The discovery of Amygdalin, which is found in over 1200 food sources, as a remedy for cancer has spanned several generations.
British embryologist and histologist Dr John Beard (Heaton Norris, Manchester, November 11,1858 – Edinburgh, November 24, 1924), theorized that cancer could be stabilized by enzymes.
Dr. John Beard, first proposed his trophoblast model of cancer in 1902. A trophoblast is a thin layer of cells that helps a developing embryo attach to the wall of the uterus, protects the embryo, and forms a part of the placenta.1
Its core predictions are that
1) adult stem cells are ectopic2 trophoblasts that have migrated to other tissues early in embryogenesis.
2) pancreatic enzymes are the key signal that converts the trophoblast into the stable placenta;
3) cancer arises from trophoblasts that have escaped regulatory control; and
4) pancreatic enzymes can be used to treat cancer. 3 4 5
Dr John Beard6
In the 1920s, Based on Dr John Beard’s theory, Dr. Ernst T. Krebs Sr. formulated a hypothesis that amygdalin, could stop cancer from metastasizing.
Amygdalin(from Ancient Greek: ἀμυγδαλή amygdálē “almond”) is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in many plants, most notably in the seeds (kernels) of apricots, bitter almonds, apples, peaches, and plums. 7
It has nothing to do with the amygdala,other than that the word is formed from the same Greek word for almond. 8
Amygdalin occurs naturally in the seeds of plants of the prunasin family. You can find Amygdalin in more than 1200 foods, such as, you guessed it, almonds, but also in:
Dr Ernst T. Krebs Sr.9
- Squash seeds, millet seeds, and buckwheat seeds.
- Fruit seeds – The seeds found within apricot pits have some of the highest natural amounts of Amygdalin . But apricots aren’t the only fruit whose seeds o ffer Amygdallin. Other fruit seeds that have Amygdalin include apples, plums, pears, cherriesGrape seeds. And peach Kernels have Amygdalin as well.
- Flax seeds – In addition to Amygdalin, flax seeds are also high in soluble fiber, Omega-3 fatty acids, and protein. You can easily incorporate them into your diet by adding them to smoothies, sprinkling them over salad for an added crunch, or baking them into homemade granola. Squash seeds, millet seeds, and buckwheat seeds are also notable sources of Amygdalin.
- Berries – Raspberries, elderberries, strawberries, cranberries,blueberries, and blackberries all contain Amygdalin. The vitamin is present within the berry itself, as well as within the berry’s tiny seeds. Berries are also high in antioxidants,
- Nuts– Almonds offer high levels of Amygdalin They’re also a great source of protein. Feel free to put together a medley of almonds, macadamia nuts, cashews—all of which contain Amygdalin —and the
- Grains – Grains like sorghum and buckwheat provide an abundance of Amygdalin .
- Sprouts – Bamboo sprouts, alfalfa sprouts, and mung sprouts all boast high levels of Amygdalin .
Other Amygdalin sources include Plums, Lima beans, Spinach and Barley
Dr. Ernst T. Krebs Sr.’s son, Ernst T. Krebs Jr, (Carson City, Nevada, May 17, 1911 – San Francisco. California.September 8, 1996) was a biochemist10 who elaborated on his father’s studies on amygdalin, also called B17,11 and made a synthetic drug called laetrile and patented it12.
Ernst T. Krebs Jr13
Professor Ralph Moss 14 ( born Brooklyn, May 6, 194315, MA, 1973, PhD, 1974, Classics). writer, director at Moss reports,was a science writer and assistant director of public affairs at Memorial Slone-Kettering Cancer Research center from 1974 to 1977. Three years after he was fired from Sloan Kettering Moss wrote a book called The Cancer Industry, Moss has since devoted his life to studying different kinds of cancer therapy from all around the world. 16He has written 15 books on the subject and is a consultant to scientists, doctors and patients worldwide regarding questions related to complementary medicine. Ralph served as an adcisor to America’s NIH on complementary approaches to cancer from 1991-2001. In 1994 he was formally invited by Harold Varmus, MD, the director of NIH, to be a member of NIH’s Alternative Medicine Program advisory Council.17
While he was employed at Sloan Kettering, Ralph Moss was told to write a biography on one of its oldest still working scientists, Dr. Kanematsu Sugiura and his 60 year career as a researcher at Sloan -Kettering
In 1974, Professor Moss met with the elderly Japanese scientist, Dr. Kanematsu Sugiura (Tsushima, Japan. June 5,189019 – White Plains, New York, October 21, 1979) who had been a cancer researcher at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center since 1917 20
Dr. Sugiura came to the United States in 1905 as a 15‐year‐old member of a troupe of Japanese judo and kendo performers who were guests of the family of E. H. Harriman21 (February 20, 1848 – September 9, 1909), the railroad builder and financier.
