Taurine seem to influence these types of diseases.
5. Taurine Safeguards your heart
Findings from studies in humans and animals suggest that Taurine may help reduce high blood pressure, improve blood flow, and promote the health of your arteries.
A 2004 study also shows that Taurine can protect against a risk factor of heart disease, high body weight.
There’s also evidence that Taurine supplementation seems to amplify the exercise efforts of people with heart failure by lowering their cholesterol and inflammation levels.
6. Taurine Fights brain aging
Taurine may be your brain’s little fountain of youth. According to some animal studies, Taurine supplementation may benefit learning and memory.
Also, one study found that Taurine supplements could improve cognitive function in older adults with dementia.
7. Taurine Combats a variety of conditions
diabetes
inflammatory conditions, like arthritis
neurological conditions, like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
hepatitis
Taurine may also improve your mental health. Studies found Taurine modulated or reduced stress, anxiety, and depression in animals519.
It’s unclear whether these side effects are related to the amino acid or to a different ingredient that may have been taken alongside Taurine.
It’s worth noting that although no evidence shows that taking Taurine alongside prescription medications causes side effects, it acts as a cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitor.
This means it could interfere with medications that rely on this enzyme to metabolize drugs, such as antidepressants, anti-epileptic drugs, warfarin, and statins.522
RDA for Taurine
The most common dosage range for Taurine is 500–3,000 mg per day (2, 5). However, keep in mind that an EFSA report from 2012 suggests that up to 6,000 daily is safe, demonstrating its strong safety profile.523
Taurine blocks
Taurine is destroyed by heat processes. One study found that an average of 52 percent of the Taurine in raw meats was lost through baking and an average of 79 percent through boiling. 524
So chick peas 18.7 nmoles/g. horse beans 12.9, and
black beans 9.2 nmoles/g525. become much less after heating the food.
Whether it concerns plants, animals or humans, Zincis inversely related to Calcium.527 Hyper calcemia means Zinc deficiency528. Zinc isalso very important in immune function.529 Low Zinc means low immunity. Many of the Covid symptoms, like loss of taste and smell, line up perfectly with Zinc deficiency. 530More than enough reason to look at what the best Zinc sources are.
Health benefits(s.v.)
Zinc has been very successfully used as a therapeutic modality for the management of acute diarrhea in children, Wilson’s disease, the common cold and for the prevention of blindness in patients with age-related dry type of macular degeneration and is very effective in decreasing the incidence of infection in the elderly.
Signs of Deficiency(s.v.)
A deficiency in zinc can lead to loss of the senses of smell and taste, stunted growth, diarrhea, impotence, hair loss, eye and skin lesions, impaired appetite, and depressed immunity.531
Conditioned deficiency of zinc has been observed in patients with malabsorption syndrome, liver disease, chronic renal disease, sickle cell disease, and other chronic illnesses.
Major clinical problems resulting from zinc deficiency in humans include growth retardation; cell-mediated immune dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.
Signs of overload
Conversely, consuming too much zinc can lead to nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and headaches in the short term, and can disrupt the absorption of copper and iron in the long term.
Quercetin is useful to combat Covid as a Zinc Ionophore
Quercetin (C15H10O7) is a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, which has unique biological properties that may improve mental/physical performance and reduce infection risk. These properties form the basis for potential benefits to overall health and disease resistance, including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and psychostimulant activities, as well as the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation and capillary permeability, and to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis
Quercetin food sources (s.v.)
Image: Quercetin food sources (s.v.) 537:: Capers, Elderberries. Dille, Aloe Vera, Cilantro, Onions, Cranberries, Red Lettuce, Red Onions, Asparagus, Kale, Red Bell Peppers, Romaine Lettuce, Green Bell Peppers, Lingonberries, Cocoa.
Quercetin is better absorbed in the body with the help of Vitamin C.538
d.5.D.9.1.c. Quinoline (s.v.)
Clioquinol is the strongest Zinc ionophore, even stronger than EGCG.
Studies show quinoline is powerful in combating SARS-CoV-2.539
Clioquinol is a quinoline compoundthat has antibacterial and anti fungal properties. It is found in topical preparations to treat skin infections such as infected eczema, athlete’s foot and other fungal infections.540
Quinoline compounds play an important role in anticancer drug development as they have shown excellent results through different mechanism of action such as growth inhibitors by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, disruption of cell migration and modulation.541
It has long been recognized that normal prostate cells have high zinc content through ZIP1 mediated uptake, and have low respiration (OXPHOS ATP generation is diverted to citrate export for sperm energetics). Prostate cancer cells have down regulated ZIP1 transporters which leads to greater ATP generation which is diverted to cancer proliferation, an example of a normal-like metabolic phenotype instead being malignant. The zinc ionophoreclioquinol was shown in mice to restore zinc levels and stop the growth of prostate tumors.
Research at UCSFindicates that clioquinol appears to block the genetic action of Huntington’s diseasein mice and in cell culture.
Recent animal studies have shown that clioquinol can reverse the progression of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. According to Siegfried Hekimi and colleagues at McGill’s Department of Biology, clioquinol acts directly on a protein called Clk-1, often informally called “clock-1,” and might slow down the aging process. They theorize that this may explain the apparent ability of the drug to be effective in the above conditions, but warn against individuals experimenting with this drug.
In addition, a study performed in Drosophila demonstrates that clioquinol can slow the pathogenesis of tauopathy model by removing the excessive zinc in the cell.542
Quinoline food sources (s.v.)
Image: Quinoline food sources (s.v.) 543, tea, cocoa and cocoa products, herbs and spices.
d.5.D.9.1.d. EGCG (s.v.)
Research shows EGCG, which is in green tea, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication.544
Studies also show545EGCG is more powerful in combating Covid-19 than Hydroxychloroquine. 546
EGCG – the most abundant catechin in tea 547especially in in green tea and touted as the most effective chemopreventive polyphenol. A recent study found EGCG amplified the effectiveness of Quercetin as a zinc ionophore. This suggests that EGCG and Quercetin provide a synergistic effect with enhanced bioavailability.
Food sources EGCG (s.v.)
Image: EGCG food sources548teas: green tea, white oolong, black tea, apples, avocados, blackberries, cherries, cranberries, strawberries, kiwi’s, pears, peaches, walnuts, hazelnuts, pecans, pistachios.
Curcumin, which is in Turmeric, enhances theuptake of EGCG549And black pepper enhances the uptake of curcumin. 550
Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits.
Several studies show that hesperidin has an inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 by binding to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, the receptor-binding domain of S protein (RBD-S) and the peptidase domain of ACE-2 (PD-ACE-2) (Adem et al. 2020; Tallei et al. 2020; Utomo et al. 2020).552
The name Hesperidin is derived from the word “hesperidium”, for fruit produced by citrus trees. Carl Linnaeus gave the name Hesperideæ to an order containing the genus Citrus, in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides.553 Hesperidin is believed to play a role in plant defense.
In addition to its well-known benefits for cardiovascular function, type II diabetes, and anti-inflammation, recent studies have demonstrated multiple benefits of Hesperidin
Hesperidin is useful for cutaneous functions, including wound healing, UV protection, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, anti skin cancer, and skin lightening.554
The anti allergenic activity of Hesperidin and its metabolite hesperetin were investigated. Hesperidin did not inhibit the histamine release from RBL-2H3 cells induced by IgE. However, its metabolite hesperetin potently inhibited the histamine release from RBL-2H3 cells induced by IgE and the PCA reaction.555
Vitamin E is one of the four fat soluble vitamins. The others are Beta-carotene (including Vitamin A), D and K.
A study published in 2021 names Vitamin E as one of many vitamins that are important for immunity against Covid-19.557
In its natural form, Vitamin E important for immunity as well as fertility. In its synthetic form Vitamin E is good for nothing.
Production of Red Blood cells
Vitamin E (tocopherol), a fat-soluble vitamin, plays a role in the production of red blood cells
Maintenance of Muscle and other tissues
Vitamin E aids the maintenance of muscle and other tissues.
It is also important for resistance. Vitamin E is an antioxidant: it protects the cells in the body against free radicals. Heart disease
Heart health Some studies link higher intakes of vitamin E from supplements to lower chances of developing coronary heart disease.
Eye disorders Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), or the loss of central vision in older people, and cataracts are among the most common causes of vision loss in older people. Among people with AMD who were at high risk of developing advanced AMD, large doses of vitamin E combined with other antioxidants, zinc, and copper showed promise for slowing down the rate of vision loss.
Mental function Vitamin E helps older adults remain mentally alert and active as well as prevent or slow the decline of mental function and Alzheimer’s disease.
Prevents Prostate Cancer
Vitamin E is associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of prostate cancer. Vitamin E can be used in the prevention of prostate cancer in men who are at high risk of prostate cancer.
Consequences of shortage
Vitamin E deficiency can cause nerve and muscle damage that results in loss of feeling in the arms and legs, loss of body movement control, muscle weakness, and vision problems. Another sign of deficiency is a weakened immune system.558
Consequences of overdose
Ingesting too much vitamin E in supplement form is harmful. More than 1,000 mg in natural form, or 670 mg in synthetic form, taken daily can thin the blood, increase the risk of bleeding, and even cause bleeding in the brain.559 Increased need for vitamin K. In theory, an excess of vitamin E will cause an accumulation in different tissues and this may adversely affect the processes in those tissues.
Maximal safe dosage
The maximum safe dose of vitamin E has been set by the Health Council at 300 milligrams per day, which is approximately 25 times the RDA. This amount corresponds to 4.5 kilograms of nuts.
DO not use the solid form of Vitamin E! It blocks the natural form and causes serious health issues!
Never take vitamin E in solid form, such as in certain multivitamin supplements: this makes the normal absorption of natural Vitamin E impossible
Because of this risk, the upper limit for adults is 1,100 mg / day for supplements of either natural or synthetic vitamin E. This is equal to 1,500 IU / day for natural vitamin E supplements and 1,100 IU / day for synthetic vitamin E supplements. The upper limits for children are lower than those for adults. Some research suggests that taking vitamin E supplements even below these upper limits might cause harm. In one study, for example, men who took 400 IU (180 mg) of synthetic vitamin E each day for several years had an increased risk of prostate cancer.
It’s shocking to see that many conclusions that are reached about the efficacy of Vitamin E are still based on the solid supplement form, while it is known that this blocks Vitamin E uptake and is harmful instead of beneficial.
In supplement form, high doses of vitamin E might increase the risk of bleeding (by reducing the blood’s ability to form clots after a cut or injury) and of serious bleeding in the brain (known as hemorrhagic stroke).
RDA
In the United States, 15 mg of vitamin E per day is considered enough for the vast majority of adults. This daily value (DV) is selected as a reference on nutrition labels in the US and Canada.
An adequate intake (AI) of 13 mg per day for adult men and 11 mg per day for adult women has been established for vitamin E.560
Image: Vitamin E food sources (s.v.)562 Wheatgerm oil, Hazelnut oil, Sunflower seeds, Almonds, Walnuts, Hazelnuts, Olive oil, Pine nuts, Peanuts, Brazil nuts, Avocados, Raw spinac
d.5.Se. Selenium (s.v.)
Several studies have linked Covid-19 mortality to Selenium Deficiency.
Image: Selenium Deficiency Symptoms. 563 Well-established and recently described associations of Se deficiency with certain health risks. Low Se status can result from insufficient nutritional supply, chronic disease, inflammation, infection, or as a result from pregnancy, surgery or other conditions of increased need. Severe Se deficiency is known to be associated with autoimmune disease and increased risk of mortality due to cancer, cardiovascular disease, or infection. Recent research has added hypoglycemia risk and poor survival of patients with COVID-19 or type 2 diabetes mellitus to the list of Se-dependent health issues. The importance of poor Se status for the development of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern due to increased mutagenesis in Se-deficient hosts or for the development and resolution of long-COVID symptoms are other potential links, but respective studies and relevant data are not yet at hand.Selenium Deficiency symptoms, 564
Image: Higher Selenium levels in blood serum prevent Covid-19 (s.v.).565Relationship between serum concentrations of the Se transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and survival in COVID-19 and possible implications for Se supply to target organs and systemic defects. (A) Patients with COVID-19 display strongly reduced SELENOP concentrations compared to healthy adults (Controls). In particular, non-survivors (Death) showed very severe Se deficiency compared to survivors who left the hospital alive (Discharge). The red broken line indicates the 2.5th percentile of serum SELENOP as indicator of severe Se deficiency. (B) Severely reduced serum SELENOP concentrations indicate decreased Se transport to target organs, resulting in partial Se deficiency in the three major communication systems of the human organism, i.e., the immune, the endocrine and the central nervous system. The survival data have been published [2]. Spearman’s correlation test was applied (2-sided, 2-tailed), **** indicates p < 0.0001.566
What are the symptoms of too little selenium?(s.v.)
What are the symptoms of too much selenium? (s.v.)
Symptoms of selenium toxicity include nausea; vomiting; nail discoloration, brittleness, and loss; hair loss; fatigue; irritability; and foul breath odor (often described as “garlic breath”). 567
RDA of Selenium (s.v.)
The RDA of Selenium depends on your age and circumstances. Average daily recommended amounts are listed below in micrograms (mcg).
Symptoms of selenium toxicity include nausea; vomiting; nail discoloration, brittleness, and loss; hair loss; fatigue; irritability; and foul breath odor (often described as “garlic breath”). 569
RDA of Selenium (s.v.)