In 1905, a group of six young Japanese men, including Sugiura, were invited by E. H. Harriman to be his guests in the United States to present an exhibition on the techniques of juijitsu and kenjitsu.
After a six-month visit, the group returned to Japan without young Sugiura.
Dr. Kanematsu Sugiura 22
Kanematsu Sugiura chose to remain in the United States and was placed under the guardianship of Dr. William J. Lyle,23 personal physician to E. H. Harriman.24
Kanematsu Sugiura had decided to continue his education in the United States.
He completed high school, received his bachelor’s degree from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1915, and completed the master of arts program at Columbia University in 1917.
Dr. Sugiura received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, in 1917 a master’s degree in chemistry from Columbia University and in 1925 a doctorate in science from the Kyoto Imperial University in Japan.
He had published 14 papers before completing his thesis, entitled “Study of Gooch’s Method for the Direct Determination of Aluminum in the Presence of Iron.
Kanematsu Sigiura began working on chemotherapeutic techniques in 1912, at a time when the medical profession believed that drug therapy for cancer was highly unorthodox.
In November 1917, he was hired by Dr. James Ewing25, Director of Memorial Hospital in New York City.
Dr. Ewing was anxious to expand investigations in cancer research, and he asked Sugiura to develop a tumor transplantation program.
Sugiura did as Ewing asked and more.
He became a “jack of all trades,” biochemist, radiologist, pharmacist, photographer, and “evening” pathologist at Dr. Ewing’s side.
Dr. Sugiura was involved in many aspects of cancer research at Memorial Hospital and later at the Sloan-Kettering Institute, beginning as an analytical chemist and progressing to studies on radiation, nutrition, enzyme therapy, enzyme activities, tumor transplantation, experimental chemotherapy, and carcinogenesis.
After World War II, he was appointed head of the solid tumor section of the Division of Experimental Chemother apy.
His test results in experimental chemotherapy encompass every type of chemical and biological agent received at the Sloan-Kettering Institute.
Dr. Sugiura retired as a member emeritus of the SloanKettering Institute in 1962.
However, until a month before his death, he continued to work in the Walker Laboratory six or seven days a week on numerous new projects in chemotherapy and carcinogenesis and on the development of new animal tumor models.
He was involved in studies on amygdalin and was convinced that amygdalin had positive effects in inhibiting metastatases of certain mouse tumors and that it might have palliative effects in human cancer.
His paper published in Gann in 1978, the last of more than 250 publications, represented his own handiwork and provided background information on a new colon tumor model.
Dr. Sugiura was officially an alien resident during World Wars I and II.
He was essentially under house arrest during World War II but, due to the efforts of Dr. Cornelius P. Rhoads26, remember, our chemical warfare head of the OSS, who set up chemical warfare labs, made a chemo therapy drug based on mustard gas, Sugiura was able to stay in his Bronx apartment and continue his work at the Old Memorial Hospital on 106th Street at Central Park West.
The then new Memorial Hospital was off limits for Dr. Sugiura ; however, in his experiments, he was able to use the cyclotron and isotopes of uranium at Columbia University.
Then the aticle says something odd: “Dr. Sugiura was a patriotic American and made significant contributions to the United States military efforts. “
Which military efforts? It’s very odd praise for a cancer researcher.
He became an American citizen in 1953.
In 1955, Dr. Sugiura returned to his native Japan for the first time since before World War II to address the Japanese Medical Association in Kyoto.
The Kyoto Imperial University had honored him in 1925 with a Doctor of Science degree.
In 1971, Dr. Sugiura made his final visit to Japan to attend the annual meeting of the Japanese Association for Cancer Research, which had elected him to honorary membership in 1955.
Kanematsu Sugiura was recognized by both the United States and Japanese governments and scientific groups.
For his early research in radiation, Dr. Sugiura received a Leonard Prize from the Roentgen Society in 1925.
He was honored by the Japanese government in 1960 for cultural services (which cutural services?), and in the same year Emperor Hirohito awarded him membership in the Order of the Sacred Treasure, third class (why?) . He was cited by Tokohu University, Kanazawa University, and Niigata University for cultural services (why?) .
In 1965, the Japan Medical Association presented Dr. Sugiura with its highest award for outstanding contributions to cancer research (which ones?) and for his services and inspiration to so many Japanese physicians and surgeons (which sevices?).
In 1966, the mayor of New York City and the New York County Medical Society recognized Dr. Sugiura for his cultural services and for his dedication to the field of medicine (Again, why?).
Throughout his life, Dr. Sugiura held fast to his convictions; he was generous with his time and talent and maintained the politeness characteristic of the Japanese.
He was devoted to his home area around Nagoya; his papers will be placed in the archives of the Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya.27
But if you look there, you see nothing.28 No archives showing Kanematsu Sugiura’s more than 250 papers. The base of chemo therapy. You know, that’s supposed to be so scientific.
And what do we find? Racist genocidal doctors using mustard gas and calling patients lab animals. Mention of research papers that are nowhere to be found. A mix up of substances. Very underwhelming.
In his Nobel lecture, 2018 Medicine Nobel Prize winner for the discovery of cancer therapies that stimulate the immune system to attack tumor cell, Tasuku Honjo explains why chemotherapy29 fails: the tumor mutates so fast that the chemo becomes useless. And it mutates much to fast to keep up, so chemotherapy30 can never succeed.
Dr. Sugiura provided a summary of his research activities from 1917 to 1971 in an article, entitled “Reminisc ence and Experience in Experimental Chemotherapy of Cancer, (Med. Clin. N. America, 55: 667-682, 1971). And that I found here 31
Reminiscence and Experience in Experimental Chemotherapy of Cancer Kanematsu Sugiura,
“Early in the Fall of 1905, shortly after Japan had won the RussoJapanese War, Mr. Edward H. Harriman, the American railroad magnate, came to Japan as the guest of the Japanese government.
Mr. Harriman wished to buy the South Manchurian Railroad which Japan had acquired from the Russians by the Treaty of Portsmouth.
The Japanese and Harriman, however, were unable to agree on a satisfactory settlement, and the deal fell through.
My brother, Kamasaburo Sugiura, was the official interpreter and guide for Mr. Harriman.
After being entertained by an exhibition of the art of kenjitsu and jiujitsu, he became fascinated by the technique that enabled a mere lad to tumble a man twice his size and strength in a matter of seconds without bodily injury to either.
In fact, he was so enthusiastic that he decided to take a team of five jiujitsu and kenjitsu men of Kodokan, Kyoto, back to the United States with him as an entertainment novelty, and I was included in the group.
The jiudo and kendo group joined Mr. and Mrs. Harriman and their family aboard the “Siberia Maru” for San Francisco in October, 1905.
After arriving in New York, I lived at the home of Dr. William G. Lyle, the Harriman family doctor.
The other members of the group were lodged in a Japanese inn.
In the stable of Mr. Harriman’s mansion at the corner of 55th Street and Fifth Avenue, we practiced jiudo and kendo every day.
We presented an exhibition for President Theodore Roosevelt and guests at the White House in Washington and in many clubs and private homes.
At the end of 6 months (which was the length of time we had agreed to remain in the United States), Mr. Harriman offered to provide financial support for any of us who chose to remain here.
Homesickness caused all but one to return to Japan.
I knew that if I returned home, I would never have the opportunity of a college education.
I remained at the home of Dr. Lyle and attended Public School No. 69, then Townsend Harris Hall High School.
After school hours I worked
And that’s it, just one page. 32
In addition, for those who read Japanese, a book entitled “80 Years’ Battle against Cancer—Kanematsu Sugiura,” was written by Shin Udono of Tokyo and published in 1976.33
Dr. Sugiura received the Highest Award of the Japan Medical Association for his contribution to cancer research and service to Japanese physicians visiting the United States.
At about the same time Emperor Hirohito presented the Order of the Sacred Treasure, Third Class, to him for his contributions to medical research. He was the co founder of chemo therapy34.
He was the oldest scientist still working at Sloan Kettering out of 4600 employees35..
Towards the end of the interview Professor Moss asked Dr. Sugiura what he was working on now. 36
Dr Sugiura said he was doing research on amygdalin, the natural form of laetrile.
Professor Moss asked him why he would reseacrh something that does not work.
Dr. Sugiura said that it stopped cancers from growing.37
At the time, laetrile, called asynthetic, man made form of amygdalin, but in realty nothing like amygdalin, was the most controversial cancer remedy.
Dr. Kanematsu Sugiura showed his lab books to Moss. He said to Moss that amygdalin was effective against cancer.It stopped the growth for 6 weeks while it was used, but when he stopped administering amygdalin, the tumors would grow again.
And Dr. Sugiura also discovered that amygdalin limited the spread of lung tumors in lab mice.