The RDA of Selenium depends on your age and circumstances. Average daily recommended amounts are listed below in micrograms (mcg).
With happiness I mean the foundation of spiritual, emotional and physical well being to boost the levels of dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, endorphin needed for optimum immune function590.
Often this alone is enough to prevent and overcome disease, while unhappiness can make even the best therapies useless. That’s why oppression and healing are mutually exclusive.
Image: Happiness Proteins and how to get them(s.v.)591
Image: Which behaviors produce which Happiness Proteins? (s.v.)592
d.6.1. Dopamine(s.v.)
Dopamine is the award protein. When we feel we have achieved a goal, we get a dopamine hit. There are more behaviors that stimulate dopamine production in our bodies, as well as scents and foods. See here what they are so you can feel good and stay healthy.
d.6.1.a. Behaviors that stimulate dopamine production are (s.v.)
Goal achievement. When we achieve one of our goals, our brain releases dopamine. The brain finds this dopamine rush very rewarding. It seeks out more dopamine by working toward another goal. Larger goals typically come with increased dopamine. However, it’s best to start with small goals to improve your chances of success. Short-term goals can add up to achieve a long-term goal (and a bigger reward). This pattern keeps a steady release of dopamine in your brain593. I like the zoom in-zoom out method. When you are overwhelmed, zoom in, until you can handle it again. When you are bored, zoom out to the larger goals, until you can see each otherwise boring activity as a step in the direction of the larger goal and get excited again. We need to always stay in gear and be intentional in our wishes, prayers, thoughts, words and deeds in order not to regress to subconscious negative patterns that don’t serve anything or anyone.
Spending time in nature, Even as little as 5 minutes a day boosts dopamine levels595.
When prayer elicits feelings of love and compassion, there is a release of d dopamine596.
Novelty: The brain reacts to novel experiences by releasing dopamine. You can naturally increase your dopamine by seeking out new experiences. Any kind of experience will work. You can do something simple like a new hobby or recipe. Or you can try something grand like skydiving. The less familiar you are with the activity, the more likely your brain will reward you with dopamine597.
Beauty, regardless of the sense with which it is perceived, also gives a dopamine rush598. So keep your environment clean and beautiful and surround yourself with beauty, nice music, beautiful art, nature, in order to keep your dopamine levels up.
Image: L Dopa food source (s.v.), Velvet beans and Fava beans.604
d.6.2. Serotonin, the mood stabilizer(s.v.)
Serotonin is also called “the mood stabilizer”. Its production is stimulated by nature walks and mindfulness, and also by the following behaviors, scents and foods:
d.6.2.a. Behaviors that boost serotonin levels are (s.v.):
Regular exercise for at least 30 minutes each day improves one’s overall mood. Research has revealed that long-term cardiovascular exercise boosts serotonin levels in the brain.
As is the case with dopamine levels, spending time in nature boosts serotonin levels as well., Even as little as 5 minutes a day boosts serotonin levels. The amount of time spent in sunlight correlates with serotonin and dopamine synthesis. Even a brief walk in the park can improve your well-being. 605.
2.c. Foods that stimulate serotonin production (s.v.)613:
d.6.2.c. 1. Omega-3-ALA, Vitamin B9 and Vitamin B12 stimulate serotonin production (s.v.)
Combining of Foods containing Vitamin B9 (Folate) and Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 614
Food sourcesVitamin B9 or folate food source (s.v.)
Image: Vitamin B9 or Folate 615Chickpeas, Peanuts, Raw organic Sunflower seeds, Cranberry Beans, Raw Spinach, Lentils, Roman Beans, Raw Broccoli, Pinto Beans Asparagus, Cooked Spinach, Lettuce, Kidney Beans, Avocado, Cooked Broccoli and Green Peas
Food sources Vitamin B12, Cobalamin (s.v.)
Image: Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources (s.v.)616: Kombucha, Chiorella, Nori, Shiitake mushrooms, Swiss cheese, Emmentaler, Brie, Oyster mushrooms,and also black trumpet mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, parasol mushroom and black morels, Yogurt, Kefir
Omega-3-ALA boosts serotonin levels. It helps serotonin trigger nerve cell receptors, making transport easier. Many studies have shown that omega-3s help reduce depressive symptoms617.
Omega-3-ALA food sources Omega-3-ALA
618: Flax seeds, Hemp seeds, Chia seeds, Walnuts, Black- and White Mustard seeds
eat in balance with Omega-6-LA, see element 2.2
d.6.2.c. 2. Citrulline`increases serotonin and dopamine levels (s.v.)
Food sources Citrulline for Dopamine and Serotonin
Image: Citrulline food sources for Dopamine and Serotonin (s.v.)619 Watermelon, Bitter gourds, Squash, Nuts, Chickpeas, Pumpkin, Cucumber.
Sunflower seeds boost serotonin and dopamine levels.
Image: Sunflower seeds increase serotonin and dopamine levels620
d.6.3. Oxytocin, the love protein(s.v.)
Oxytocin is also called the love protein, and is stimulated by kindness. See here which other behaviors, scents and foods boost oxytocin levels:
d.6.3. a. Behaviors that can release oxytocin in the brain are621: (s.v.)
Endorphin is also called “the pain killer.” Endorphin production is stimulated by exercise, and also by the following behaviors, scents and foods:
d.6.4.a. Behaviors that stimulate endorphin production:(s.v.)
Exercise
Laughing
Listening to music
Dancing
Touch
d.6.4. b.Endorphin Stimulating Scents (s.v.)
Rose 629Rose essential oils and extracts with their therapeutic properties-as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants, decongestants, and antioxidants-are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases630.
Dark chocolate633Cacao. Cacao stimulates the release of endorphins634, as well the happy chemical serotonin, and the bliss chemicals Phenylethylamine (PEA) and anandamide for a naturally positive outlook.635
High carbohydrate/high fat foods stimulate the release of endorphins. 637
Vitamin C. L Ascorbic Acid supports the synthesis of serotonin, modulates synaptic dopamine and glutamate, and may also enhance the synthesis of endomorphins and endorphins.638 For Vitamin C rich foods and what to combine them with for optimal absorption, see chapter 7.5.1.
Image: Endorphin production stimulating foods 642: Dark chocolate, Fats, carbohydrates, Vitamin C-LAA, Spicy foods, Rhodiola
Use Rhodiola sparingly, a leaf is very strong.
d.6.5. Natural Anti depressants(s.v.)
d.6.5. a. Ginseng (s.v.)
Panax Ginseng prevents depression by mitigating excessive cortisol secretion643
The name “ginseng” refers to both American (Panax quinquefolius) and Asian or Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng), which are made up of similar chemicals. Siberian ginseng, or Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus), is a completely different plant and does not have the same active ingredients. 644
Image: Phytase food sources : Kombu kelp, Wakame, Nori, are also excellent iodine sources.
Some yogurt to finish the salad dressing. Benefits of yogurt: Vitamin B1, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B12, Calcium, Cysteine, Probiotics.
d.7.Timing, Combining, Planning and Preparing (s.v.)
d.7.a and b.Partnering with your body to fight SARS-CoV-2 when you have symptoms(s.v.)
The way you support your body when it is fighting disease is by knowing it and knowing what it is fighting against and how it fights. SARS-CoV-2 can’t handle heat, so drink ea from eucalyptus, olive leaf, chamomile and green tea as hot as you can stand it and rub Eucalyptus globulus. essential oil on your throat. That way you are attacking the virus from all sides, like your body does. Olive leaf tea 653works many times better than even Hydroxy chloroquine as a Zinc ionophore..
So hot tea from eucalyptus, olive leaf, chamomile and green tea. Steaming with eucalyptus essential oil. A lemon squeezed in hot water, or in the tea. And don’t throw out the lemon peel654. It is full of vitamins and polyphenols, so eat some of that every day. Carrot juice, yogurt with pomegranate juice and banana. Hemp oil, with coconut oil, Pomegranate juice, carrot juice and apple cider vinegar. And what is really wonderful for sore throats is ramisse herbs, our own version of Maria Treben’s Swedish herbs and the herbs used in the Middle Ages against the plague, a mixture made from the used tea from the Herb Rotation Schedule infused in vinegar. Find the recipe for it here.655 For a cough we have this recipe for a cough syrup656 that makes the tea from the herb rotation schedule 657taste like mulled wine, soothes coughs and kills SARS-CoV-2.
The experience is that symptoms usually disappear within 15 minutes, but if not, continue to help your body fight against the invader any way you can with substances that hurt the virus but spare your body and its microbiome, and ideally strengthen them.
Mixing Ramisse herbs with apple cider vinegar also is powerful against warts and skin growths. They usually disappear within days.
d.7.c. Planning and Preparing
When preparing food, take into account which combinations are best and how much or little heating is most beneficial.
Fortunately, that which is tastiest is often also healthiest. From the above you can see why salad is healthier with a dressing rhan without
Liquids and fatty foods should not be stored or prepared in plastics because of leakage of Phthlates and BPA. This is not discussed until chapter 8.2.3, but is important to mention here. All foods should be organic and non gmo, fresh and clean.
Microbiotics and Omega’s should not be heated.
Only certain fats can be heated: olive oil, sesame oil, coconut oil and palm oil. That’s purely from the transfatty acid forming perspective. Palm oil and Cocnut oil should be used sparingly, if at all, because they are saturated fatty acids, which are not beneficial to cellmembrane fluidity.
Gmo fats should not be eaten at all, not even cold.
Coldpressed organic olive oil aids in the uptake of minerals and vitamins like vitamin C and beta-carotene.
Salt helps with the uptake of vitamin C-LAA.
Pepper helps with the uptake of curcumin, which is in turmeric, and turmeric helps with the uptake of EGCG.
Lemon as well as vinegar aid in the uptake from beta-carotene.
Vinegar as well as Vitamin C-LAA as well as phytase which is in seaweed help in ntrient uptake by neutralizing phytic acid and oxalate.
Garlic as well as onions aid in the uptake of micronutrients.
Lycopene in tomatoes is better absorbed when tomatoes are heated in oil.
Don’t peel vegetables and fruits if the peel is edible, since that has a lot of nutrients.
When cooking or frying legumes and vegetables, don’t throw out the water you cooked it in or oil you fried it in. Many of the nutrients aer in there. Use it for sauce or soup.
Eat vitamins in their clusters for optimal uptake.Find what they are in chapter 7.5.C and D.
Take the optimum amount of heat into account when preparing food. When stir frying, put the olive oil in the pan, when it is hot enough, put in the onions first, and when they are done, put in the tomatoes, until they are done, then the rest of the vegetables and the garlic when you are almost done, so most votamins are retained.
Use the herb rotation schedule for teas, care products and spicing foods to take full advantage of all advantages in herbs and not overusing any.
And when planning meals for the day, have your healthy snacks ready, one for a taste for something sweet, for example the desert which doubles as a snack, one for a craving for something hearty. for example the salad. Cook healthily and economically for zero waste. The following paragraph gives some suggestions.
d.7.d.Dandhea Checklist Anti-Covid
Now let’s see what we got in with the Omega-3 breakfast and the Dandelion salad, and what we still need so we can make our dinner, desert and snacks with that in it.
I mentioned the breakfast that has the right balance of Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LA.
Let’s say you are aiming for the heart healthy 1:4 Omega-3-ALA to Omega-6-LA balance, with 2 grams of Omega-3-ALA and
Chapter 7.3 of Dandhea Book I shows you different ways to achieve this, for example, with 3,5 tablespoons of walnuts, or with a table spoon of flax seeds for the Omega-3-ALA and 4 tablespoons of sunflower seeds of sunflower seeds for the Omega-6-LA.
For this breakfast we’ll go with the flax seeds and the sunflower seeds.
Then as a probiotic Kefir which also has K2
Then oatmeal for the zinc.
Some Aloe Vera gel.
And some seasonal fruit for the vitamins. Let’s say apples.
That’ s a simple breakfast that takes care of the Omega-3-ALA, Omega-6-LA needs. The RDA of Omega-3-ALA is between 1 and 5 grams.
Dandhea Salad
Dandelion greens659, Grape leaf, Rose of Sharon leaf, Sauerkraut, Seaweed.
Dressing:Olive oil, Yogurt, Salt, Pepper, Apple Cider Vinegar,
For the salad you can use which ever edible, healthy greens are easily forageble in your surroundings. Of course you will then need to see which nutrients they have in order to see which ones you have to get in another way. And make sure theyhaven’t been treated with pesticides and wash them well of course
A 12 minute walk when the sun’s height is 55 degrees, which means your shadow is a little shorter than you are. The UV for D sun chart helps you calculate exactly how long you need to stay in the sun to get the correct RDA of Vitamin D based on the sun’s height, how cloudy it is, your altitude and your surroundings.
Here’s a shortened list of the 7 elements to see which nutrients we have covered with this:
What we got covered with the salad and the Omega 3 breakfast is checked with a dandelion, what still needs to be taken care of is highlighted.
DandheaChecklist Anti-Covid
1.Microbiome
1.1. Probiotics for the gut Kefir and Yogurt
1.2. Removing pathogens from skin without damaging the skin’s microbiome.
1.3. Prebiotics Dandelion greens and lemon peel
2.Omega’s
2.1. The healthy fats: olive oil in the salad.
2.2.The Omega-3-ALA is in the Omega breakfast as flax seed Omega-6-LA is in the Omega breakfast sunflower seed and in the Dandhea salad as sesame seed and pumpkin seed
3.Targeted response when you have symptoms
3.1.a. eucalyptus essential oil, only necessary when you have symptoms, mint on mask when required.