In control groups, which received only plain saline solutions, the lung tumors spread in 80 to 90% of the animals.
But in those given amygdalin the tumors spread in only 10 to 20% cases.
You would think that positive results like these would make everyone celebrate.
But when Professor Moss told his boss Gerry Delaney, who was head of public relations at Sloan- Kettering, about it, his boss told him to keep an eye on Dr Sugiura.
As Dr Sugiura achieved positive results with amygdalin, the leaders of Sloan- Kettering had two meetings with America’s medical authorities in Washington DC to discuss the resukts, in July of 1974 March of 1975.
Sloan Kettering pleaded with the medical authorities to be allowed to do human trials with amygdalin.
But suddenly, while high profile researchers were involved in trying to get amygdalin to be researched in human trials, an outsider was given a million dollar grant, something that would be equivalent to 4 million today, to disprove the effectiveness of laetrile. Note laetrile, not amygdalin.
You will find this trick happening often, where the natural substance that is proved to work is substituted with a synthetic one that does not even resemble it.. When the synthetic one does not work, the results are extrapolated to the natural substance, which is then suddenly called useless as well.
So actually Sloan-Kettering could have dodged this bullet, but instead they took the bait and abandoned the results of amygdalin because of the negative results with laetrile.
Professor Moss was told not to talk about it, and asked Dr Sugiura to leak his lab documents on the amygdalin research: They showed the strong inhibitory and preventative effect amygdalin had on lung and breast cancerm as the following images show:
Dr. Sugiura’s lab report.
Dr. Sugiura’s lab report.
Dr Moss brought the documents to the New York Times, who came and talked to several researchers at Sloan Kettering, but not to Dr Sugiura, so Dr. Moss was very disappointed, and the report inThe Times was very negative.
The report in the Times on laetrile, the results of which results were used to disprove the efficacy of amygdalin, which is rediculous because Laetrile and Amygdalin are completely different substances.
Seeing his link to the media was cut off. Dr. Moss now sent the data to activist groups for medical freedom, who ran with it, but look here, they also confuse amygdalin with laetrile:
Dr. Moss was uncomfortable with the right wing orientation of the medical freedom activists, and started his own organisation for medical freedom, called Second Opinion.
It was an anonymous,news outlet and most of the contributors were disgruntled Sloan-Kettering employees.
June 15 of 1977 there was a press conference at Sloan-Kettering with all the major news networks. 38Three of the four CEO’s named laetrile amygdalin inter changebly and pretended said they had no results. Dr Sugiura stood by his research but didn’t argue with the conclusions of the institution.39 He did hope his research would be confirmed in the future.
So there you also have the difference between mice getting laetrile and those getting amygdalin.
In control groups, which received only plain saline solutions, the lung tumors spread in 80 to 90% of the animals.
But in those given amygdalin the tumors spread in only 10 to 20% cases. And below the laetrile results:
On November 18 1977, Professor Ralph Moss spoke out on a press conference on Second Opinion, that had been spreading pamflets critisizing Sloan-Kettering and he spoke about the cover up of the effectiveness of amygdalin on fighting cancer.40
He was fired over being the spokesperson of Second Opinion, and was since able to voice his opinions freely. And this is what he found:
But laetrile is a very different substance from amygdalin.
Three years after he was fired. Professor Ralph Moss wrote a book, The Cancer Industry41, documenting his experience with Sloan-Kettering.
He has since devoted his life to researching various types of cancer therapy from all over the world.
He has published 15 books on this subject
He also wrote books about alternative therapies for cancer and launched the Moss reports.42
The problem is that laetrile and amygdalin are used interchangebly, while laetrile is a different substance from amygdalin.
It is explained here as well
The term laetrile is derived from the terms laevorotatory and mandelonitrile and is used to describe a purified form of the chemical amygdalin, a cyanogenic glucoside (a plant compound that contains sugar and produces hydrogen cyanide) found in the pits of many fruits and raw nuts and in other plants, such as lima beans, clover, and sorghum.
In body fluids and at physiological pH, hydrogen cyanide dissolves to form the cyanide anion.
The term vitamin B-17 was given to laetrile by E.T. Krebs Jr, but it is not an approved designation by the Committee on Nomenclature of the American Institute of Nutrition Vitamins. In the 1970s, laetrile gained popularity as an anticancer agent. By 1978, more than 70,000 individuals in the United States were reported to have been treated with it.43
Although the names Laetrile, vitamin B-17, and amygdalin are often used interchangeably, they are not the same product.
The chemical composition of U.S.-patented Laetrile (mandelonitrile-beta-glucuronide), a semisynthetic derivative of amygdalin, is different from the laetrile/amygdalin produced in Mexico (mandelonitrile beta-D-gentiobioside), which is made from crushed apricot pits.
Mandelonitrile, which contains a cyanide group, is a structural component of both products.
It has been proposed that released (hydrogen) cyanide is the active cancer-killing ingredient in laetrile, but two other breakdown products of amygdalin—prunasin (which is similar in structure to Laetrile) and benzaldehyde—may also be cancer cell inhibitors.
The studies discussed in this summary used either Mexican laetrile/amygdalin or the patented form. In most instances, the generic term laetrile will be used in this summary; however, a distinction will be made between the products when necessary. 44
This is amygdalin45, also called B17, the natural substance. The chemical formula for amygdalin C20H27NO11. 46
Amygdalin is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in many plants, most notably in the seeds of apricots, bitter almonds, apples, peaches, and plums. Wikipedia
Formula: C20H27NO11
IUPAC ID:[(6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy](phenyl)acetonitrile
Molar mass:457.431 g/mol
Boiling point:743.3°C
Melting point:213°C
ChemSpider ID:570897
Classification: Glycoside
And this is laetrile,47 Laetrile is synthesized from amygdalin by hydrolysis. The usual preferred commercial source is from apricot kernels (Prunus armeniaca). The name is derived from the separate words “laevorotatory” and “mandelonitrile”. 48
The chemical formula for laetrile is C14H15NO7
So the negative results with it as published on pubmed49, and healthline50, and this one 51 could be explained by it being laetrile the chemical formula of which is C14H15NO7, while Dr Sugiura studied amygdalin., the chemical formula of which is C20H27NO11. 52
They differ 6 Carbon atoms, 12 Hydrogen atoms and 4 Oxygen atoms.
As an illustration how different these to substances are, consider the following: The difference between C2H5OH53 and C6H12O6. This difference is 4 Carbon atoms and 5 Oxygen atoms. It is smaller than the difference between amygdalin and laetrile.
No one would consider calling alcohol glucose, or expect the same properties from glucose as from alcohol or vice versa. So why are laetril and amygdalin constantly mentioned as synonyms?
Alcohol: C2H5OH
Sugar C6H12O6
What is amazing to me is that even the same article that explains the difference between laetrile and amygdalin, still confuses the terms, when it says : “Laetrile was first used as a cancer treatment in Russia in 1845, and in the United States in the 1920s.”54
That could not have been Laetrile, because Laetrile was not patented until 1961.55
Sloan Kettering uses the terms amygdalin and laetrile interchangebly as well:
Although laboratory experiments suggest anticancer properties, clinical evidence does not support this use. Amygdalin (Laetrile®) has been linked to several cases of cyanide poisoning in cancer patients.
Amygdalin is metabolized by the enzyme beta-glucosidase, which removes the glucose molecules to form prunasin and mandelonitrile. This is further broken down to benzaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid. When consumed orally, amygdalin is more likely to produce cyanide toxicity, compared with the injectable form , possibly due to the presence of enzymes from the microflora in the intestine. Cyanide from the hydrolysis of amygdalin is cytotoxic. It was postulated that this action is selective against cancerous cells because normal cells convert the cyanide to benign thiocyanate via rhodanese 56
Amygdalin demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by promoting immunomodulation of Treg cells. In animal studies, amygdalin suppressed prostaglandin E(2) synthesis and NO production through COX-2 and iNOS inhibition. It also reduced inflammation pain by inhibiting TNF-alpha and IL-1beta , and exerts neurotrophic effects by activating the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway .
Recent studies found amygdalin may have anticancer effects. In animal models, amygdalin inhibits the tumor-promoting effect of the Epstein-Barr virus. In human prostate cancer cells, it increased pro-apoptotic Bax protein expression and caspase-3 enzyme activity, while decreasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression . It also downregulates cell cycle-related genes in human colon cancer cells. Amygdalin may inhibit growth and proliferation in bladder cancer cell lines by decreasing cell cycle regulatory proteins cdk2 and cyclin A. It also induces growth-regulating protein follistatin expression in human hepatocarcinoma cells.57
Amygdalin and laetrile are also confused in this article.58
Amygdalin, C20H27NO11, is a glycoside initially isolated from the seeds of a cultivar of the almond tree, Prunus dulcis var. amara, also known as bitter almonds, by Pierre-Jean Robiquet and Antoine-François Boutron-Charlard (1796-1879) in 1830, and subsequently investigated by Liebig and Wöhler in 1830, and others.