3.1.Benzophenone food sources: grapes, plantago, elderberry, propolis, black tea, passion fruit
Cherimoya, Soursop.
3.2. Oleuropein is in Olive oil
3.3. Leucoefdinis in banana’s and raspberries.
3.4. Bromelain is in pineapples
3.5. Anti Histamines: apple
4. Herb rotation schedule: Tea of the day according to the Herb Rotation ScheduleAll of them have anti covid properties.
5.Vitamins
5.A. Beta-carotene is in Dandelion greens andPumpkin seeds
5.B.1. Vitamin B1, Thiamin, is in Flax seeds, Sunflower seeds, which are in the Omega breakfast
5.B.2.Vitamin B2, Riboflavin is in sesame seeds
5.B.3.Vitamin B3, Niacin or Nicotinic Acid is in Oatmeal, Flax seeds, Sunflower seeds and Pumpkin seeds
5.B.6. Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine is in Sunflower seeds
5.B.7. Vitamin B7, Biotin is in sunflower seeds, so that is in the Omega breakfast.
5.B.12.Vitamin B12, Cobalamin or Cyanocobalamin is in kefir and yogurt
5. C.1. Vitamin C is in dandelion, but get some more, it s so important. If you choose broccoli you get a lot of other needs covered as well.
5.C.2. S odium, is in the salad, but add salt with every meal, as it enhances Vitamin C intake.
5.C.3. Iodine is in yogurt and seaweedso that was covered by the salad.
5.C.4.Potassium is in peanuts. Potassiumfood sources are Sun Dried Tomatoes, Tomatoes, sun-dried, packed in oil, drained, Cocoa Powder, Potato Chips, Beet Greens, Prune Juice, Raisins, Prunes, Peanuts, Figs, Baked Yams, Dates, French Fries, Adzuki beans, Sweet Potato greens, Lima Beans.
5.C.5. Iron is covered by Sesame sees a nd Pumpkin seeds
5.C.6. Copper is in i n Sunflower seeds, Sesame seeds , Pumpkin seeds and oatmeal
5.C.7. Vitamin B9 or Folate is in sunflower seeds and peanuts
5.D.1. Vitamin D The 12 minute walk at 55 degrees sun height will give you 2400 IU’s of Vitamin D, 3 times the RDA, which is no problem because our bodies can store Vitamin D indefinitely, Check th UV for D sun chart in chapter 7.7.d.D.1 and 7.5.D. to calculate the amount of Vitamin D at any heught, altitude and surrounding.
5.D.2. Vitamin B5 is in the sunflower seeds, the sesame seeds and the yogurt
5.D.3. Calcium is in sunflower seeds, walnuts, peanuts,pumpkin seeds and sesame seeds
5.D.4. Magnesium is in Pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds ,walnuts and sunflower seeds.
5.D.5. k2 is in kefir and cheese
5.D.6. Lysine is in Cheese, Sunflower seeds, Sesame seeds and Pumpkin seeds
5.D.7. P hosphorus is in pumpkin seeds, Sunflower Seedsand Sesame Seeds
5.D.8.1.S ulfur is in Himalayan Salt
5.D.8.2. Organosulfur is missing so we need to add garlic somewhere
5.D.8.3. Glucosinolates are not in here either, so cauliflower or broccoli are still needed
5.D.8.4. Sulforaphane is also missing, but will also be covered if we add broccoli or cauliflower
5.D.8.5. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is in tea, oatmeal and apple
5.D.8.6.Homocysteine Which is synthesized by 5.D.8.7.Methionine is in Kefir
5.D.8.8. Cysteine is in Kefir, Yogurt, Sunflower seeds a nd Oatmeal
5.D.8.9.Taurine is in Pumpkin Seeds
5.D.9..Zinc is in Pumpkin seeds, Sunflower seeds, Flax seeds, Oatmeal and Kefir
5.D.9.a. Quinineis in Walnuts
5.D.9..b. Quercetin is in Aloe Vera
5 .D.9..c.Quinoline is in the teas of the Herb Rotation Schedule and pepper.
5 .D.9..d. EGCG is in apples and green tea
5.D.9.e. Hesperidin is in Aloe vera
5.E. Vitamin E. is in Olive oil
6.Happiness Proteins
6.1. Dopamine11.1.c.1. Tyrosine is in se same seeds
6.1.c.2.P henylalanine is in Pumpkin seeds and kefir.
Sunflower seeds increase serotonin and dopamine levels
Citrulline food sources for Dopamine and Serotonin Nuts,
6 to go which we can then spread over dinner and snacks minus 1 default since Element 3 is only when you have Covid symptoms or when there are Covid measures, so that leaves 5.
Dinner
Include Broccoli or Cauliflower for Sulforaphane andGlucosinolatesand garlic for the Organosulfur. Prepare with olive oil, salt and pepper. Add some seaweed for the phytase.
For example:
Rice with lentils
For the lentils
heat some extra virgin olive oil and at the same time heat some water in a water boiler.
chop some onions, put one piece in to check if the oil is hot enough
When it starts sizzling add the rest of the onion
add tomato, garlic, lemon juice, salt and pepper
Add a cup of lentils
Add the boiling water
Boil until the lentils are ready
In a second pan
heat some extra virgin olive oil and at the same time heat some water in a water boiler.
chop some onions, put one piece in to check if the oil is hot enough
When it starts sizzling add the rest of the onion
add tomato, garlic, lemon juice, salt and pepper
Add a cup of rice
Add the boiling water
Boil until the lentils are ready
Filter the lentils and rice out of the water, and collect the water, for soup.
in a third pan
heat some extra virgin olive oil
chop some onions, put one piece in to check if the oil is hot enough
When it starts sizzling add the rest of the onion
add tomato, garlic, broccoli, vinegar, green and red cabbage, Himalayan salt, pepper and thyme (use the herb of the day for seasoning your meals) and extra olive oil and apple cider vinegar to taste
Serve with the dandhea salad for the seaweed
Save all the unused parts of the vegetables in two containers: one for the broccoli, the other for the restm and save in the freezer.
One can be used to make broccoli soup, the other to make stock.
The next day you can stir fry the rice, lentils and vegetables together and the third day you can add some cheese and make an oven dish out of it for zero waste.
Then you can do the same with potatoes and beans instead of lentils and rice
And then with pancakes and red kidney beans or chickpeas and humus.
Desert:
For example oatmeal made with boiled filtered water, raw cocoa, Himalayan salt, yogurt, raisins from which the oil has been soaked and rinsed off, peanuts, grapes (benzophenone, resveratrol) , whichever is locally available and in season and half a lemon peel left from lemon juice. Cut that in small pieces and put 8in the poridge.
Or just oatmeal made with filtered, boiled water, add Himalayan salt,raw cocoa and honey,
Beverages
Tea from the Herb Rotation Schedule
Snacks
Fot rxample a Camembar: some Camembert and peanuts wrapped in nori seaweed and cayenne pepper. That gives you folate and B12,
Or for extra Potassium, snack on sun dried tomatoes with seaweed.
Tip:
Make extra desert as well as the salad to have healthy sweet and hearty snacks ready at all times.
And that’s how easily you can get all the anti Covid nutrients in!
Conclusion Chapter 7
It’s hard to find a healthy nutrient that does not work against Covid-19. At the same time, it is equally hard to figure out what the healthy nutrients are. Two different names for Vitamins often means one of them is a synthetic failed attempt to a copy of vitamins that doesn’t have the properties or the benefits of the vitamin they mimic. Official advice on how to take vitamins is often inconsistent with peer reviewed scientific research. I thought the research contradicting officiAL information was just on Omega’s. But there is research contradicting official information on every vitamin. Luckily it is possible to get to the reliable research, and that’s what I have shared here.
Use the Dandhea checklist to see if you are getting all the anti-Covid nutrients in.
Research shows that many traditional combinations of foods have strong health benefits. Some oil and vinegar on salad makes us absorb the iron and vitamin C better, and neutralises oxalates and phtaic acids that would otherwise hinder the absorbtion of minerals. Tumeric with pepper makes us absorb the Curcumin in Turmeric 2000 times better and Tumeric enhances EGCG which enhances Zinc absorption. What is tasty is also healthy a lot of the time. We feel what we need, we feel what is good for us, and we also feel what is not.
If it’s so simple to prevent and fight Covid-19 with natural foods, why didn’t we know about it before?
Because in many aspects we we live in a Profit oriented, Fluff based, Finance backed Deceitfully pushed “who cares?” system posing as health care(PFfFD) rather than a Health oriented, Evidence based, Science backed, Practice confirmed (HESP) real health care one.
10The human skin microbiome, Nature, January 15, 2018, Byrd, A., Belkaid, Y. & Segre, J. The human skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol 16, 143–155 (2018). aAllyson L. Byrd, b.Yasmine Belkaid & c.Julia A. Segre , a.Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, a.National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA a.Department of Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, 02215, Massachusetts, USA, a. b.Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, a. b.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, a.b.c.National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA, a. Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, 94080, California, USA,b. Department of Intramural Research, b.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, c.Microbial Genomics Section, c.National Human Genome Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.157, https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro.2017.157
27Probiotic potential and biochemical and technological properties of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis strains isolated from raw milk and kefir grains,Science Direct, November 1, 2018. Research OktayYerlikaya, Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Dairy Technology, 35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey, Received 27 April 2018, Accepted 13 September 2018, Available online 1 November 2018, Version of Record 21 December 2018. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030218310129
31Randomised clinical trial: Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 significantly alleviates irritable bowel syndrome and improves quality of life – a double-blind, placebo-controlled study,PubMed, May 2011,Guglielmetti S, Mora D, Gschwender M, Popp K. Randomised clinical trial: Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 significantly alleviates irritable bowel syndrome and improves quality of life – a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 May;33(10):1123-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04633.x,Epub 2011 Mar 21. PMID: 21418261, S Guglielmetti1,D Mora, M Gschwender, K Popp, Department of Food Science and Microbiology, Università degli Studi di Milano,Via Celoria 2, Milan, Italy. simone.guglielmetti@unimi.it Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlimdong, Kwanakku, Seoul, Korea, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21418261/
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Edited by: Giorgio Giraffa, Agriculture Research Council, Fodder and Dairy Productions Research Centre, Italy
R
eviewed by: Marcela C. Audisio, Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química, Argentina; Miriam Zago, Agriculture Research Council, Fodder and Dairy Productions Research Centre, Italy
*Correspondence: Simone Guglielmetti, Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocessing, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy. e-mail: ti.iminu@ittemleilgug.enomis
This article was submitted to Frontiers in Food Microbiology, a specialty of Frontiers in Microbiology.
40Health-Promoting Properties of Lactobacillus helveticus, PMC,November 19, 2012, Taverniti V, Guglielmetti S. Health-Promoting Properties of Lactobacillus helveticus. Front Microbiol. 2012 Nov 19;3:392. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00392. PMID: 23181058; PMCID: PMC3500876.Valentina Taverniti1 and Simone Guglielmetti1,* 1Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Edited by: Giorgio Giraffa, Agriculture Research Council, Fodder and Dairy Productions Research Centre, Italy
Reviewed by: Marcela C. Audisio, Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química, Argentina; Miriam Zago, Agriculture Research Council, Fodder and Dairy Productions Research Centre, Italy
*Correspondence: Simone Guglielmetti, Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocessing, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy. e-mail: ti.iminu@ittemleilgug.enomis
This article was submitted to Frontiers in Food Microbiology, a specialty of Frontiers in Microbiology.
42Beneficial psychological effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) in healthy human volunteers, PubMed, July 1, 2011,Messaoudi M, Violle N, Bisson JF, Desor D, Javelot H, Rougeot C. Beneficial psychological effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) in healthy human volunteers. Gut Microbes. 2011 Jul-Aug;2(4):256-61. doi: 10.4161/gmic.2.4.16108, Epub 2011 Jul 1. PMID: 21983070.Michaël Messaoudi1, Nicolas Violle, Jean-François Bisson, Didier Desor, Hervé Javelot, Catherine Rougeot, ETAP-Ethologie Appliquée, 13 rue Bois de la Champelle, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. mmessaoudi@etap-lab.com ,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21983070/
43The effect of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk on sleep and health perception in elderly subjects,PubMed, September 12, 2007,Yamamura S, Morishima H, Kumano-go T, Suganuma N, Matsumoto H, Adachi H, Sigedo Y, Mikami A, Kai T, Masuyama A, Takano T, Sugita Y, Takeda M. The effect of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk on sleep and health perception in elderly subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;63(1):100-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602898, pub 2007 Sep 12. PMID: 17851460, S Yamamura1, H Morishima, T Kumano-go, N Suganuma, H Matsumoto, H Adachi, Y Sigedo, A Mikami, T Kai, A Masuyama, T Takano, Y Sugita, M Takeda , Psychiatry, Department of Integrated Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. yamamura@psy.med.osaka-u.ac.jphttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17851460/
44Lactobacillus helveticus Lafti L10 supplementation reduces respiratory infection duration in a cohort of elite athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, March 17, 2016, Michalickova D, Minic R, Dikic N, Andjelkovic M, Kostic-Vucicevic M, Stojmenovic T, Nikolic I, Djordjevic B. Lactobacillus helveticus Lafti L10 supplementation reduces respiratory infection duration in a cohort of elite athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016 Jul;41(7):782-9. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0541
2 Professor and Head, Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Dairy Microbiology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India.