It was promoted in a modified form called laetrile as a cancer cure by Ernst T. Krebs, Jr. under the name “Vitamin B17”, but studies have found it to be ineffective It is also not a vitamin, and can cause cyanide poisoningThe promotion of laetrile to treat cancer has been described in the scientific literature as a canonical example of quackery,with Irving Lerner of the University of Minnesota escribing it as “the slickest, most sophisticated, and certainly the most remunerative cancer quack promotion in medical history.”
See how misleading this is? Calling laetrile (C14H15NO7) a modified form of amygdalin (C20H27NO11) is like calling sugar a modified form of alcohol.
One different atom is enough for two substancesto be completely diferent. Laetrile and amygdalin have 24 different atoms!
A glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond.
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. 59
A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside. 60
Confusion is a known tactic for preventing public outrage at governmental injustice, as you can read here. 61
And actally, there is nothing wrong with being slow to anger, and actually not get angry, but get busy looking for the root of injustice, which is nearly always wrong convictions, and fight the battle there where there are only winners.
People who do evil things often have a scapegoat ready, and so those who look most guilty, don’t have to be so at all. Most of the time they are the ones who have the biggest problem with immorality, and become emotionally unstable from it. So blaming individuals for mistakes in a system will not change things on the long run, because if funamental human rights are not secured, it’s just a matter of time before the next one starts abusing power. There need to be systems to guarantee everyone’s human rights, and to make sure that people are not left to the mercy of cruel people.
If a system has flaws, they love it when instead of people questioning the system and improving it, the outrage is directed towards individuals.
Here an explanation of why it is toxic for cancer cells, but not for healthy cells: See if you can spot the deception:
Some people call la vitamin B17, even though it isn’t a vitamin. The scientific name is mandelonitrile beta-D-gentiobioside. It is a nitriloside, a natural cyanide-containing substance. 62
Laetrile prevents cancer metastasis.
The theory is that it may do this in two ways.
The first one revolves around enzymes. Laetrile consists of glucose and toxic substances such asbenzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide.
Cyanide in laetrile only attacks cancer cells
Healthy cells contain an enzyme called rhodanese.63
Rhodanese protects the cells by neutralizing the benzaldehyde and cyanide in amygdalin.
Cancer cells do not have rhodanese. Instead, they have an enzyme called beta-glucosidase64.
Beta-glucosidase unlocks the benzaldehyde and cyanide from the glucose. It comes in the cancer cell like a Trojan horse.
The result is a targeted poison that kills the cancer cell.65
Sounds intereting doesn’t it? And its partially even true. Rhodanese does neutralize cyanide. However, cancer cells have as much rhodanese as healthy cells do, so this is not how it works.
This is what Ernst T. Krebbs wrote about laetrile. See if you can spot the deception:
Sounds interesting doesn’t it?
But all cells have about the same amount of rhodanese, also cancer cells.66 So that can’t be a reason for a targeted attack just on cancer cells.
And the beta-glucosidase content of cancer tissues is low compared to that of normal liver and small intestine. Cancer tissues contain the enzyme rhodanese in amounts comparable to that of liver and kidney and hence, cannot be attacked selectively by cyanide release through beta-glucosidase action on amygdalin. 67
So what is the truth here? Is it the same story as with so many plant based medicines, namely that the natural form is fine, but the symthesized form is less effective and can even be dangerous?
This is what healthline says about laetrile, the man made, synthetic form of Amygdalin:
There is no evidence that shows laetrile can effectively treat cancer 68 69
And this is what healthline says about Amygdalin, the natural form, as is present in apple seeds:
A test-tube study found that amygdalin improved the ability of immune cells to adhere to prostate cancer cells 70
White blood cells and prostate cancer specimens were used to investigate the potential of amygdalin to stimulate the immune system.
Amygdalin caused a statistically significant increase in the ability of a patient’s white blood cells to adhere to his own prostate cancer cells, suggesting some immune system boosting potential for amygdalin (Bhatti et al., 1981).
The ability of amygdalin and betaglucosidase to indirectly sensitize the hypoxic (oxygen-starved) cells at the center of a tumor to the lethal effects of gamma irradiation was investigated.
Cells at the periphery (outer edge) of a tumor are more sensitive to gamma irradiation because they are not oxygen-deprived.
Presumably, cyanide uptake by interior tumor cells is less than that of cells located at a tumor’s periphery.