4 Professor, Department of Medicine, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India.
5 Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India.
6 Professor, Department of Microbiology & Principal, Smt.L.P. Patel Institute of Med. Lab.Technology Pramukhswami Medical College & Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, India.
7 Central Research Services, Charutar Arogya Mandal, Karamsad, India.
8 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India.
Corresponding author.
NAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Manisha Kalpesh Gohel, 6, Punit Bunglows, Near La Casaa
46The effect of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk on acute changes in calcium metabolism in postmenopausal women, PubMed, April 4, 2004, Narva M, Nevala R, Poussa T, Korpela R. The effect of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk on acute changes in calcium metabolism in postmenopausal women. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Apr;43(2):61-8. doi: 10.1007/s00394-004-0441-y,
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50Oral intake of Lactobacillus helveticus-fermented milk whey decreased transepidermal water loss and prevented the onset of sodium dodecylsulfate-induced dermatitis in mice, PubMed,January 7, 2010, Baba H, Masuyama A, Yoshimura C, Aoyama Y, Takano T, Ohki K. Oral intake of Lactobacillus helveticus-fermented milk whey decreased transepidermal water loss and prevented the onset of sodium dodecylsulfate-induced dermatitis in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(1):18-23. doi: 10.1271/bbb.90370
51Lactobacillus helveticus HY7801 ameliorates vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice by inhibiting fungal growth and NF-κB activation, PubMed,June 23, 2012,Joo HM, Kim KA, Myoung KS, Ahn YT, Lee JH, Huh CS, Han MJ, Kim DH. Lactobacillus helveticus HY7801 ameliorates vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice by inhibiting fungal growth and NF-κB activation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2012 Sep;14(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.05.023
52Effect of milk fermented with a Lactobacillus helveticus R389(+) proteolytic strain on the immune system and on the growth of 4T1 breast cancer cells in mice, PubMed, July 2006,Rachid M, Matar C, Duarte J, Perdigon G. Effect of milk fermented with a Lactobacillus helveticus R389(+) proteolytic strain on the immune system and on the growth of 4T1 breast cancer cells in mice. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2006 Jul;47(2):242-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2006.00088.x. PMID: 16831211, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16831211/
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55Anti-colon cancer and antioxidant activities of bovine skim milk fermented by selected Lactobacillus helveticus strains, PubMed, November 18, 2015,Elfahri KR, Vasiljevic T, Yeager T, Donkor ON. Anti-colon cancer and antioxidant activities of bovine skim milk fermented by selected Lactobacillus helveticus strains. J Dairy Sci. 2016 Jan;99(1):31-40. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10160
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College of Engineering and Science, Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Australia 8001.
College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Australia 8001. Electronic address: osaana.donkor@vu.edu.au.
56Characterization of a novel polysaccharide with anti-colon cancer activity from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1, PubMed,February 13, 2015,Li W, Tang W, Ji J, Xia X, Rui X, Chen X, Jiang M, Zhou J, Dong M. Characterization of a novel polysaccharide with anti-colon cancer activity from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1. Carbohydr Res. 2015 Jun 26;411:6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.12.014
57Structural characterization and anticancer activity of cell-bound exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1, PubMed,March 31, 2015,Li W, Xia X, Tang W, Ji J, Rui X, Chen X, Jiang M, Zhou J, Zhang Q, Dong M. Structural characterization and anticancer activity of cell-bound exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1. J Agric Food Chem. 2015 Apr 8;63(13):3454-63. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01086
. Epub 2015 Mar 31. PMID: 25798529. †College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China.
‡Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China.
58Probiotic and anti-inflammatory attributes of an isolate Lactobacillus helveticus NS8 from Mongolian fermented koumiss, PMC, October 2, 2015, Rong J, Zheng H, Liu M, Hu X, Wang T, Zhang X, Jin F, Wang L. Probiotic and anti-inflammatory attributes of an isolate Lactobacillus helveticus NS8 from Mongolian fermented koumiss. BMC Microbiol. 2015 Oct 2;15:196. doi: 10.1186/s12866-015-0525-2 PMID: 26428623; PMCID: PMC4591576. Jingjing Rong,#Houfeng Zheng,#Ming Liu,Xu Hu,Tao Wang,Xingwei Zhang,Feng Jin, and Li Wang The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
59Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens: From Isolation and Taxonomy to Probiotic Properties and Applications,PubMed, October 16, 2021, Georgalaki M, Zoumpopoulou G, Anastasiou R, Kazou M, Tsakalidou E. Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens: From Isolation and Taxonomy to Probiotic Properties and Applications. Microorganisms. 2021 Oct 16;9(10):2158. doi: 110.3390/microorganisms9102158
62Effects of ingesting milk fermented by Lactococcus lactis H61 on skin health in young women: a randomized double-blind study,PubMed, July 11, 2014,Kimoto-Nira H, Nagakura Y, Kodama C, Shimizu T, Okuta M, Sasaki K, Koikawa N, Sakuraba K, Suzuki C, Suzuki Y. Effects of ingesting milk fermented by Lactococcus lactis H61 on skin health in young women: a randomized double-blind study. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Sep;97(9):5898-903. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-7980
63Oral intake of heat-killed cells of Lactococcus lactis strain H61 promotes skin health in women, PMC,December 6, 2012, Kimoto-Nira H, Aoki R, Sasaki K, Suzuki C, Mizumachi K. Oral intake of heat-killed cells of Lactococcus lactis strain H61 promotes skin health in women. J Nutr Sci. 2012 Dec 6;1:e18. doi: 10.1017/jns.2012.22. PMID: 25191547; PMCID: PMC4153081.Hiromi Kimoto-Nira,*Reiji Aoki,Keisuke Sasaki,Chise Suzuki,and Koko MizumachiNARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ikenodai 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
*Corresponding author: Dr H. Kimoto-Nira, fax +81 298 388606, email pj.og.crffa@enna
64Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides Probiotics on Human Seasonal and Avian Influenza Viruses, PubMed,June 28, 2018,Bae JY, Kim JI, Park S, Yoo K, Kim IH, Joo W, Ryu BH, Park MS, Lee I, Park MS. Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides Probiotics on Human Seasonal and Avian Influenza Viruses. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Jun 28;28(6):893-901. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1804.04001, 10.4014/jmb.1804.04001 PMID: 29847863. Joon-Yong Bae1, Jin Il Kim1, Sehee Park1, Kirim Yoo1, In-Ho Kim2, Wooha Joo3, Byng Hee Ryu3, Mee Sook Park1, Ilseob Lee1, Man-Seong Park1 Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Daesang Co., Ltd., Icheon 17384, Republic of Korea.
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78Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?PMC, June 24, 2019, Wińska K, Mączka W, Łyczko J, Grabarczyk M, Czubaszek A, Szumny A. Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents-Myth or Real Alternative? Molecules. 2019 Jun 5;24(11):2130. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112130 PMID: 31195752 ; PMCID: PMC6612361.Katarzyna Wińska,1,*Wanda Mączka,1,*Jacek Łyczko,1Małgorzata Grabarczyk,1Anna Czubaszek,2and Antoni Szumny1 1Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@okzcyl.kecaj (J.Ł.); lp.teno@bargam (M.G.); lp.ude.rwpu@ynmuzs.inotna (A.S.)2Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@kezsabuzc.anna*Correspondence: lp.ude.rwpu@aksniw.anyzratak (K.W.); lp.ude.rwpu@akzcam.adnaw (W.M.); Tel.: +48-71-320-5213 (K.W. & W.M.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6612361/
79Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?Wińska K, Mączka W, Łyczko J, Grabarczyk M, Czubaszek A, Szumny A. Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents-Myth or Real Alternative? Molecules. 2019 Jun 5;24(11):2130. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112130 PMID: 31195752 ; PMCID: PMC6612361.Katarzyna Wińska,1,*Wanda Mączka,1,*Jacek Łyczko,1Małgorzata Grabarczyk,1Anna Czubaszek,2and Antoni Szumny1 1Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@okzcyl.kecaj (J.Ł.); lp.teno@bargam (M.G.); lp.ude.rwpu@ynmuzs.inotna (A.S.)2Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@kezsabuzc.anna*Correspondence: lp.ude.rwpu@aksniw.anyzratak (K.W.); lp.ude.rwpu@akzcam.adnaw (W.M.); Tel.: +48-71-320-5213 (K.W. & W.M.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6612361/
81Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oilsPubMed, May 24, 2010, Phytother Res. 2010 May;24(5):673-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2955, PMID: 19653195; PMCID: PMC7167768.Akram Astani 1, Jürgen Reichling, Paul Schnitzler Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653195/
82An updated and comprehensive review of the antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents with special focus on their mechanism of action against various influenza and coronaviruses,PubMed, March 2021, Wani AR, Yadav K, Khursheed A, Rather MA. An updated and comprehensive review of the antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents with special focus on their mechanism of action against various influenza and coronaviruses. Microb Pathog. 2021 Mar;152:104620. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104620. Epub 2020 Nov 16. PMID: 33212200, Abdul Rouf Wani1, Kanchan Yadav2, Aadil Khursheed3, Manzoor Ahmad Rather4 Department of Botany, Madhyanchal Professional University, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India.
83Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future, PMC, November 1, 2010, Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Rep. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377 PMID: 21132119 ; PMCID: PMC2995283.,Janmejai K Srivastava,1,2,* Eswar Shankar,1,2 and Sanjay Gupta1,2,3 , 1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, 2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, 3Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106,Correspondence to: Sanjay Gupta, Ph.D., Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Phone: (216) 368 6162; Fax: (216) 368 0213; ude.esac@atpug.yajnas, *Current address: Amity Institute of Biotechnology (Mango Orchard Campus), Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Viraj Khand 5, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, India, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2995283/
84Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils,PubMed, May 24, 2010, Astani A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P. Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils. Phytother Res. 2010 May;24(5):673-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2955; PMCID: PMC7167768, Akram Astani1, Jürgen Reichling, Paul Schnitzler, Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19653195
85Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils,PubMed, May 24, 2010, Astani A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P. Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils. Phytother Res. 2010 May;24(5):673-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2955; PMCID: PMC7167768, Akram Astani1, Jürgen Reichling, Paul Schnitzler, Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19653195
86Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents—Myth or Real Alternative?PMC, June 24, 2019,
Wińska K, Mączka W, Łyczko J, Grabarczyk M, Czubaszek A, Szumny A. Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents-Myth or Real Alternative? Molecules. 2019 Jun 5;24(11):2130. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112130 PMID: 31195752 ; PMCID: PMC6612361.Katarzyna Wińska,1,*Wanda Mączka,1,*Jacek Łyczko,1Małgorzata Grabarczyk,1Anna Czubaszek,2and Antoni Szumny1 1Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@okzcyl.kecaj (J.Ł.); lp.teno@bargam (M.G.); lp.ude.rwpu@ynmuzs.inotna (A.S.)
2Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; lp.ude.rwpu@kezsabuzc.anna
87Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future, PMC, November 1, 2010, Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Rep. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377 PMID: 21132119 ; PMCID: PMC2995283.,Janmejai K Srivastava,1,2,* Eswar Shankar,1,2 and Sanjay Gupta1,2,3 , 1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
3Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Correspondence to: Sanjay Gupta, Ph.D., Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Phone: (216) 368 6162; Fax: (216) 368 0213; ude.esac@atpug.yajnas
94Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
95Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
96Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
97Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
98Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
99Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
100Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
101Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
102Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
103Fiber and Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Health Benefits, PMC, Aptil 22, 2013, Slavin J. Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1417-35. doi: 10.3390/nu5041417. PMID: 23609775; PMCID: PMC3705355.Joanne Slavin, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55344, USA; E-Mail: ude.nmu@nivalsj; Tel.: +1-612-624-7234; Fax: +1-612-625-5272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705355/
105Prebiotic effects of pectooligosaccharides obtained from lemon peel on the microbiota from elderly donors using an in vitro continuous colon model (TIM-2),PubMed, November 18, 2020,Míguez B , Vila C , Venema K , Parajó JC , Alonso JL. Prebiotic effects of pectooligosaccharides obtained from lemon peel on the microbiota from elderly donors using an in vitro continuous colon model (TIM-2). Food Funct. 2020 Nov 18;11(11):9984-9999. doi:10.1039/d0fo01848a. PMID: 33119011., Beatriz Míguez1, Carlos Vila, Koen Venema, Juan Carlos Parajó, José Luis Alonso, Chemical Engineering Department – University of Vigo, Polytechnic Building (Campus Ourense), University Campus As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain. xluis@uvigo.es. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33119011/
123Benzophenone derivatives: a novel series of potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase, PubMed, May 12, 1995,Wyatt PG, Bethell RC, Cammack N, Charon D, Dodic N, Dumaitre B, Evans DN, Green DV, Hopewell PL, Humber DC, et al. Benzophenone derivatives: a novel series of potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. J Med Chem. 1995 May 12;38(10):1657-65. doi: 10.1021/jm00010a010. PMID: 7538590., P G Wyatt 1, R C Bethell, N Cammack, D Charon, N Dodic, B Dumaitre, D N Evans, D V Green, P L Hopewell, D C Humber, et al.Medicinal Chemistry Department, Glaxo Research and Development Limited, Glaxo Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Herts, U.K. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7538590/
124Biological Activity Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Polyprenylated Benzophenones from Garcinia celebica, MDPI,November 10, 2021, Biomedicines, Yenni Pintauli Pasaribu 1,2, Arif Fadlan 1 , Sri Fatmawati 1 and Taslim Ersam 1, 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; pasaribu@unmus.ac.id (Y.P.P.); afadlan@chem.its.ac.id (A.F.); fatma@chem.its.ac.id (S.F.) 2 Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Musamus University, Merauke 99600, Indonesia * Correspondence: paktichem@gmail.com; Tel.: +62-813-3073-1952 file:///G:/Downloads/biomedicines-09-01654-v2%20(1).pdfand Ketosal, Scentses4d, September 18, 2021,https://scentses4d.wordpress.com/2021/09/18/ketosal/
128Oleuropein as a Potent Compound against Neurological Complications Linked with COVID-19: A Computational Biology Approach, PMC, June 26, 2022, Hussain T, Habib AH, Rafeeq MM, Alafnan A, Khafagy ES, Iqbal D, Jamal QMS, Unissa R, Sharma DC, Moin A, Rizvi SMD. Oleuropein as a Potent Compound against Neurological Complications Linked with COVID-19: A Computational Biology Approach. Entropy (Basel). 2022 Jun 26;24(7):881. doi: 10.3390/e24070881. PMID: 35885104; PMCID: PMC9319675., Talib Hussain,1 Alaa Hamed Habib,2 Misbahuddin M. Rafeeq,3 Ahmed Alafnan,1 El-Sayed Khafagy,4,5 Danish Iqbal,6 Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal,7 Rahamat Unissa,8 Dinesh C. Sharma,9,10 Afrasim Moin,8,* and Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi8,*Donald J. Jacobs, Academic Editor and Amar Singh, Academic Editor https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9319675/
129Oleuropein in Olive and its Pharmacological Effects,PMC,April 23, 2010,Omar SH. Oleuropein in olive and its pharmacological effects. Sci Pharm. 2010 Apr-Jun;78(2):133-54. doi: 10.3797/scipharm.0912-18. Epub 2010 Apr 23. PMID: 21179340; PMCID: PMC3002804. Syed Haris Omar , College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, P.O. Box-31922, Buraidah-51418, Saudi ArabiaE-mail: as.ude.uq@rmahs or moc.liamg@ramosirahdeys, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002804/
156Summary of the different roles vitamin B can play in COVID-19, Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19,PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
157Vitamin B1, Thiamine food sources, Dandhea, August 15, 2022
158Riboflavin for COVID-19 Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Mental Health Disorders: Observational Study,PubMed, March 10, 2022, Akasov RA, Khaydukov EV, Andreyuk DS, Sholina NV, Sheremeta AN, Romanov DV, Kostyuk GP, Panchenko VY, Kovalchuk MV. Riboflavin for COVID-19 Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Mental Health Disorders: Observational Study. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 10;13:755745. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.755745. PMID: 35359854; PMCID: PMC8960625.R A Akasov 1 2, E V Khaydukov 1 2, D S Andreyuk 3 4, N V Sholina 1 2, A N Sheremeta 3, D V Romanov 2, G P Kostyuk 3, V Ya Panchenko 1 5, M V Kovalchuk 5, Federal Scientific Research Center Crystallography and Photonics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
2I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
161COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3?PubMed, April 13, 2022, Novak Kujundžić R. COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3? Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 13;23(8):4309. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084309. PMID: 35457123; PMCID: PMC9032523.Renata Novak Kujundžić1 Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35457123
162Vitamin B3, Niacin food sources, Dandhea, August 25, 2022
163Vitamin B5, Pantothenic Acid food sources, Dandhea, June 10, 2022
170Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods, PubMed, September 2010, Bassett MN, Sammán NC. Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2010 Sep;60(3):298-305. PMID: 21612148., Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, Departamento Bioquimica de la Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica, Quimica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumin, Chacabuco, Tucumán, Argentina. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21612148/
171Vitamin B9, Folate food sources, Dandhea, June 8, 2022
172Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19,PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
180Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships, PubMed, 1985, Shane B, Stokstad EL. Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships. Annu Rev Nutr. 1985;5:115-41. doi: 10.1146/anurev.nu.05.070185.000555. PMID: 3927946.B Shane, E L Stokstad, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3927946/n
181Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships, PubMed, 1985, Shane B, Stokstad EL. Vitamin B12-folate interrelationships. Annu Rev Nutr. 1985;5:115-41. doi: 10.1146/anurev.nu.05.070185.000555. PMID: 3927946.B Shane, E L Stokstad, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3927946/n
182Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources, Dandhea, August 30, 2022
183Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. It plays an important role in your body’s “fight-or-flight” response. As a medication, norepinephrine is used to increase and maintain blood pressure in limited, short-term serious health situations, Cleveland Clinic, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22610-norepinephrine-noradrenalinem
184Experimental folate deficiency in human subjects: what is the influence of vitamin C status on time taken to develop megaloblastic anaemia?BMC,Hematology volume 18, Article number: 13 , June 19, 2018, Paul Henry Golding DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12878-018-0107-2https://bmchematol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12878-018-0107-2
185Effect of High-dose Vitamin C Combined With Anti-cancer Treatment on Breast Cancer Cells,Anti-Cancer Research, February, 2019, SOO JUNG LEE, JAE-HWAN JEONG, IN HEE LEE, JEEYEON LEE, JIN HYANG JUNG, HO YONG PARK, DUK HEE LEE and YEE SOO CHAE, Anticancer Research February 2019, 39 (2) 751-758; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13172https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/2/751
186Vitamin C in Disease Prevention and Cure: An Overview,PubMed, September 1,2013, Chambial S, Dwivedi S, Shukla KK, John PJ, Sharma P. Vitamin C in disease prevention and cure: an overview. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2013 Oct;28(4):314-28. doi: 10.1007/s12291-013-0375-3. Epub 2013 Sep 1. PMID: 24426232; PMCID: PMC3783921,Shailja Chambial, Shailendra Dwivedi, Kamla Kant Shukla, Placheril J. John, and Praveen Sharmacorresponding author,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 Rajasthan India, Department of Zoology, Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004 India, Praveen Sharma, Email: moc.liamg@55amrahsneevarp, Email: ni.ude.ruphdojsmiia@rpamrahs., https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3783921/
187Effect of High-dose Vitamin C Combined With Anti-cancer Treatment on Breast Cancer Cells,Anti-Cancer Research, February, 2019, SOO JUNG LEE, JAE-HWAN JEONG, IN HEE LEE, JEEYEON LEE, JIN HYANG JUNG, HO YONG PARK, DUK HEE LEE and YEE SOO CHAE, Anticancer Research February 2019, 39 (2) 751-758; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13172https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/2/751
188Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. It plays an important role in your body’s “fight-or-flight” response. As a medication, norepinephrine is used to increase and maintain blood pressure in limited, short-term serious health situations, Cleveland Clinic, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22610-norepinephrine-noradrenalinem
189Experimental folate deficiency in human subjects: what is the influence of vitamin C status on time taken to develop megaloblastic anaemia?BMC,Hematology volume 18, Article number: 13 , June 19, 2018, Paul Henry Golding DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12878-018-0107-2https://bmchematol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12878-018-0107-2
190Effect of High-dose Vitamin C Combined With Anti-cancer Treatment on Breast Cancer Cells,Anti-Cancer Research, February, 2019, SOO JUNG LEE, JAE-HWAN JEONG, IN HEE LEE, JEEYEON LEE, JIN HYANG JUNG, HO YONG PARK, DUK HEE LEE and YEE SOO CHAE, Anticancer Research February 2019, 39 (2) 751-758; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13172https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/2/751
19220 Foods That Are High in Vitamin C, Healthline, Updated on May 10, 2022 , Written by Caroline Hill, MHumNutr, BSc and Erin Kelly — Medically reviewed by Jillian Kubala, MS, RD, Nutrition — https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-c-foods
208Sodium Intake and Heart Failure,PMC, December 13, 2020, Patel Y, Joseph J. Sodium Intake and Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 13;21(24):9474. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249474. PMID: 33322108; PMCID: PMC7763082. Yash Patel1 and Jacob Joseph2,3,*1Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI 02914, USA; moc.liamg@12letaphsayrd2Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA3Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
209The role of salt for immune cell function and disease,PMC, March 24, 2018, Willebrand R, Kleinewietfeld M. The role of salt for immune cell function and disease. Immunology. 2018 Jul;154(3):346-353. doi: 10.1111/imm.12915. Epub 2018 Mar 24. PMID: 29465812; PMCID: PMC6002217.,Ralf Willebrand 1 and Markus Kleinewietfeldcorresponding author 1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6002217/
212Harmful effects of chlorine dioxide exposure, PMC, May 1, 2021, Lardieri A, Cheng C, Jones SC, McCulley L. Harmful effects of chlorine dioxide exposure. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 May;59(5):448-449. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2020.1818767. Epub 2020 Sep 22. PMID: 32960110; PMCID: PMC7982344., Allison Lardieri, Carmen Cheng, S. Christopher Jones, and Lynda McCulley, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
213Chlorine dioxide is a more potent antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 than sodium hypochlorite, PubMed, December 2021, Hatanaka N, Xu B, Yasugi M, Morino H, Tagishi H, Miura T, Shibata T, Yamasaki S. Chlorine dioxide is a more potent antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 than sodium hypochlorite. J Hosp Infect. 2021 Dec;118:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.09.006. Epub 2021 Sep 15. PMID: 34536532; PMCID: PMC8442261. N Hatanaka 1, B Xu 2, M Yasugi 1, H Morino 3, H Tagishi 3, T Miura 3, T Shibata 3, S Yamasaki 4, 1Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan; Asian Health Science Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan; Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,2Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,3Research and Development Center, Taiko Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Kyoto, Japan., 4Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan; Asian Health Science Research Institute, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan; Osaka International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: shinji@vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34536532/
229Treatment of Severe Hyperkalemia: Confronting 4 Fallacies, PMC, October 7, 2017, Abuelo, J Gary. “Treatment of Severe Hyperkalemia: Confronting 4 Fallacies.” Kidney international reports vol. 3,1 47-55. 7 Oct. 2017, doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2017.10.001, J. Gary Abuelo1,∗1Division of Hypertension and Kidney Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA,J. Gary Abuelo: gro.napsefil@oleubagj, Correspondence: J. Gary Abuelo, Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.Division of Kidney Diseases and HypertensionRhode Island Hospital593 Eddy StreetProvidenceRI 02903USA gro.napsefil@oleubagj https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5762976/
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237Effects of Calcium on Chlorophyll Synthesis and Stability in the Early Phase of Greening in Cucumber Cotyledons, PMC, June 1980, Tanaka A, Tsuji H. Effects of calcium on chlorophyll synthesis and stability in the early phase of greening in cucumber cotyledons. Plant Physiol. 1980 Jun;65(6):1211-5. doi: 10.1104/pp.65.6.1211. PMID: 16661362; PMCID: PMC440512. Ayumi Tanaka and Hideo Tsuji, Laboratory for Plant Ecological Studies, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606 Japan https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC440512/
238Association between Heme and Non-Heme Iron Intake and Serum Ferritin in Healthy Young Women,PMC, January 12, 2018, Young I, Parker HM, Rangan A, Prvan T, Cook RL, Donges CE, Steinbeck KS, O’Dwyer NJ, Cheng HL, Franklin JL, O’Connor HT. Association between Haem and Non-Haem Iron Intake and Serum Ferritin in Healthy Young Women. Nutrients. 2018 Jan 12;10(1):81. doi: 10.3390/nu10010081. PMID: 29329258; PMCID: PMC5793309. Isabel Young,1 Helen M. Parker,2,3,* Anna Rangan,1,3 Tania Prvan,4 Rebecca L. Cook,2 Cheyne E. Donges,5 Kate S. Steinbeck,6,7 Nicholas J. O’Dwyer,2,5 Hoi Lun Cheng,3,6,7 Janet L. Franklin,7,8 and Helen T. O’Connor2,3, 1Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; ua.ude.yendys.inu@8093uoyi (I.Y.); ua.ude.yendys@nagnar.anna (A.R.)
2Faculty of Health Science, Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 2414, Australia; ua.ude.yendys@kooc.acceber (R.L.C.); ua.ude.yendys@reywdo.salohcin (N.J.O.); ua.ude.yendys@ronnoco.neleh (H.T.O.)
3Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; ua.ude.wsn.htlaeh@gnehc.neleh
4Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2113, Australia; ua.ude.qm@navrp.ainat
5School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia; moc.kooltuo@segnod_enyehc
6Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; ua.vog.wsn.htlaeh@kcebniets.etak
7Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; ua.vog.wsn.shawss@nilknarf.tenaj
8Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
243Iron Overload, NIH, April 28, 2022 , Lisa A. McDowell; Pujitha Kudaravalli; Kristin L. Sticco., Author Information, Lisa A. McDowell; Pujitha Kudaravalli; Kristin L. Sticco1., Affiliations, 1 Stony Brook University Hospital, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526131/
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254Analysis of Heme and Non-Heme Iron Intake and Iron Dietary Sources in Adolescent MenstruatingFemales in a National Polish Sample MDPI, May 10, 2019, ,Dominika Skolmowska and Dominika Gł ˛abska *Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of LifeSciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;dominika_skolmowska@sggw.pl, Correspondence: dominika_glabska@sggw.pl; Tel.: +48-22-593-71-26, Received: 9 April 2019; Accepted: May 7, 2019; Published: May 10 2019 file:///C:/Users/Asus/Downloads/nutrients-11-01049.pdf , https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1049?type=check_update&version=1
255Analysis of Heme and Non-Heme Iron Intake and Iron Dietary Sources in Adolescent MenstruatingFemales in a National Polish Sample MDPI, May 10, 2019, ,Dominika Skolmowska and Dominika Gł ˛abska *Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of LifeSciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;dominika_skolmowska@sggw.pl, Correspondence: dominika_glabska@sggw.pl; Tel.: +48-22-593-71-26, Received: 9 April 2019; Accepted: May 7, 2019; Published: May 10 2019 file:///C:/Users/Asus/Downloads/nutrients-11-01049.pdf , https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1049?type=check_update&version=1
256Effect of ascorbic acid intake on nonheme-iron absorption from a complete diet, Effect of ascorbic acid intake on nonheme-iron absorption from a complete diet, AJCN, January 1, 2001, James D Cook, Manju B ReddyThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 73, Issue 1, January 2001, Pages 93–98, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/73.1.93Published: 01 January 2001 Article historyhttps://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/73/1/93/4729737
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265Medical and Dietary Therapy for Kidney Stone Prevention,PMC, November 28, 2014, Gul Z, Monga M. Medical and dietary therapy for kidney stone prevention. Korean J Urol. 2014 Dec;55(12):775-9. doi: 10.4111/kju.2014.55.12.775. Epub 2014 Nov 28. PMID: 25512810; PMCID: PMC4265710., Zeynep Gul and Manoj Monga,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.1The Cleveland Clinic, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.corresponding authorCorresponding author.Corresponding Author: Manoj Monga. Stevan B. Streem Center for Endourology & Stone Disease, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue/Q10-1, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. TEL: +1-216-445-8678, FAX: +1-216-636-0770, gro.fcc@magnom, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265710/
267Medical and Dietary Therapy for Kidney Stone Prevention,PMC, November 28, 2014, Gul Z, Monga M. Medical and dietary therapy for kidney stone prevention. Korean J Urol. 2014 Dec;55(12):775-9. doi: 10.4111/kju.2014.55.12.775. Epub 2014 Nov 28. PMID: 25512810; PMCID: PMC4265710., Zeynep Gul and Manoj Monga,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.1The Cleveland Clinic, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.corresponding authorCorresponding author.Corresponding Author: Manoj Monga. Stevan B. Streem Center for Endourology & Stone Disease, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue/Q10-1, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. TEL: +1-216-445-8678, FAX: +1-216-636-0770, gro.fcc@magnom, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265710/
271Effect of olive oil- and corn oil-enriched diets on the tissue mineral content in mice,PubMed, Summer 2001, Milin C, Domitrović R, Tota M, Giacometti J, Cuk M, Radosević-Stasić B, Ciganj Z. Effect of olive oil- and corn oil-enriched diets on the tissue mineral content in mice. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2001 Summer;82(1-3):201-10. doi: 10.1385/BTER:82:1-3:201. PMID: 11697767., C Milin 1, R Domitrović, M Tota, J Giacometti, M Cuk, B Radosević-Stasić, Z Ciganj, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697767/
272Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults,PMC,January to March 2015,Choudhary B, Shetty A, Langade DG. Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults. Ayu. 2015 Jan-Mar;36(1):63-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.169002. PMID: 26730141; PMCID: PMC4687242., Bakhtiar Choudhary, A. Shetty,1 and Deepak G. Langade2, Hyderabad Spine Clinic, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
1Zela Life Health Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2Department of Pharmacology, BVDU Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Address for correspondence: Dr. Deepak G. Langade, Dept. of Pharmacology, B.V.D.U. Dental College and Hospital, Sector 7, C.B.D. Belpada, Navi Mumbai – 400 614, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: moc.liamtoh@lgdrdhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687242/
273Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults,PMC,January to March 2015,Choudhary B, Shetty A, Langade DG. Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults. Ayu. 2015 Jan-Mar;36(1):63-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.169002. PMID: 26730141; PMCID: PMC4687242., Bakhtiar Choudhary, A. Shetty,1 and Deepak G. Langade2, Hyderabad Spine Clinic, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
1Zela Life Health Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2Department of Pharmacology, BVDU Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Address for correspondence: Dr. Deepak G. Langade, Dept. of Pharmacology, B.V.D.U. Dental College and Hospital, Sector 7, C.B.D. Belpada, Navi Mumbai – 400 614, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: moc.liamtoh@lgdrdhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687242/
278Effects of Calcium on Chlorophyll Synthesis and Stability in the Early Phase of Greening in Cucumber Cotyledons, PMC, June 1980, Tanaka A, Tsuji H. Effects of calcium on chlorophyll synthesis and stability in the early phase of greening in cucumber cotyledons. Plant Physiol. 1980 Jun;65(6):1211-5. doi: 10.1104/pp.65.6.1211. PMID: 16661362; PMCID: PMC440512. Ayumi Tanaka and Hideo Tsuji, Laboratory for Plant Ecological Studies, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606 Japan ,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC440512/
285Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc, NIH, 2001, Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients., Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US);.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222312/
288Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats,PubMed, September 23, 2016, Kelly KB, Kennelly JP, Ordonez M, Nelson R, Leonard K, Stabler S, Gomez-Muñoz A, Field CJ, Jacobs RL. Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Nutrients. 2016 Sep 23;8(10):594. doi: 10.3390/nu8100594. PMID: 27669293; PMCID: PMC5083982.Karen B Kelly 1, John P Kennelly 2, Marta Ordonez 3, Randal Nelson 4, Kelly Leonard 5, Sally Stabler 6, Antonio Gomez-Muñoz 7, Catherine J Field 8, René L Jacobs 9 10, 1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kkelly1@ualberta.ca.
2Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. jkennell@ualberta.ca.
3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. marta.ordonez87@gmail.com.
4Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rn1@ualberta.ca.
5Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kmd4@ualberta.ca.
6Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80206, USA. Sally.Stabler@ucdenver.edu.
7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. antonio.gomez@ehu.es.
8Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. cjfield@ualberta.ca.
9Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rjacobs@ualberta.ca.
291If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?Johnson MA. If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
292If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?Johnson MA. If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
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296How Long Do Vitamins Stay in Your System? – A Complete Guide
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300Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats,PubMed, September 23, 2016, Kelly KB, Kennelly JP, Ordonez M, Nelson R, Leonard K, Stabler S, Gomez-Muñoz A, Field CJ, Jacobs RL. Excess Folic Acid Increases Lipid Storage, Weight Gain, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Nutrients. 2016 Sep 23;8(10):594. doi: 10.3390/nu8100594. PMID: 27669293; PMCID: PMC5083982.Karen B Kelly 1, John P Kennelly 2, Marta Ordonez 3, Randal Nelson 4, Kelly Leonard 5, Sally Stabler 6, Antonio Gomez-Muñoz 7, Catherine J Field 8, René L Jacobs 9 10, 1Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kkelly1@ualberta.ca.
2Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. jkennell@ualberta.ca.
3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. marta.ordonez87@gmail.com.
4Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rn1@ualberta.ca.
5Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. kmd4@ualberta.ca.
6Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80206, USA. Sally.Stabler@ucdenver.edu.
7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48080, Spain. antonio.gomez@ehu.es.
8Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. cjfield@ualberta.ca.
9Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada. rjacobs@ualberta.ca.
301 If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it?PubMed, October 2007, Nutr Rev. 2007 Oct;65(10):451-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00270.x. PMID: 17972439.Mary Ann Johnson Faculty of Gerontology, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, Building 1010, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3622, USA. mjohnson@fcs.uga.edu1,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17972439/
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310Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19,PMC, August 15, 2020, Shakoor H, Feehan J, Mikkelsen K, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19. Maturitas. 2021 Feb;144:108-111. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32829981; PMCID: PMC7428453.Hira Shakoor,a Jack Feehan,b,c Kathleen Mikkelsen,b Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri,a Habiba I. Ali,a Carine Platat,a Leila Cheikh Ismail,d,e Lily Stojanovska,a,b and Vasso Apostolopoulosb,* Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
bInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
cDepartment of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
dClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
312Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies,PubMed, January 2017, Jat KR. Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Trop Doct. 2017 Jan;47(1):77-84. doi: 10.1177/0049475516644141. Epub 2016 May 13. PMID: 27178217., Kana Ram Jat 1, Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India drkanaram@gmail.com. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27178217/
313Vitamin B5, Pantothenic Acid food sources, Dandhea, June 10, 2022
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322Calcium Intake and Health,PMC, July 11, 2019, Cormick G, Belizán JM. Calcium Intake and Health. Nutrients. 2019 Jul 15;11(7):1606. doi: 10.3390/nu11071606. PMID: 31311164; PMCID: PMC6683260.,Gabriela Cormick1,2,3,* and Jose M Belizán1, 1Department of Mother and Child Health Research, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET), Emilio Ravignani 2024, Buenos Aires 1414, Argentina
2Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7725, South Africa
3Departamento de Salud, Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, San Justo 1903, Argentina
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359Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone, PubMed, June 1998, Barzel US, Massey LK. Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr. 1998 Jun;128(6):1051-3. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1051. PMID: 9614169.,U S Barzel 1, L K Massey, 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614169/
360Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone, PubMed, June 1998, Barzel US, Massey LK. Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr. 1998 Jun;128(6):1051-3. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1051. PMID: 9614169.,U S Barzel 1, L K Massey, 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614169/
361Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone, PubMed, June 1998, Barzel US, Massey LK. Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr. 1998 Jun;128(6):1051-3. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1051. PMID: 9614169.,U S Barzel 1, L K Massey, 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614169/
362Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone, PubMed, June 1998, Barzel US, Massey LK. Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr. 1998 Jun;128(6):1051-3. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1051. PMID: 9614169.,U S Barzel 1, L K Massey, 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614169/
363Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone, PubMed, June 1998, Barzel US, Massey LK. Excess dietary protein can adversely affect bone. J Nutr. 1998 Jun;128(6):1051-3. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1051. PMID: 9614169.,U S Barzel 1, L K Massey, 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614169/
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2Pediatrics Medical Group, San Juan, 00907, Puerto Rico
452What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride?PubMed,February 2009, Bergman C, Gray-Scott D, Chen JJ, Meacham S. What is next for the Dietary Reference Intakes for bone metabolism related nutrients beyond calcium: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Feb;49(2):136-44. doi: 10.1080/10408390701764468. PMID: 18989832.,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989832/
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460Dietary Sources of Phosphorus among Adults in the United States: Results from NHANES 2001-2014, PubMed,JMcClure ST, Chang AR, Selvin E, Rebholz CM, Appel LJ. Dietary Sources of Phosphorus among Adults in the United States: Results from NHANES 2001-2014. Nutrients. 2017 Jan 30;9(2):95. doi: 10.3390/nu9020095. PMID: 28146091; PMCID: PMC5331526. Scott T McClure12, Alex R Chang345, Elizabeth Selvin678, Casey M Rebholz910, Lawrence J Appel111213, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. smcclur7@jhu.edu.
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Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. achang@geisinger.edu.
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521Safety issues and harmful pharmacological interactions of nutritional supplements in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: considerations for Standard of Care and emerging virus outbreaks, PMC, August 2020, Boccanegra B, Verhaart IEC, Cappellari O, Vroom E, De Luca A. Safety issues and harmful pharmacological interactions of nutritional supplements in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: considerations for Standard of Care and emerging virus outbreaks. Pharmacol Res. 2020 Aug;158:104917. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104917. Epub 2020 May 30. PMID: 32485610; PMCID: PMC7261230.Brigida Boccanegra,a,1 Ingrid E.C. Verhaart,b,c,1 Ornella Cappellari,a Elizabeth Vroom,c,d and Annamaria De Lucaa,*aUnit of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ItalybDepartment of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the NetherlandscDuchenne Parent Project, the NetherlandsdWorld Duchenne Organisation (UPPMD), the NetherlandsAnnamaria De Luca: ti.abinu@aculed.airamanna⁎Corresponding author. ti.abinu@aculed.airamanna1Both authors equally contributing to the manuscript. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7261230/
528High dietary calcium intakes reduce zinc absorption and balance in humans, PubMed, June 1997,Wood RJ, Zheng JJ. High dietary calcium intakes reduce zinc absorption and balance in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jun;65(6):1803-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/65.6.1803. PMID: 9174476.R J Wood1, J J Zheng ,Mineral Bioavailability Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture, HNRCA, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA. wood_mb@hnrc.tufts.edu https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9174476/
529Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? PubMed, January 2021,Shakoor H, Feehan J, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Apostolopoulos V, Stojanovska L. Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Maturitas. 2021 Jan;143:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Aug 9. PMID: 33308613; PMCID: PMC7415215., 1Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates.2Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.3Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.4Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.5Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: lily.stojanovska@uaeu.ac.ae.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308613/Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? PubMed, January 2021,Shakoor H, Feehan J, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Apostolopoulos V, Stojanovska L. Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Maturitas. 2021 Jan;143:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Aug 9. PMID: 33308613; PMCID: PMC7415215., 1Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates.2Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.3Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.4Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.5Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: lily.stojanovska@uaeu.ac.ae.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308613/
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541Comprehensive review on current developments of quinoline-based anticancer agents, ShwetaJainaVikashChandrabPankajKumar JaincKamlaPathakbDevendraPathakbAnkurVaidyab, a,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour University, Sagar, M.P. 470002, India,b, Pharmacy College, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, U.P. 206130, India, cCommunity Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, U.P. 206130, IndiaReceived 15 July 2016, Accepted 18 October 2016, Available online 26 October 2016, Version of Record 30 December 2019.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535216301897
543Quinoline food sources, Dandhea, September 20, 2022
544Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a Green Tea Polyphenol, Reduces Coronavirus Replication in a Mouse Model,Park R, Jang M, Park YI, Park Y, Jung W, Park J, Park J. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a Green Tea Polyphenol, Reduces Coronavirus Replication in a Mouse Model. Viruses. 2021 Dec 17;13(12):2533. doi: 10.3390/v13122533. PMID: 34960802; PMCID: PMC8704347. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34960802/
549Curcumin as a permeability enhancer enhanced the antihyperlipidemic activity of dietary green tea extract, PMC, June 13, 2019, Pandit AP, Joshi SR, Dalal PS, Patole VC. Curcumin as a permeability enhancer enhanced the antihyperlipidemic activity of dietary green tea extract. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Jun 13;19(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2545-1. PMID: 31196040; PMCID: PMC6567481., Ashlesha P. Pandit,corresponding author1 Shreyas R. Joshi,1 Preeti S. Dalal,2 and Vinita C. Patole1, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy and Research, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033 India
2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSPM Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy and Research, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033 India
Ashlesha P. Pandit, Phone: +91 9822061364, Email: moc.liamg@tidnap.ahselhsa.