The investigators found that amygdalin and beta-glucosidase could act as indirect radiation sensitizers of hypoxic tumor cells (Biaglow and Durand, 1978).
Cultured human bladder cancer cells were treated with amygdalin alone or a combination of amygdalin and an antibody that was coupled (chemically) to beta-glucosidase.
The target for this antibody was the glycoprotein (a protein with sugar molecules attached) MUC1. In this study, amygdalin alone was not very effective in killing the bladder cancer cells, but its cell-killing ability was 36 times greater in the presence of the antibody-enzyme complex. (Syrigos et al., 1998).
Amygdalin induced DNA damage, involved in cell cycle on SNU-C4 human colon cancer cells and amygdalin might be used for therapeutic anticancer drug (Park et al., 2005). 71
So Amygdalin is effective against Cancer, laetrile is not.
What about the toxicity?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)72, 1–2 mg/kg is a fatal oral dose of cyanide for a 154 lbs. (70 kg) man.
Most apple cores contain around 5 apple seeds. However, this amount will vary based on the health of the plant.
You would need to finely chew and eat about 200 apple seeds, or about 40 apple cores, to receive a fatal dose.
The Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry (ATSDR) says that exposure to even small amounts of cyanide can be dangerous. Cyanide can harm the heart and brain, and even lead to coma and death. ATSDR adds that people should avoid eating the seeds of apples, and the pits of fruits that include:
Symptoms of cyanide poisoning can occur quickly. They include shortness of breath and seizures. Both can lead to loss of consciousness
People use it for its fragrance, to condition hair, and calm skin inflammation. Some studies73suggest that it’s also a good source of antioxidants and shows some potential as an anticancer agent. 74
The studies say Cytotoxicity of apple seed oil against CHOK1, SiHa and A549 cancer cell lines ranged between 0.5 ± 0.06% and 88.6 ± 0.3%. 75
and
Apple seed oil could be a good source of natural antioxidants. Also, the in vitrocytotoxic activity against specific cell lines exhibited its potential as an anticancer agent. 76
But is that because of the amygdalin, or because of the fatty acids?
So it seems that there is no need to avoid seeds that you would normally eat because of the amygdalin in them, since the amounts you need to ingest before they become toxic are huge, and in the small amounts you would normally eat them, they are not only harmless, but extremely beneficial.
But there is reason to avoid the synthesized, man made form laetrile, or to abstain from eating seeds you would not normally eat, like apricot seeds.
Even when remedies are well established, then misinformation is still given about them.
Vitamins were often theorized before they were discovered and recognized. And between discovery and recognition there is the same period of ignoring, followed by denial, and when it is proven beyond a doubt, then still misinformation creeps in, even on the government sites.
Why is that? And what can we do about it?
Those are the questions I will try to answer in the following chapters.
Conclusion
We already saw to what lengths Sloan Kettering director Rhoads and his drones went to sabotage Dr. Revici.
The method to discredit amygdalin was more refined, less personal. The question is how many people were in on it. No scientistwould confuse laetrile with amygdalin, so either they are not real scientists, or they are purposely deceptive and counting on the stupidity or disinterest of the public.
It’s probably the military’s ideal. Have people poison themselves thinking they are healing themselves so that they take care of their own funerals, and even pay for the toxins.
The question is, why did Harriman go out of his way to get Sugiura obe the researcher?
Probably some extensive espionage was done. Of course Japan. The cliché is they are hardworking and don’t question authority.77 That is even more the case with marshal arts practitioners. The people protecting Sugiura were so powerful they could have pulled off anything.
So we see another case of someone being honoured for reasons that are completely unclear.
I do like to think that he would be happy his research of amygdalin is confirmed.
References
1https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/trophoblast
2https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ectopic-pregnancy/ ectopic means;outside of the womb.
3https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25372465/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1107920/
4https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19116220/
5The British developmental biologist John Beard, DSc (1858-1924) is little remembered today. Yet, he made outstanding contributions to the life sciences. Beard deserves to be included among the leading biologists of the late 19th and early 20th century. He has been hailed as a forerunner of the present-day theory of the cancer stem cell (CSC). He was the first to point to the parallels between cancer and the trophoblastic cells that envelop and nourish the embryo, characterizing cancer as “irresponsible trophoblast.” He pointed out that the initiation of fetal pancreatic function coincided with a reduction in the invasiveness of trophoblast, which otherwise might progress to clinical cancer (ie, choriocarcinoma). Based on the above propositions, he recommended the therapeutic use of pancreatic enzymes in treating cancer and other diseases. This therapy created a worldwide controversy, and although rejected in his day, persists in the world of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) today. R.W. Moss https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19116220/
6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Beard_(embryologist)#/media/File:John_Beard_embryologist.png
7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalin
8The amygdala (/əˈmɪɡdələ/; plural: amygdalae /əˈmɪɡdəli, -laɪ/ or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Lati from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, ‘almond’, ‘tonsil'[1]) is one of two almond-shaped clusters of nuclei located deep and medially within the tempor
9https://youtu.be/JuLsL3_eBWw?t=3882
10https://alchetron.com/Ernst-T-Krebs not to be confused with Hans Krebs, the inventor of the Krebs cycle, for which he won The Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine in 1953.