551Turmeric and Black Pepper, Dandhea, July 15, 2022
552Flavonoids are promising safe therapy against COVID-19, PMC, May 22, 2021, Alzaabi MM, Hamdy R, Ashmawy NS, Hamoda AM, Alkhayat F, Khademi NN, Al Joud SMA, El-Keblawy AA, Soliman SSM. Flavonoids are promising safe therapy against COVID-19. Phytochem Rev. 2022;21(1):291-312. doi: 10.1007/s11101-021-09759-z. Epub 2021 May 22. PMID: 34054380; PMCID: PMC8139868. Moza Mohamed Alzaabi,1,4 Rania Hamdy,2,5 Naglaa S. Ashmawy,2,6 Alshaimaa M. Hamoda,2,7,8 Fatemah Alkhayat,3 Neda Naser Khademi,3 Sara Mahmoud Abo Al Joud,3 Ali A. El-Keblawy,1,4 and Sameh S. M. Solimancorresponding author2, 1Department of Applied Biology, College of Science, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates2Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates3College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates4Research Institutes of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates5Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt6Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt7Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt8College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesSameh S. M. Soliman, Email: ea.ca.hajrahs@namiloss. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8139868/
554Benefits of Hesperidin for Cutaneous Functions,PubMed, April 2, 2019, Man MQ, Yang B, Elias PM. Benefits of Hesperidin for Cutaneous Functions. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Apr 2;2019:2676307. doi: 10.1155/2019/2676307. PMID: 31061668; PMCID: PMC6466919.,Mao-Qiang Man 1 2, Bin Yang 1, Peter M Elias 2, 1Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China.2Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31061668/
557Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? PubMed, January 2021,Shakoor H, Feehan J, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Apostolopoulos V, Stojanovska L. Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Maturitas. 2021 Jan;143:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Aug 9. PMID: 33308613; PMCID: PMC7415215., 1Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates.2Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.3Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.4Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.5Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: lily.stojanovska@uaeu.ac.ae.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308613/
562Vitamin E food sources, Dandhea,August 31, 2022
563Selenium Deficiency Symptoms,Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19—A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship,PMC, Januaty 11, 2022, Schomburg L. Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19-A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 11;14(2):283. doi: 10.3390/nu14020283. PMID: 35057464; PMCID: PMC8781157,Lutz Schomburg, Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; ed.etirahc@grubmohcs.ztul; Tel.: +49-30-450-524-289; Fax: +49-30-450-752-4289 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781157/figure/nutrients-14-00283-f001/
564Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19—A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship,PMC, Januaty 11, 2022, Schomburg L. Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19-A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 11;14(2):283. doi: 10.3390/nu14020283. PMID: 35057464; PMCID: PMC8781157,Lutz Schomburg, Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; ed.etirahc@grubmohcs.ztul; Tel.: +49-30-450-524-289; Fax: +49-30-450-752-4289 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781157/figure/nutrients-14-00283-f001/
565Higher Selenium levels in blood serum prevent Covid-19 , Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19—A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship,PMC, Januaty 11, 2022, Schomburg L. Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19-A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 11;14(2):283. doi: 10.3390/nu14020283. PMID: 35057464; PMCID: PMC8781157,Lutz Schomburg, Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; ed.etirahc@grubmohcs.ztul; Tel.: +49-30-450-524-289; Fax: +49-30-450-752-4289 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781157/figure/nutrients-14-00283-f001/
566Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19—A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship,PMC, Januaty 11, 2022, Schomburg L. Selenium Deficiency in COVID-19-A Possible Long-Lasting Toxic Relationship. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 11;14(2):283. doi: 10.3390/nu14020283. PMID: 35057464; PMCID: PMC8781157,Lutz Schomburg, Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; ed.etirahc@grubmohcs.ztul; Tel.: +49-30-450-524-289; Fax: +49-30-450-752-4289 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781157/figure/nutrients-14-00283-f001/
567Acute Selenium Toxicity Associated With a Dietary Supplement
599Nitric Oxide and the Biological Cascades Underlying Increased Neurogenesis, Enhanced Learning Ability, and Academic Ability as an Effect of Increased Bouts of Physical Activity, PubMed, July 15, 2012, Hunt SJ, Navalta JW. Nitric Oxide and the Biological Cascades Underlying Increased Neurogenesis, Enhanced Learning Ability, and Academic Ability as an Effect of Increased Bouts of Physical Activity. Int J Exerc Sci. 2012 Jul 15;5(3):245-275. PMID: 27182387; PMCID: PMC4738928.SAMUEL J. HUNT1,† and JAMES W. NAVALTA1,2,‡ , 1Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA2University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA‡Denotes professional author†Denotes graduate student author https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4738928/
610Nitric Oxide and the Biological Cascades Underlying Increased Neurogenesis, Enhanced Learning Ability, and Academic Ability as an Effect of Increased Bouts of Physical Activity, PubMed, July 15, 2012, Hunt SJ, Navalta JW. Nitric Oxide and the Biological Cascades Underlying Increased Neurogenesis, Enhanced Learning Ability, and Academic Ability as an Effect of Increased Bouts of Physical Activity. Int J Exerc Sci. 2012 Jul 15;5(3):245-275. PMID: 27182387; PMCID: PMC4738928.SAMUEL J. HUNT1,† and JAMES W. NAVALTA1,2,‡ , 1Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA2University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA‡Denotes professional author†Denotes graduate student author https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4738928/
612Serotonin Stimulating Scents, Dandhea, July 4, 2022
613A potentially lethal condition, serotonin syndrome (SS) is caused most often when certain antidepressant agents are taken concurrently with other drugs that modulate synaptic serotonin levels.1,2 When patients take two or more antidepressants from different pharmacologic classes, drug-drug interactions may occur; these interactions may lead to potentially severe serotonin toxicity, or SS. This syndrome was first described during the 1960s in studies of monotherapy and combination therapy with antidepressant medications. Some drugs that increase serotonin release are dextromethorphan, meperidine, methadone, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (also known as MDMA or ecstasy), and mirtazapine.Nov 17, 2010 , US Pharmacist, November 17, 2010, https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/drug-induced-serotonin-syndrome
614For food sources of Folate see chapter 7.5.C.7, For food sources of Vitamin B12 , see 7.f.B.12
615Vitamin B9, Folate food sources, Dandhea, June 8, 2022
616Vitamin B12, Cobalamin food sources, Dandhea, August 30, 2022
618Omega-3-ALA Food Sources. Dandhea, July 2, 2022
619Citrulline food sources for Dopamine and Serontonin Dandhea, July 2, 2022
620Deoiled sunflower seeds ameliorate depression by promoting the production of monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibiting oxidative stress, PubMed, January 21, 2021, Lu X , Ce Q , Jin L , Zheng J , Sun M , Tang X , Li D , Sun J. Deoiled sunflower seeds ameliorate depression by promoting the production of monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibiting oxidative stress. Food Funct. 2021 Jan 21;12(2):573-586. doi: 10.1039/d0fo01978j. Epub 2020 Dec 23. PMID: 33367360., Xiaomeng Lu 1, Qi Ce, Long Jin, Jie Zheng, Mei Sun, Xue Tang, Duo Li, Jin Sun,1Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China. sunj@qdu.eud.cn., https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33367360/
629Relaxing effect of rose oil on humans, PubMed, February 4, 2009,, Hongratanaworakit T. Relaxing effect of rose oil on humans. Nat Prod Commun. 2009 Feb;4(2):291-6. PMID: 19370942.Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Ongkharak Road, Nakhonnayok 26120, Thailand. tapanee@swu.ac.thhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19370942/
630Rose Flowers-A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?PubMed, January 21, 2021, Mileva M, Ilieva Y, Jovtchev G, Gateva S, Zaharieva MM, Georgieva A, Dimitrova L, Dobreva A, Angelova T, Vilhelmova-Ilieva N, Valcheva V, Najdenski H. Rose Flowers-A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer? Biomolecules. 2021 Jan 19;11(1):127. doi: 10.3390/biom11010127
634The effects of nutrients on mood,PubMed, September 1999, Benton D, Donohoe RT. The effects of nutrients on mood. Public Health Nutr. 1999 Sep;2(3A):403-9. doi: 10.1017/s1368980099000555. PMID: 10610080, D Benton 1, R T Donohoe, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK. d.benton@swansea.ac.uk, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10610080/
636Dietary fat ingestion activates β-endorphin neurons in the hypothalamus, PubMed, April 24, 2012, Matsumura S, Eguchi A, Okafuji Y, Tatsu S, Mizushige T, Tsuzuki S, Inoue K, Fushiki T. Dietary fat ingestion activates β-endorphin neurons in the hypothalamus. FEBS Lett. 2012 Apr 24;586(8):1231-5. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.03.028. Epub 2012 Mar 23. PMID: 22575661., Shigenobu Matsumura 1, Ai Eguchi, Yoko Okafuji, Sotaro Tatsu, Takafumi Mizushige, Satoshi Tsuzuki, Kazuo Inoue, Tohru Fushiki, 1Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. sigenobu@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22575661/
637Carbohydrate ingestion, blood glucose and mood,PubMed, May 2002, Benton D. Carbohydrate ingestion, blood glucose and mood. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2002 May;26(3):293-308. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00004-0. PMID: 12034132., David Benton 1, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. d.benton@swansea.ac.uk, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12034132/
638Vitamin C, Pain and Opioid Use Disorder, PubMed, June 19, 2020, Zelfand E. Vitamin C, Pain and Opioid Use Disorder. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2020 Jun;19(3):18-29. PMID: 33132774; PMCID: PMC7572147, Erica Zelfand 1integrative family physician in private practice based in Portland, Oregon. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33132774/
639Acute Effects of Capsaicin on Proopioimelanocortin mRNA Levels in the Arcuate Nucleus of Sprague-Dawley Rats,PMC, April 30, 2012. Lee JS, Kim SG, Kim HK, Baek SY, Kim CM. Acute effects of capsaicin on proopioimelanocortin mRNA levels in the arcuate nucleus of Sprague-Dawley rats. Psychiatry Investig. 2012 Jun;9(2):187-90. doi: 10.4306/pi.2012.9.2.187. Epub 2012 Apr 30. PMID: 22707971; PMCID: PMC3372568, 1Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
2Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
3Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
4Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
5Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
640Rhodiola-water extract induces β-endorphin secretion to lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats, PubMed, November 28, 2012, Lee WJ, Chung HH, Cheng YZ, Lin HJ, Cheng JT. Rhodiola-water extract induces β-endorphin secretion to lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Phytother Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):1543-7. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4900. Epub 2012 Nov 28. PMID: 23192943. Wei-Jing Lee 1, Hsien-Hui Chung, Yung-Ze Cheng, Hung Jung Lin, Juei-Tang Cheng, 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 73101, Taiwan.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23192943/
6417 Science-Backed Health Benefits of Rhodiola rosea, Healthline, Updated on August 10, 2021 , Gavin Van De Walle, MS, RD and Karen Lamoreux, Medically reviewed by Jillian Kubala, MS, RD, Nutrition —https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/rhodiola-rosea
642Endorphin production stimulating foods, Dandhea, September 23, 2022
643Effects of ginseng on stress-related depression, anxiety, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis,PMC, January, 24, 2017, Lee S, Rhee DK. Effects of ginseng on stress-related depression, anxiety, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. J Ginseng Res. 2017 Oct;41(4):589-594. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.01.010. Epub 2017 Jan 24. PMID: 29021708; PMCID: PMC5628357., Seungyeop Lee and Dong-Kwon Rhee, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Su-Won 16419, Republic of Korea
Dong-Kwon Rhee: ude.ukks@eehrkd
∗Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.School of PharmacySungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-guSuwon16419Republic of Korea ude.ukks@eehrkd https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628357/
645Evaluation of antidepressant activity of vanillin in mice, PMC, March-April 2013, Shoeb A, Chowta M, Pallempati G, Rai A, Singh A. Evaluation of antidepressant activity of vanillin in mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013 Mar-Apr;45(2):141-4. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.108292. PMID: 23716889; PMCID: PMC3660925.. Ahsan Shoeb, Mukta Chowta, Gokul Pallempati, Amritha Rai, and Ashish Singh, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Zinc is a trace element which is essential to to cell function and involved in over 100 enzymes. Zinc has long been tauted for it’s potential to support the immune system, but also plays an important role in wound healing, fertility, preventing and treating pneumonia and preserving community between neurons (memory).