11https://scholar.google.fr/scholar?start=0&q=Ernst+T+Krebs&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&as_vis=1
12https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/laetrile
13http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/amygdalin/amygdalinjs.htm
14 https://www.mossreports.com/ralph-moss/ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gr0VEW0QkLc&t=300s
15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_W._Moss_(writer)
16https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/107628001300000688
17https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=4424
18Picture used with Professor Moss’s kind permission.
19https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/40/7/2625.full.pdf
20https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/23/archives/dr-kanematsu-sugiura-89-dies-a-pioneer-in-cancer-chemotherapy.html
21https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._H._Harriman and https://hvmag.com/life-style/history/eh-harriman-railroad-titan/
22http://www.secondopinionfilm.com/dr-kanematsu-sugiura-bio/#.YcI8cGjMJPY
23https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH19090910.2.13&e=——-en–20–1–txt-txIN——–1
24https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._H._Harriman
25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Ewing_(pathologist)
26Cornelius P. Rhoads,Wikipedia, edited March 31, 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_P._Rhoads
27https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/40/7/2625.full-text.pdf
28https://www.pref.aichi.jp/cancer-center/english/cc/
29https://wakeup-world.com/2013/10/30/what-the-cancer-industry-does-not-want-you-to-know-about-chemotherapy-and-radiation/
30https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/chemotherapy/chemotherapy-side-effects.html
31https://www.sciencedirect.com/sdfe/pdf/download/eid/1-s2.0-S002571251632510X/first-page-pdf
32https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002571251632510X
33https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/40/7/2625.full-text.pdf
34https://www.connersclinic.com/the-truth-behind-conventional-cancer-therapies/
35https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=909
36https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=909
37https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=1003
38https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=2867
39https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=2957
40https://youtu.be/Oad8YApkP8Y?t=3897
41https://www.mossreports.com/product/the-cancer-industry/
42https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gr0VEW0QkLc
43https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65988/
44https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65988/
45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalin
46https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amygdalin
47Par Yikrazuul — Travail personnel, Domaine public, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8482344
48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalin
49https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65988/
50https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/laetrile-vitamin-b17
51http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/amygdalin/amygdalinjs.htm
52https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amygdalin
53https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol
54https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65988/
55https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalin
56https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodanese
57https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/amygdalin
58https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_T._Krebs
59https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosidic_bond
60https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosidic_bond
61https://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/06mobilization.html
62http://glazcol.ru/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/The-Nitrilosides-in-Plants-and-Animals.pdf
63https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodanese
64https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697909/
65This article explains how the official laetrile studies were sabotaged by using inferior laetrile. It uses a picture of Hans Krebs, the discoverer of the Krebs cycle, instead of Ernst Krebs. https://www.biologicalmedicineinstitute.com/post/2018/06/21/amygdalin-and-laetrile-history-and-current-usage
66https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalin
67https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6986971/#:~:text=The%20beta-glucosidase%20content%20of,beta-glucosidase%20action%20on%20amygdalin
68https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/laetrile-vitamin-b17#TOC_TITLE_HDR_6
69https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1902140/
70https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/laetrile-vitamin-b17#TOC_TITLE_HDR_5 Halenár, Marek; Medvedová, Marína; Maruniaková, Nora; Kolesárová, Adriana. The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences; Nitra (Jan 2013): 2217-2226.
71https://www.proquest.com/openview/0a0ccd3ae387c2d4189b56909bc87a40/
72https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/cyanides.html
73https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jsfa.6337
74https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/are-apple-seeds-poisonous#lethal-dose
75https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jsfa.6337
76https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jsfa.6337
77https://www.quora.com/Why-is-asking-a-question-considered-rude-in-Japanese-culture
https://www.quora.com/Is-Japan-authoritarian
https://blackbeltmag.com/judo-denounced-in-japan
Chapter 2.9 Dandhea Book 1, Delightful and Delicious healing Seeds
Scentses 
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