According to Revici’s theory4, Zinc is strongly anabolic, which means it builds up the body.
Omega-3-ALA and Omega-6-LAalso work as Zinc ionophores, with the extra advantage of repairing cell membranes and carrying Zinc to damaged cell membranes, as Dr. Revici explained.
Zinc is an essential mineral forming a component of more than 300 enzymes in the body with functions including wound healing, immune system function, building proteins and DNA, fertility in adults and growth in children. Zinc is also needed for maintaining the senses of smell and taste.
The essentiality of zinc in humans was established in 1963.
During the past 50 years tremendous advances in both clinical and basic sciences of zinc metabolism in humans have been observed.
In 1963, we knew of only 3 enzymes that required zinc for their activities, but now we know of >300 enzymes and >1000 transcription factors that are known to require zinc for their activities.5
Zinc is a second messenger of immune cells, and intracellular free zinc in these cells participate in signaling events.
Zinc not only modulates cell-mediated immunity but is also an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
Health benefits
Zinc has been very successfully used as a therapeutic modality for the management of acute diarrhea in children, Wilson’s disease, the common cold and for the prevention of blindness in patients with age-related dry type of macular degeneration and is very effective in decreasing the incidence of infection in the elderly.
A deficiency in zinc can lead to loss of the senses of smell and taste, stunted growth, diarrhea, impotence, hair loss, eye and skin lesions, impaired appetite, and depressed immunity.
The major factor contributing to zinc deficiency is high phytate-containing cereal protein intake
in the developing world, and nearly 2 billion subjects may be zinc deficient.
Conditioned deficiency of zinc has been observed in patients with malabsorption syndrome, liver disease, chronic renal disease, sickle cell disease, and other chronic illnesses.
The figure below shows the effect of QCT (Which is quercitin) , EGCG, and CQ (clioquinol) on the uptake of zinc cations by liposomes. Zinc-dependent fluorescence emission of FluoZin-3 encapsulated within liposomes treated with zinc cation s, polyphenols, and CQ.
Quinine is known as a serious poison, but small quantities are recognized as therapeutic.
The advice is to take 300 mg a day. Tonic water contains no more than 83 mg of quinine per liter—a much lower concentration than the 500 to 1,000 mg in the therapeutic dose of quinine tablets. 29
And the amount in walnuts and grapefruit is still lower.
Quercetin (C15H10O7) is a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, which has unique biological properties that may improve mental/physical performance and reduce infection risk . These properties form the basis for potential benefits to overall health and disease resistance, including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and psychostimulant activities, as well as the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation and capillary permeability, and to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis
Quercetins are naturally occurring flavonoids. These flavonoids are found in a variety of foods, including vegetables such as onions, garlic, brassica, mustard greens, and ginger; fruit such as apples, berries, and grapes; and many seeds, nuts, flowers bark and tea leaves35
Quercetin as a Zinc Ionophore
Quercetin is a zinc ionophore (13). A 2015 study found that that Quercetin shows inhibitory activity in the early stages of a wide range of influenza viruses, including H1N1 and H5N1 (14). Although influenza is not in the same family of viruses as the coronavirus, it’s plausible that a similar mechanism could apply here. There is actually some evidence that Quercetin has already proven effective at treating Ebola and Zika viruses36.
Hypothesis of zinc ascorbate as best zinc ionophore for raising antiviral resistance against Covid‐1937.
Quercetin-type flavonols (primarily as quercetin glycosides), the most abundant of the flavonoid molecules, are widely distributed in plants.
They are found in a variety of foods including apples, berries, Brassica vegetables, capers, grapes, onions, shallots, tea, and tomatoes, as well as many seeds, nuts, flowers, barks, and leaves.
Quercetin is also found in medicinal botanicals, including Ginkgo biloba, Hypericum perforatum, and Sambucus canadensis .
In red onions, higher concentrations of quercetin occur in the outermost rings and in the part closest to the root, the latter being the part of the plant with the highest concentration .
One study found that organically grown tomatoes had 79% more quercetin than chemically grown fruit .
Quercetin is present in various kinds of honey from different plant sources .
Food-based sources of quercetin include vegetables, fruits, berries, nuts, beverages and other products of plant origin .
In the determined food, the highest concentration is 234 mg/100 g of edible portion in capers (raw), the lowest concentration is 2 mg/100 g of edible portion in black or green tea (Camellia sinensis) 38.
Dietary intake of quercetin was different in several countries. The estimated flavonoid intake ranges from 50 to 800 mg/day (quercetin accounts for 75%), mostly depending on the consumption of fruits and vegetables and the intake of tea39 . Foods that commonly contain quercetin include onions, apples, grapes, berries, broccoli, citrus fruits, cherries, tea, and capers
The concentrations of flavonols (kaempeferol, quercetin, myricetin) were determined in 22 plant materials (9 vegetables, 5 fruits, and 8 medicinal plant organs). The materials were extracted with acidified methanol (methanol/HCl, 100:1, v/v) and analyzed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) with UV detection. The total flavonols contents varied significantly (P<0.05) among vegetables, fruits and medicinal plant organs ranged from 0 to 1720.5, 459.9 to 3575.4, and 2.42 to 6125.6mgkg(-1) of dry matter, respectively. Among vegetables, spinach and cauliflower exhibited the highest amounts of flavonols (1720.5 and 1603.9mgkg(-1), respectively), however, no flavonols were detected in garlic. Within fruits, highest level of flavonols was observed in strawberry (3575.4mgkg(-1)), whereas, the lowest in apple fruit (459.9mgkg(-1)). Of the medicinal plant organs, moringa and aloe vera leaves contained the highest contents of flavonols (6125.6 and 1636.04mgkg(-1)), respectively, whereas, lowest was present in barks (2.42-274.07mgkg(-1)). Overall, leafy green vegetables, soft fruits and medicinal plant leaves exhibited higher levels of flavonols.41
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), also known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, is the ester of epigallocatechin and gallic acid, and is a type of catechin.
EGCG – the most abundant catechin in tea 56especially in in green tea and touted as the most effective chemopreventive polyphenol . A recent study found EGCG amplified the effectiveness of Quercetin as a zinc ionophore. This suggests that ECGC and Quercetin provide a synergistic effect with enhanced bioavailability.
5Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies,PubMed, January, 2017, Jat KR. Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Trop Doct. 2017 Jan;47(1):77-84. doi: 10.1177/0049475516644141. Epub 2016 May 13. PMID: 27178217,Kana Ram Jat 1 , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27178217/
16ALOE VERA: A SHORT REVIEW, PMC, 2008, Surjushe A, Vasani R, Saple DG. Aloe vera: a short review. Indian J Dermatol. 2008;53(4):163-6. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.44785. PMID: 19882025; PMCID: PMC2763764., Amar Surjushe, Resham Vasani, and D G Saple , From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Grant Medical College and Sir J J Group of Hospitals, Mumbai – 400 008 Maharashtra, IndiaAddress for correspondence: Dr. Amar Surjushe, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Grant Medical College, Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital, Mumbai – 400 008, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: moc.liamffider@ehsujrusramard https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2763764/
17Aloe vera extract functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles as nanoantibiotics against multi-drug resistant clinical bacterial isolates, PubMed, March 12, 2016, Ali K, Dwivedi S, Azam A, Saquib Q, Al-Said MS, Alkhedhairy AA, Musarrat J. Aloe vera extract functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles as nanoantibiotics against multi-drug resistant clinical bacterial isolates. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2016 Jun 15;472:145-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.021. Epub 2016 Mar 12. PMID: 27031596, Khursheed Ali1, Sourabh Dwivedi2, Ameer Azam3, Quaiser Saquib4, Mansour S Al-Said5, Abdulaziz A Alkhedhairy4, Javed Musarrat6 , https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27031596/
18Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease from Aloe vera compounds: A molecular docking study,PubMed, September 2020, Mpiana PT, Ngbolua KT, Tshibangu DST, Kilembe JT, Gbolo BZ, Mwanangombo DT, Inkoto CL, Lengbiye EM, Mbadiko CM, Matondo A, Bongo GN, Tshilanda DD. Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease from Aloe vera compounds: A molecular docking study. Chem Phys Lett. 2020 Sep;754:137751. doi: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137751. Epub 2020 Jun 30. PMID: 33518775; PMCID: PMC7833182. Pius T Mpiana 1, Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua 2 3, Damien S T Tshibangu 1, Jason T Kilembe 1, Benjamin Z Gbolo 2 3, Domaine T Mwanangombo 1, Clement L Inkoto 2, Emmanuel M Lengbiye 2, Clement M Mbadiko 2, Aristote Matondo 1, Gedeon N Bongo 2, Dorothée D Tshilanda, 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, P.O Box 190, Kinshasa 11, Congo.2Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, P.O Box 190, Kinshasa 11, Congo.3Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gbado-Lite, P.O Box 111, Gbado-Lite, Congo. 1https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33518775/
20Ionophores: Ionophores are low molecular weight natural products which dissolve in the plasma membrane or intracellular membranes of cells and make the membrane permeable to specific ions, Science Direct,https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/ionophores
21Ionophores: Ionophores are low molecular weight natural products which dissolve in the plasma membrane or intracellular membranes of cells and make the membrane permeable to specific ions, Science Direct,https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/ionophores
28What to know about quinine in tonic water, Medical News Today, November 14, 2018 ,Jenna Fletcher,,Medically reviewed by Katherine Marengo LDN, R.D., Nutrition , https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323692
2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy, Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical, Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy, Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical, Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy, Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical, Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy, Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical, Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
44Effect of different exposed lights on quercetin and quercetin glucoside content in onion (Allium cepa L.) PMC,November 23, 2014, Ko EY, Nile SH, Sharma K, Li GH, Park SW. Effect of different exposed lights on quercetin and quercetin glucoside content in onion (Allium cepa L.). Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Jul;22(4):398-403. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.11.012 . Epub 2014 Nov 23. PMID: 26150744 ; PMCID: PMC4486465.Eun Young Ko,a,1 Shivraj Hariram Nile,a,1 Kavita Sharma,a Guan Hao Li,b,⁎ and Se Won Parka,⁎ aDepartment of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
bDepartment of Food Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, China
Guan Hao Li: nc.ude.uby@ilhg; Se Won Park: rk.ca.kuknok@krapwes
46Consumption of black currants, lingonberries and bilberries increases serum quercetin concentrations,Nature, October 9, 2001, Erlund, I., Marniemi, J., Hakala, P. et al. Consumption of black currants, lingonberries and bilberries increases serum quercetin concentrations. Eur J Clin Nutr 57, 37–42 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601513https://www.nature.com/articles/1601513
47Evaluation of the total phenolics and quercetin content of foliage in mycorrhizal grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties and effect of postharvest drying on quercetin yield,Science Direct, February 20, 2012, M.EftekhariaM.AlizadehaP.Ebrahimib Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Golestan, Gorgan, Islamic Republic of Iran bGonbad Institute of Higher Education, Golestan, Gonbad, Islamic Republic of Iran
51Estimated Daily Intake and Seasonal Food Sources of Quercetin in Japan,PMC, April 2, 2015, Nishimuro H, Ohnishi H, Sato M, Ohnishi-Kameyama M, Matsunaga I, Naito S, Ippoushi K, Oike H, Nagata T, Akasaka H, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Kobori M. Estimated daily intake and seasonal food sources of quercetin in Japan. Nutrients. 2015 Apr 2;7(4):2345-58. doi: 10.3390/nu7042345 PMID: 25849945 ; PMCID: PMC4425148.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4425148/ A word of caution: this research also pretends that the quercetin content of foods is dependent on the season. But look closely: the ones that are in the December list as lacking quercetin do not even appear on the June-July list, They never have quercetin in them.
53Hypoglycemic Activity of Aloe vera Powder and Gel Drink in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats, Science Alert, 2020, Chatarina Wariyah and Riyanto Chatarina Wariyah and Riyanto , 2020. Hypoglycemic Activity of Aloe vera Powder and Gel Drink in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Research Journal of Medicinal Plants, 14: 149-155.
58Curcumin as a permeability enhancer enhanced the antihyperlipidemic activity of dietary green tea extract, PMC, June 13, 2019, Pandit AP, Joshi SR, Dalal PS, Patole VC. Curcumin as a permeability enhancer enhanced the antihyperlipidemic activity of dietary green tea extract. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Jun 13;19(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2545-1. PMID: 31196040; PMCID: PMC6567481., Ashlesha P. Pandit,corresponding author1 Shreyas R. Joshi,1 Preeti S. Dalal,2 and Vinita C. Patole1, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy and Research, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033 India
2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSPM Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy and Research, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033 India
Ashlesha P. Pandit, Phone: +91 9822061364, Email: moc.liamg@tidnap.ahselhsa.
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